The translations are by Rogier Creemers of China Copyright and Media.

14 June 2007, 19:48:04

First level: Do not reprint reports and comments related to the television drama examination fee, all websites are requested to delete existing related content.

14 June 2007, 19:40:55

First level: Please deal with reports on the incident of the “Shanxi black kilns” according to the following requirements.

All websites: Concerning the “Shanxi black kilns” incident, it is necessary to reprint more of the situation that the central and local government earnestly investigate and prosecute this incident, the circumstance of labor abuse in the black kilns may not be overly played up in titles, delete images and articles that describe the situation excessively. Interactive segments must delete harmful information that seizes the opportunity to attack the Party and the government.

14 June 2007, 18:44:47

Third level: Do not play up the matter of the Peking University professor who sent a letter to the Minister of Education after being dismissed.

All websites, concerning the matter of a Peking University Professor who sent a letter to state his circumstances to the Minister of Education after being dismissed, all websites may not put this in the important news section, may not establish special subjects, interactive segments are not to actively organize discussion.

15 June 2007, 21:37:14

First level: Please do not reprint reports concerning the Greenpeace organization’s convention of a press conference in Beijing; please do not reprint untrue reports of non-governmental organizations concerning agricultural, genetics, and biology.

15 June 2007, 23:46:27

First level: Concerning the Shanxi “black kiln” incident, all websites must strengthen positive propaganda strength, and report more on the powerful steps that have been adopted by central and relevant local governments, news trackers must be closed for corresponding reports, and expand management over forums, blogs, instant communication, and other interactive segments and tools, and delete harmful information seizing the opportunity to attack the Party and the government as soon as possible.

16 June 2007, 22:32:46

First level: The text “Calls to Cancel Interest Tax Increase Daily – No Motion Yet in Ministry of Finance” published by the website of Caijing Magazine is gravely inaccurate, all websites are requested not to reprint it, where it has been reprinted, please immediately delete it; the said article may not be posted or disseminated in forums, blogs, and other interactive segments. All websites are required to delete it and clean it up before 11 o’clock.

18 June 2007, 11:25:31

Third level: All websites are requested to speed up the setup of the “network media red homeland” special subject; it mush be online on 15:00 this Friday; the position of the special subject must be maintained.

All websites: The “Fourth (2007) Beijing Network Media Red Homeland” will start this Saturday, the subject of this red homeland is “Fourth (2007) Beijing Network Media Red Homeland – Finding the Footprints of the Revolution, Experiencing the Vitality of Guangxi.” All websites are requested to fully give rein to their information dissemination specializations and technological expertise, grasp the time to make a special subject of this event, strive to enrich content and make display forms diverse.

All websites are requested to put the event special subject online before 15:00 on Friday, and set up a special subject access point on the main page of websites and the middle part of the important news section; during the activity period, the special subject access point must be maintained on the main page of websites and the middle part of the important news section.

19 June 2007, 08:25:36

Third level: Please ensure that there are no search results for the following keywords; interactive segments are to set these up as filter words:

“Arrival,” “the worst six kinds of people in China today,” “the worst six kinds of people in China,” “concerning the suggestion to establish a committee to stimulate democracy and its eight political positions,” “establish democratic + stimulation committee,” “committee to stimulate democracy eight political positions,” “China democracy stimulation committee,” “democratic stimulation committee.”

All search engines are requested to ensure there are no search results for the above keywords; interactive segments are to set these up as filter words.

19 June 2007, 22:26:56

If the text “Zheng Xiaoyu’s Two Lawyers Publish ‘Rare’ Nine Legal Documents” is reprinted, please immediately delete it.

19 June 2007, 22:26:56

Third level: When reprinting corruption cases, pay attention to the following few points:

(1) Concerning large and major corruption cases, there must be one report per case, no special subjects may be set up, no links to related incidents or reports on related persons may be made, only reprint copy from Xinhua Net and People’s Daily Net;

(2) Do not reprint reports on cases where the corrupt person has deceased or sentenced to death;

(3) Do not play up the issue of shuanggui, the word “shuanggui” cannot be used in the titles of pages at all levels;

(4) Interactive segments are requested to implement management according to the above requirements.

19 June 2007, 22:43:40

First level: All search engines are requested to ensure that there are no search results for the following keywords: “What kind of democracy is China able to implement,” “Li Junru + What kind of democracy is China able to implement,” “Beijing Daily + What kind of democracy is China able to implement,” “Correction concerning ‘Democracy is a good thing,’” “Yu Keping + Correction concerning ‘Democracy is a good thing,’” “Beijing Daily + Correction concerning ‘Democracy is a good thing,’” “the wording ‘number one man’ is contrary to the development of intra-Party democracy,” “Wang Guixiu – the wording ‘number one man’ is contrary to the development of intra-Party democracy,” “Beijing Daily + the wording ‘number one man’ is contrary to the development of intra-Party democracy,” “Letting go the eight mistaken ideas of supervision,” “Wang Guixiu + Letting go the eight mistaken ideas of supervision,” “Beijing Daily + Letting go the eight mistaken ideas of supervision.”

All interactive segments are to set up the following keywords as filter words, search for and delete corresponding articles: “What kind of democracy is China able to implement,” “Correction concerning ‘Democracy is a good thing,’” “the wording ‘number one man’ is contrary to the development of intra-Party democracy,” “Letting go the eight mistaken ideas of supervision.” Please prepare this today and make it effective tomorrow.

Second level: Do not report on the university student suicide incidents; delete “suicide games,” “death notes,” “suicide manuals,” and other harmful information.

All websites: Concerning the recent successive university student suicide incidents, no special subjects are to be set up on the main page of websites or the news center page, it is not to be recommended, put in headers or discussed in blogs, forums and other interactive segments; timely delete “suicide games,” “death notes,” “suicide manuals,” and other harmful information that appears in interactive segments.

20 June 2007, 20:22:04

Third level, Do not reprint and delete reports and comments concerning the Wu Lihong case in Yixing, Jiangsu.

All websites are requested to not reprint reports and comments concerning the Wu Lihong case in Yixing, Jiangsu, where it has been reprinted, please delete it.

21 June 2007, 17:21:22, Zhong Fu

All search engines: please delete content on “Yixing, Jiangsu Environmental Defender Wu Lihong” in search results on “Wu Lihong”;

Please ensure there are no search results for “Yixing Wu Lihong” for a period of one month.

21 June 2007, 12:15:39, Fan Tao

First level: All websites are requested not to reprint reports or comments concerning the situation of the appeal in the Zheng Xiaoyu case, do not send text messages with corresponding information. Forums, blogs, and other interactive segments are not to disseminate or discuss this.

21 June 2007, 15:55:33, Huang Jing

First level: All websites: Concerning the Tangshan “Yang Shukuan Mafia Case,” only reprint copy from People’s Daily, Xinhua, and other main central news work units, do not reprint information from other sources, do not open trackers. Strengthen management on forums, blogs and other interactive columns, discussions seizing the opportunity to attack our social system must be timely deleted.

22 June 2007, 12:15:07

First level: Do not reprint reports concerning the Tangshan mafia case, where it has been reprinted, please immediately delete it.

All websites are requested not to reprint comments and reports on the Tangshan mafia case, where it has been reprinted, please immediately delete it. Corresponding reports, comments, and images on the front page of interactive segments is to be deleted.

Huang Jing, 21 June 2007, 17:20:13

All portals: Please push the text “Coolest Landlord in Jiuxun Protects Building for Four Years – Uses Molotov Cocktails to Resist Demolition Crew” to the back stage.

22 June 2007, 18:28:44

First level: Please open up news trackers for reports on the Shanxi black kiln press conference, and assign a special person to manage it!

All portal web sites: Please open up news trackers for reports on the Shanxi black kiln press conference, and assign a special person to manage it, strictly block and delete harmful discussions that attack the Party and the government.

22 June 2007, 18:57:46

Third level: All websites are requested to use standard language when producing content related to the return of Hong Kong.

All portal websites: When producing content related to the 10th anniversary of the return of Hong Kong, do not use the wording of “Two Shores, Three Regions,” the wording “Two Straits Shores and the Hong Kong and Macau Regions” may be used; do not use the wording “Hong Kong used to be a British colony,” the wording “Hong Kong was reduced to being a British colony” may be used.

22 June 2007, 22:47:29

First level: Please do not reprint reports and comments concerning the case of the erstwhile athletic association’s Song Wannian.

Please do not reprint reports and comments related to the case of the erstwhile athletic association’s Song Wannian, where it has been reprinted, please immediately delete it.

 

2007年6月北京网管办发出的禁令（三）

2007-06-14 19:48:04

一级：不转载电视剧审片费的相关报道及评论，请各网删除既有的相关内容。

2007-06-14 19:40:55

一级：请按以下要求处理“山西黑砖窑”事件的报道。

各网：关于“山西黑砖窑”事件，要多转载中央、地方政府认真查处此事件的情况，不要过分在标题渲染黑砖窑虐待工人的情节，删除过分描述惨状的图片和文章。互动环节要删除借机攻击党和政府的有害信息。

2007-06-14 19:44:47

三级：不炒作北大教授被辞退后致信教育部长一事

各网：有关北大一教授被辞退后，致信教育部部长陈述情况一事，各网站不要放要闻，不要建立专题，互动环节不主动组织讨论。

2007-06-15 21:37:14

一级：请不要转载绿色和平组织在北京召开新闻发布会的相关报道；请不要转载非政府组织关于农业转基因生物的不实报道。

2007-06-15 23:46:27

一级：关于山西“黑砖窑”事件，各网站要加大正面宣传力度，多报道中央和地方有关部门采取的有力措施，相关报道要关闭新闻跟贴，并加大对论坛、博客、即时通讯等互动环节、工具的管理，尽快删除借机攻击党和政府的有害信息。

2007-06-16 22:32:46

一级:《财经》杂志网络版登载的《取消利息税呼声日高 财政部尙无动议》一文严重失实，请各网不要转载,已经转载的请立即删除；论坛、博客等互动环节不得贴发、传播该文章。要求各网十一点前必须删除干净.

2007-06-18 11:25:31

三级：请各网加紧制做“网络媒体红色故土行”的专题；本周五15时务必上线；务必保持专题位置。

各网：“第四届(2007)北京网络媒体红色故土行”将于本周六启程，本次红色故土行的主题为“第四届(2007)北京网络媒体红色故土行—寻访革命足迹  感受活力广西”。请各网充分发挥信息传播特点和技术专长，抓紧时间制作活动专题，力求内容丰富，表现形式多样。

请各网于本周五15时前将活动专题上线，并在网站首页、要闻区中部放置专题入口；请各网在活动期间留意本次活动的相关消息，与网管处保持良好沟通，以每日活动的动态消息标题作为专题的入口；活动期间务必在网站首页、要闻区中部保持专题入口位置。

2007-06-19 08:25:36

三级：请将关键词设为搜索无结果；互动环节设为过滤词 ；

“达之”、“当前中国最坏的六种人”、“中国最坏的六种 人”、“关于建议成立民主促进委员会及其八项政治主张”、“成立民主 促进委员会”、“民主促进委员会八项政治主张”、“中国民主促进委员 会”、“民主促进委员会”

各搜索请将以上关键词设为搜索无结果；互动环节设为过滤词。

2007-06-19 22:26:56

如果有转载《郑筱萸两名律师“罕见地”公布9个法律文书》一文，请马上删除。

2007-06-19 22:26:56

三级：转载腐败案件时，请注意以下几点。

1、对于腐败大案要案，务必一事一报，不要建专题，不要链接相关事件或相关人物的报道，务必只转载新华网、人民网 的稿件；

2，不转载已经死亡或已判死刑的腐败分子案件的报道；

3，不炒作“双规”问题，“双规”一词不能用于各级页面的标题中。

4，互动环节请遵照以上要求执行管理。

2007-06-19 22:43:40

一级：各搜索引擎请将以下关键词设为搜索无结果：“中国能够实行什么样的民 主”、“李君如 中国能够实行什么样的民主”、“北京日报 中国能够实行什 么样的民主”、“关于“民主是个好东西”的辨正”、“俞可平 关于“民主是 个好东西”的辨正 ”、“北京日报  关于“民主是个好东西”的辨正 ”、“ “一把手”的提法与发展党内民主是相悖的”、“王贵秀 “一把手”的提法与 发展党内民主是相悖的”、“北京日报 “一把手”的提法与发展党内民主是相 悖的”、“走出监督的八大误区”、“王贵秀 走出监督的八大误区”、“北京 日报 走出监督的八大误区”。

请互动环节将以下关键词设为过滤词，并查找删除相关文章：“中国能够实行什 么样的民主”、“关于“民主是个好东西”的辨正”、““一把手”的提法与发 展党内民主是相悖的”、“走出监督的八大误区”。请今天做好 明天生效

二级：不报道大学生自杀事件；删除“自杀游戏”、“死亡笔记”、“自杀手册”等有害信息。

各网：对于近期相继发生的大学生自杀事件，不得在网站首页、新闻中心首页转载，博客、论坛等互动环节不推荐、不置顶、不讨论；及时删除互动环节出现的“自杀游戏”、“自杀手册”、“死亡笔记”等有害信息。

2007-06-20 20:22:04

三级：不转载、删除江苏宜兴吴立红案件的相关报道及评论。

有关江苏宜兴吴立红案件的相关报道及评论，各网请不要转载，已经转载的请删除。

2007-06-21 17:21:22  钟阜

各搜索引擎：请摘除“吴立红”一词搜索结果中“江苏宜兴环保卫士吴立红”的内容；

请将“宜兴吴立红”一词设为搜索无结果，期限为1个月。

2007-06-21 12:15:39 范涛

一级:有关郑筱萸案件二审情况的相关报道及评论，各网请不要转载，相关消息不发短信。论坛、博客等互动环节不传播、不讨论。

2007-06-21 15:55:33  黄婧

一级：各网:关于唐山”杨树宽涉黑案”，只转发人民日报、新华社等中央主要新闻单位稿件，不转载其他来源消息,不开跟帖。加强论坛、博客等互动栏目的管理，对借机攻击我社会制度的言论要及时删除

2007-06-22 12:15:07

一级：不转载有关唐山涉黑案的报道，已经转载的请立即删除

有关唐山涉黑案的报道及评论，各网请不要转载，已转载的请立即删除。互动环节首页要删除相关报道、评论及图片。

huangjing(黄婧)2007-06-21 17:20:13

各门户:请将《九旬最牛楼主护楼四年 用汽油弹对抗拆迁人员》一文压到后台

2007-06-22 18:28:44

一级：山西黑砖窑新闻通气会的报道，请放开新闻跟帖，并派专人管理！

各门户网站：山西黑砖窑新闻通气会的报道，请放开新闻跟帖，并派专人管理，严格封堵删除攻击党和政府的有害言论。

2007-06-22 18:57:46

三级：请各网在制作涉及香港回归的相关内容时规范用语

各门户网站：在制作涉及香港回归十周年的相关内容时，不要使用“两岸三地”的提法，可用“海峡两岸及港澳地区”的提法；不要使用“香港曾是英国殖民地”的提法，可用“香港曾沦受英国殖民统治”的提法。

2007-06-22 22:47:29

一级:请不要转载前卫体协宋万年案件的相关报道与评论。

请不要转载前卫体协宋万年案件的相关报道与评论，已经转载的请马上删除。

These translated directives were first posted by Rogier Creemers on China Copyright and Media on January 6, 2013 (here). This post is the 51st in the series.

© Anne.Henochowicz for China Digital Times (CDT), 2013. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us
Post tags: Beijing Internet Instructions, censorship, Censorship Vault, Directives from the Ministry of Truth, Internet censorship, labor abuse, Li Junru, Ministry of Truth, propaganda, Song Wannian, Wang Guixiu, Wu Lihong, Yang Shukuan, Yu Keping, Zheng Xiaoyu
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Leading the Chinese contingent at #10, China’s chief banker Zhou Xiaochuan was tied with his European and American counterparts, Jean-Claude Trichet and Ben Bernanke.

People’s Bank of China Governor Zhou Xiaochuan, whose country owns a whopping $1.14 trillion in U.S. debt, has been forced to cope with the unpleasant fact that China’s entanglement with U.S. and European markets makes it dependent on the health of Western economies. To that end, he has pursued a course of letting the yuan gradually appreciate, in a bid to slowly build up domestic consumption and decrease China’s reliance on foreign markets.

Following his victory in ArtReview’s parade of “the dancers who’ve spent the past 12 months gyrating around contemporary art’s greasy pole of power”, Ai Weiwei reached a more modest #18 in the Foreign Policy list, “for standing up to the Chinese Communist Party — even after it threw him in jail”:

Throwing Ai in jail put a famous face on a worrying trend: Since this spring, the number of human rights activists, lawyers, artists, and other dissidents vanishing into government custody without explanation has quietly but sharply spiked in China. Now Ai has taken up their cause, railing against this state of affairs — in open violation of the terms of his release. “[T]here are many hidden spots where they put people without identity,” he wrote in a searing Newsweek essay. “With no name, just a number.… Only your family is crying out that you’re missing.”

Accompanying his entry is a set of photos taken in Ai’s studio during a visit by Foreign Policy contributing editor Christina Larson earlier this year. Ai is also currently ranked at #12 in TIME’s Person of the Year poll, a comfortable ten places and 5,607 votes ahead of Kim Kardashian.

Immediately behind the artist at #19 in the Foreign Policy list are Yu Keping and He Weifang, nominated for their contrasting approaches to political change in China:

One surprising advocate from inside the system is Yu Keping, a bureaucrat and head of the government-advising China Center for Comparative Politics and Economics, whom the New York Times has described as a “mild-mannered policy wonk” and a proponent of slow but steady change. His straightforwardly titled essay, “Democracy Is a Good Thing,” insists that China can transition into a democracy that works for the Chinese. In a China Daily op-ed this summer titled “Reform Must Be Incremental,” Yu wrote that though the go-slow approach has been on balance good for China, “The country still lacks a mechanism to counter the selfish behavior of the bureaucracy, corruption is still rampant and public service rendered by the government is far from enough.”

He Weifang, meanwhile, is an outspoken critic of the Chinese legal system who was sent to internal exile in Xinjiang for signing the Charter 08 manifesto against the government in 2008 and then was told last year that he couldn’t leave the country. For He, a Peking University law professor and longtime writer on judicial abuses who says he sees China growing more repressive over time, reform cannot come fast enough. And if the Communist Party doesn’t adapt, he has warned, “then that process of transformation will not occur peacefully, and if the extreme violence comes, then there will be no Communist Party. It is a case of adapt or die.” So will it be Yu’s way or He’s?

Aside from the Chinese nationals, the list included “Tiger Mother” Amy Chua, a second-generation Chinese-American, who came in at #35. Economist Arvind Subramanian, known for arguing that China’s rise is both further advanced and greater in scale than most suspect, was #97.

Among the questions submitted to nominees was simply “America or China?” China fared poorly, with only six unqualified picks (from Nouriel Roubini, Sherry Rehman, Andrew Sullivan, Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Pervez Hoodbhoy) to America’s thirty. 29 respondents declined to choose one or the other, opting for “both” or “neither”, or giving some other indirect answer. Among these, Human Rights Watch’s Kenneth Roth (#69) replied that:

China’s model of repressive development is enormously attractive to authoritarian regimes around the world. The United States (and other friends of human rights) must do a better job of making the case for accountable government as the best way to improve the lot of the most needy, impoverished segments of society.

Oxford Economist Paul Collier (#56) picked China with the disclaimer “rocky not rocket,” while controversial environmental researcher Bjorn Lomborg (#76) answered “America for what the future should be, China for what the future will be.”

Read more on Zhou Xiaochuan, Ai Weiwei, Yu Keping, He Weifang, Amy Chua and Arvind Subramanian via CDT.

© Samuel Wade for China Digital Times (CDT), 2011. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us
Post tags: Ai Weiwei, Amy Chua, Charter 08, China's rise, He Weifang, United States, Yu Keping, zhou xiaochuan
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A closer look at Mr. Yu provides a small window into the role of those few public intellectuals who have learned to navigate what would appear to be treacherous terrain. They tackle seemingly provocative subjects and can even function as a force for change, but in the end their writings rarely challenge the underpinnings of China’s single-party, authoritarian rule.

Even Mr. Yu’s use of the word “democracy” is not what it seems. China’s leaders frequently talk about it as a worthy goal, but in practice they have virtually no intention of ceding the Communist Party’s monopoly. In fact, Mr. Yu never advocates Western-style multiparty democracy.

“What he writes might sound good, but he is misleading the Chinese people into thinking the government is moving toward democracy,” said Guo Tianguo, a former rights lawyer from Shanghai who was forced into exile five years ago and now lives in Canada. “He owes his job to President Hu Jintao, and if he ever pushed too hard he would lose everything. He’s a coward.”

YET to some who have followed his career, Mr. Yu’s role is far more nuanced. They say that he is a true believer in democracy, but that he walks a tightrope, trying to nudge China’s political elite toward reform without upsetting the apple cart.

© Sophie Beach for China Digital Times (CDT), 2010. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us
Post tags: democracy, political reform, public intellectuals, Yu Keping
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Only through global governance can the diverse problems confronting human society be resolved and a new global order be established.

Strong conflicts of interest that prove impossible to bridge in the near term should be handled according to the principle of shelving disputes and looking forward.

The emergence of global governance not only highlights humankind’s shared problems and destiny, but also reflects people’s efforts to pursue a world of sustained peace and common prosperity.

So far, there is no clear and universally accepted definition of global governance. Generally speaking, global governance could be defined as the attempt to resolve such problems as conflict, environmental degradation, the defense of human rights, international migration, drug-smuggling and infectious diseases through international regimes with binding force so as to maintain international political and economic order.

Read also Part I and Part II.

© Sophie Beach for China Digital Times (CDT), 2009. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us
Post tags: diplomacy, globalization, Yu Keping
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Chinese President Hu Jintao, also the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), in a noteworthy speech to provincial and ministerial level officials at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee on June 25, said: “To develop the socialist democracy is the unswerving goal of the Party.” So what are the significant achievements in socialist democracy construction, and what are Chinese political trends for the future?

20 years of reform in China has displayed enough proof that the transformation of thoughts and concepts has everything to do with social and political progress. In a certain sense, China’s “reform and opening up” is a process whereby old and new ideas clash together, causing the new concepts to win and push forward societal advancement.

As to political theory, these new concepts listed below surpass traditional political concepts, and directly and deeply impact upon China’s social and political life, thus strongly promoting Chinese democracy. [Full Text]

© Liu Yong for China Digital Times (CDT), 2007. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us
Post tags: democracy, political reform, Yu Keping
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In the March 25 issue of Phoenix Weekly, an “anonymous” ex-inmate recounts life in the Chinese prison system:

Prisoners who’ve just gone in will get a hazing from long-time inmates. Normally, the block monitor himself – the group leader of the cell – will dress them down, and there are all sorts of ways of straightening out new prisoners.

Like “eating the walnut” (ÂêÉʆ∏Ê°É), for instance, which means taking a stick to the shins. “The happy child descends the mountain” (ÂñúÂÑø‰∏ã±±), a reference to a ballet pose in Peking Opera, means standing on one leg for several hours. “The yurt” (ËíôÂè§ÂåÖ) involves covering someone’s head in a blanket, then pummeling it. And “watching TV” actually means squatting in front of a bucket of piss for hours on end.

“Get up! What you in for?” Right after I went in, a really sadistic brute stood up and laid into me. But what could not have been expected was that after I described my affair, here, of all places, I gained understanding. In an unprecedented turn of events, I didn’t swallow the initiation. I was spared having to sleep with the “toilet”.

The story actually repeats bits of an interview Phoenix Weekly conducted earlier this year with the ex-journalistGao Qinrong, freed in December after being locked up for eight years as payback for unmasking corruption.

A background note on Phoenix Weekly follows, along with highlights of recent stories not yet available online.

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Read the rest of Reading Phoenix Weekly: Gao Qinrong, Yu Keping, Kim’s Successor, Etc. (2,183 words)

© Jonathan Ansfield for China Digital Times (CDT), 2007. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us
Post tags: censorship, Gao Qinrong, Kim Jong-il, media controls, Yu Keping
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Democracy is a good thing, and this is not just for specific persons or certain officials; this is for the entire nation and its broad masses of people. Simply put, for those officials who care more about their own interests, democracy is not only not a good thing; in fact, it is a troublesome thing, even a bad thing. Just think, under conditions of democratic rule, officials must be elected by the citizens and they must gain the endorsement and support of the majority of the people; their powers will be curtailed by the citizens, they cannot do whatever they want, they have to sit down across the people and negotiate. Just these two points alone already make many people dislike it. Therefore, democratic politics will not operate on its own; it requires the people themselves and the government officials who represent the interests of the people to promote and implement. [Full text]

© Sophie Beach for China Digital Times (CDT), 2007. | Permalink | One comment | Add to del.icio.us
Post tags: democracy, political reform, Yu Keping
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