原作者：
来源Our Spy War with China
译者citic
Our Spy War with China
By TARA McKELVEY
Published: August 5, 2011
和中国的谍战
作 者：TARA McKELVEY
出版时间：2011年8月5日
In May 2004, the F.B.I. special agent James J. Smith found himself in an uncomfortable spot: he had to tell a federal judge about an affair he’d had with an informer, Katrina Leung, a San Marino, Calif., businesswoman with “jet-black hair,” while his wife and son were sitting in the courtroom. “Argh!” he later wrote to friends.
2004年5月，联邦调查局特别探员James J. Smith发现自己处于一种令人不安的境地：他必须告诉联邦法官他与情报人员卡特里娜·梁之间的风流韵事，梁有着一头乌黑的秀发，是加利福尼亚圣马力诺的女商人，而此时他的妻子和儿子正坐在法庭上。他随后写给朋友说“啊，真是受不了！”
TIGER TRAP America’s Secret Spy War With China
老虎式陷阱
美国同中国的秘密谍战
By David Wise
大卫·维斯
Illustrated. 292 pp. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt· $28.
292页插图 霍顿·米夫林·哈考特图书出版公司 28美元
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Excerpt: ‘Tiger Trap’ (August 5, 2011)
摘录: ‘老虎式陷阱’ （2011年8月5日）
In “Tiger Trap: America’s Secret Spy War With China,” David Wise writes about the ineptitude of American agents. Not only was Smith having an affair with Leung, Wise says, but so was another F.B.I. man, William Cleveland, who was the head of a Chinese counterintelligence squad in San Francisco. Neither seemed to know that Leung was sleeping with the other, nor did they know that she was working for Beijing’s Ministry of State Security. Double argh.
在“老虎式陷阱：美国和中国的谍战”一文，大卫·维斯描述了美国间谍的无所作为。并非只有史密斯与梁之间有这种事，曾任旧金山针对中国的反间谍小组领导的联邦调查局人员威廉·克里夫兰亦同史密斯一样。看上去谁也不知道梁也曾是其他人的榻上之宾，更不知道他为北京政府的国家安全局工作。更令人受不了。
With this case and others, Wise documents not only the adroitness of Chinese agents, but also how China has for several decades “penetrated” the United States, as he puts it. “Penetrate” and “penetration” are two of his favorite words, appearing at least a dozen times, often in connection with Leung, who, despite the fact that she was taking classified documents from Smith’s briefcase during their trysts, was seen as “his prize asset.” Wise’s language, particularly in the descriptions of Leung, gives parts of his book a quasi-pornographic feel.
通过这样的案件，维斯证明中国间谍的机敏以及中国在这几十年是如何“渗透”美国社会的，正如他所描述的那样。“渗透”和“渗透力”是他最爱用的两个词，至少出现了12次，关于梁，尽管实际上是梁在和史密斯幽会期间窃取他的机密文件，但这些文件被当作“他最有价值的财产。”维斯的语言，特别是关于梁的描述，使他的书某些部分给人一种色情文学的感觉。
Elsewhere, Wise sheds light on cultural differences between Chinese and American espionage. As a former C.I.A. officer once told me in Warsaw, the most powerful motive for foreign agents is revenge. Indeed, Wise describes how C.I.A. recruiters have traditionally attempted to tap into the murky, retaliatory impulses of Russians and others, trying to persuade them to share secrets about their governments. In contrast, Chinese intelligence agents steer clear of people who are vindictive, since the agents believe they may become volatile and explosive.
在其他方面，维斯着重阐述中美两国谍报活动的文化差异。在华沙前中情局官员曾告诉我，对外国间谍来说最有力的动机是报复。事实上，维斯描述中情局招募人员如何习惯性地企图挖掘俄罗斯人和其他人之间的阴暗的、报复性的冲动行事，继而尝试说服他们分享关于他们国家政府的秘密。相比较而言，中国谍报人员避开那些有报复性的人，因为他们认为那些人可能会变得反复无常、易暴露。
Instead, Wise writes, Beijing’s agents appeal to the altruistic side of human nature, especially among Chinese immigrants, and attempt to manipulate a desire to “help China modernize.” The soft sell seems to work; Wise cites examples of their successful recruits, including a physicist who had worked at the Los Alamos and Lawrence Livermore labs and said “he had revealed the information because China is ‘such a poor country’ and one of the scientists had asked for his help.” In this way, Chinese agents may have gathered classified information on a prized American possession, the Trident warhead; the intelligence apparently helped their scientists build a miniaturized nuclear warhead.
相反地，维斯写到，北京的间谍通常利用人性的无私方面，特别是在中国移民之间，同时尝试利用“帮助中国实现现代化”的愿望。软推销看上去很有效。维斯引用了几个他们的成功招募，其中包括一名曾在洛斯·阿拉莫斯国家实验室和劳伦斯·力佛摩尔国家实验室工作的物理学家，据说“因中国‘在这方面是如此的贫穷’以及一名科学家寻求他的帮助，他已泄露了信息。”在这方面，中国的间谍可能已经搜集了关于最有价值的美国财产—三叉戟导弹的机密资料；情报人员显然地帮助了他们的科学家发展小型核弹头。
Throughout the book, Wise, the author of “Spy: The Inside Story of How the FBI’s Robert Hanssen Betrayed America,” pays tribute to Chinese espionage skills. He says that “China may be America’s single most effective and dangerous adversary.”
在《密探—联邦调查局人员罗伯特·汉森如何背叛美国的内部故事》一书中，作者维斯通篇表达了对中国人谍报技巧的敬意。他还说“中国可能是美国唯一的最强有力的也是最危险的对手。”
Wise has plenty of evidence to back up his thesis. “Tiger Trap” is based on affidavits, government documents and interviews with more than 150 people, and features a broad cast of characters, ranging from Leung to a bronco-riding counterintelligence specialist and a C.I.A. officer who was also a competitive weight lifter. All of them were in some way caught up in scandal, either as spies or investigators.
维斯有很多支持他的论点的证据。“老虎式陷阱”以宣誓书、政府文件以及同150多人的访谈录，以及各式各样的人物原型为基础，人物范围从梁到桀骜不驯的反间谍活动专家，再到同时还是好竞争的举重运动员的中情局官员。这些人不是作为间谍就是作为调查人员在某些方面因丑闻被抓。
Unfortunately, Wise sails through decades of espionage history like a casual purveyor of the obvious, pointing out that “spies are a different breed, they move in a secret world,” and that “in the world of spies, nothing is entirely predictable.” Moreover, he is impatient with narrative devices like plot, character development and setting, relying instead on capital letters (“confidential,” “top secret”) and keywords (“Sex! Espionage! A Chinese dragon lady!”) in an effort to engage the reader. But this reader, for one, felt only a quiet sense of “argh” while struggling through this chaotic account.
很遗憾地，维斯像一个明显的非正式记录者记录着数十年的谍报历史，他指出“间谍是一种完全不同的职业，他们在秘密的世界里活动”、“间谍世界中，不是任何事都是完全可以预知的。”此外，维斯疏于采用精心设计场景的叙述式结构、人物发展和背景，而是采用字体大写（“机密”、“绝密”）和关键词（“性！间谍活动！中国恶妇”）努力吸引读者。但是当这样的读者费解于杂乱无章的叙述时，可能会有一种“真是受不了”的感觉。
Tara McKelvey, a frequent contributor to the Book Review and a 2011 Guggenheim fellow, is the author of “Monstering: Inside America’s Policy of Secret Interrogations and Torture in the Terror War.”
Tara Mckelvey是书评的经常投稿人、2011年古根海姆研究员。《残忍的魔鬼：美国反恐战争中秘密审讯和虐囚政策内幕》
A version of this review appeared in print on August 7, 2011, on page BR18 of the Sunday Book Review with the headline: Superior Spies
本书评于2011年8月7日印刷，星期日书评第18章，标题为“优秀的间谍”
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