{"id":189535,"date":"2011-10-17T17:30:59","date_gmt":"2011-10-18T00:30:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/2011\/10\/%e5%8d%8e%e5%b0%94%e8%a1%97%e6%97%a5%e6%8a%a5-%e8%a7%82%e7%82%b9-%e8%b4%a7%e5%b8%81%e8%81%94%e7%9b%9f%e7%93%a6%e8%a7%a3%e7%9a%84%e5%8e%86%e5%8f%b2%e6%95%99%e8%ae%ad\/"},"modified":"2011-10-17T17:30:59","modified_gmt":"2011-10-18T00:30:59","slug":"%e5%8d%8e%e5%b0%94%e8%a1%97%e6%97%a5%e6%8a%a5-%e8%a7%82%e7%82%b9-%e8%b4%a7%e5%b8%81%e8%81%94%e7%9b%9f%e7%93%a6%e8%a7%a3%e7%9a%84%e5%8e%86%e5%8f%b2%e6%95%99%e8%ae%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/189535.html","title":{"rendered":"\u534e\u5c14\u8857\u65e5\u62a5 | [\u89c2\u70b9] \u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u74e6\u89e3\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6559\u8bad"},"content":{"rendered":"

Stephane Deo \/ Paul Donovan \/ Larry Hatheway<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u773c<\/p>\n

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\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u5965\u5308\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df (1919\u5e74)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\uff081932\/33\u5e74\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

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1933\u5e741\u6708\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u8054\u50a8\u505c\u6b62\u4e3a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u8054\u50a8\u7968\u636e\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d34\u73b0\u4e1a\u52a1\uff08\u5373\u62c6\u501f\u8d44\u91d1\uff09\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u8fd0\u4f5c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ec8\u6b62\u2500\u2500\u5404\u5dde\u94f6\u884c\u6cd5\u89c4\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u7ba1\u5236\u30021933\u5e743\u6708\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u4e0a\u4efb\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u670935\u4e2a\u5dde\u5ba3\u5e03\u94f6\u884c\u6b47\u4e1a\uff0c\u672a\u6b47\u4e1a\u7684\u5dde\u5927\u591a\u4e5f\u90fd\u5bf9\u53d6\u73b0\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u3002\u7f8e\u5143\u5e76\u672a\u6d88\u5931\u800c\u4e14\u4ecd\u662f\u6cd5\u5b9a\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u4f46\u9664\u4e86\u73b0\u91d1\uff0c\u7f8e\u5143\u5176\u5b9e\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u80fd\u8de8\u5dde\u6d41\u901a\uff08\u800c\u4e14\u53d6\u73b0\u4e5f\u8d8a\u53d1\u56f0\u96be\uff09\u3002\u4ee5\u7269\u6613\u7269\u5f00\u59cb\u53d6\u4ee3\u8d27\u5e01-\u5546\u54c1\u4ea4\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n

1933\u5e743\u6708\u7684\u8054\u90a6\u94f6\u884c\u6b47\u4e1a\u8ba9\u5c40\u52bf\u5f97\u5230\u7f13\u89e3\u2500\u2500\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8ba9\u6574\u4e2a\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u505c\u6b62\u8fd0\u8f6c\u4e862\u5468\u3002\u968f\u540e\u94f6\u884c\u9010\u6e10\u5f00\u59cb\u91cd\u65b0\u8425\u4e1a\uff0c\u7f8e\u5143\u518d\u6b21\u5b9e\u73b0\u8de8\u5dde\u6d41\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5bf9\u6b27\u5143\u533a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u5206\u88c2\u3002\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u3001\u94f6\u884c\u4e1a\u6539\u9769\u548c\u8d44\u672c\u91cd\u6574\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u4f53\u7cfb\u8ba9\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u4ee5\u66f4\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u91cd\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u540e\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u8d27\u5e01\u5e02\u573a\u51e0\u4e4e\u9677\u5165\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u5370\u949e\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u5404\u4e2a\u592e\u884c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u8d27\u5e01\u653f\u7b56\u9886\u57df\u5c55\u5f00\u534f\u4f5c\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4fe1\u8d37\u6269\u5f20\u7ed9\u94f6\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e26\u6765\u538b\u529b\u3002\u4e3a\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5c40\u9762\uff0c1992\u5e74\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e86\u5362\u5e03\u53d1\u884c\u89c4\u6a21\uff08\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u9650\u5236\u72ed\u4e49\u8d27\u5e01\u4f9b\u5e94\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u5e7f\u4e49\u8d27\u5e01\u7684\u589e\u957f\u662f\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff09\u3002\u8de8\u56fd\u652f\u4ed8\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5236\u7ea6\u4e86\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5362\u5e03\u5151\u6362\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u51cf\u5c11\u8d27\u5e01\u53d1\u884c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u73b0\u91d1\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u4e0d\u5229\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u56e0\u6b64\u5f00\u59cb\u91c7\u7528\u5e73\u884c\u8d27\u5e01\uff08\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u6700\u65e9\uff0c1991\u5e7411\u6708\u5c31\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u4ee3\u91d1\u5238\uff1b\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4e5f\u57281992\u5e745\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u91d1\u5238\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

1992\u5e74\u4e0b\u534a\u5e74\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5f00\u59cb\u6269\u5f20\u4fe1\u8d37\uff0c\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u7684\u89e3\u4f53\u5c31\u6b64\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u514b\u6717\u6210\u4e3a\u7231\u6c99\u5c3c\u4e9a\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u8d27\u5e01\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6cd5\u5b9a\u8d27\u5e01\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u6ce2\u7f57\u5730\u6d77\u6cbf\u5cb8\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u52a8\u3002\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u8d27\u5e01\u57281992\u5e7411\u6708\u6210\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5b9a\u8d27\u5e01\u3002<\/p>\n

\u968f\u540e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u52a0\u5feb\u4e86\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u74e6\u89e3\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\uff08\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u5927\u91cf\u8d27\u5e01\u56de\u6d41\uff09\u2500\u25001993\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5ba3\u5e031993\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u53d1\u884c\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5b9a\u8d27\u5e01\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6c11\u4f17\u53ef\u5c06\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u768493\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u53d1\u884c\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\u5151\u6362\u4e3a\u65b0\u5e01\u3002\u8d85\u8fc7\u8be5\u9650\u989d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5c06\u5b58\u5165\u94f6\u884c\uff0c\u9501\u5b9a6\u4e2a\u6708\uff08\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u65e0\u5f02\u4e8e\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u7a0e\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

1993\u5e74\u53d1\u884c\u7684\u5362\u5e03\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u56fd\u5185\u6d41\u901a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8ba9\u5176\u4ed6\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6301\u6709\u7684\u5362\u5e03\u53d8\u5f97\u6beb\u65e0\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9274\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6210\u719f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u6b27\u5143\u533a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u5185\u90e8\u53d1\u884c\u4ee3\u91d1\u5238\uff08\u5c31\u50cf\u82cf\u8054\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u89e3\u4f53\u524d\u90a3\u6837\uff09\u662f\u4e2a\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u601d\u8def\u3002\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u4e5f\u66fe\u6709\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u63aa\u65bd\u2500\u2500\u628a\u501f\u6761\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u4ee3\u5e01\u201d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\uff081993\u5e74\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

1993\u5e74\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u7684\u89e3\u4f53\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u653f\u5c40\u8d70\u52bf\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff08\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u968f\u540e\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u53d8\u5f97\u8f83\u4e3a\u4e13\u5236\uff09\u3002\u6377\u514b\u548c\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u90fd\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u74e6\u89e3\u2500\u25001919\/20\u5e74\u548c1993\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u3002<\/p>\n

1992\u5e74\u5927\u9009\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u6377\u514b\u548c\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u968f\u5373\u540c\u610f\u5404\u81ea\u4e3a\u653f\u3002\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u5373\u5c06\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u9884\u671f\u4fc3\u4f7f\u8d44\u91d1\u4ece\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u6d41\u5165\u6377\u514b\uff1b\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u540e\u8005\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u66f4\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff08\u800c\u4e14\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6377\u514b\u7684\u8d27\u5e01\u7ec8\u5c06\u5347\u503c\uff09\u300292\u5e7410\u6708\u6377\u514b\u548c\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u5c06\u4ece1993\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u8d77\u81f3\u5c11\u5c06\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\uff08\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u539f\u8054\u76df\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff09\u4fdd\u63016\u4e2a\u6708\u3002\u6682\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8054\u76df\u5f53\u7136\u53ea\u4f1a\u8ba9\u8d44\u91d1\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u9003\u79bb\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\uff08\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5728\u5c40\u9762\u5931\u63a7\u4e4b\u524d\u8131\u8eab\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6377\u514b-\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u5e76\u4e0d\u7406\u60f3\uff08\u6b27\u5143\u533a\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u597d\u4e0d\u5230\u54ea\u53bb\uff09\u3002\u8de8\u5883\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7cfb\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5931\u53bb\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u4f53\u7cfb\uff08\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff09\uff0c\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u505c\u8f6c\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u4eba\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u7684\u74e6\u89e3\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u65f6\uff0c\u9003\u5f80\u6377\u514b\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u52bf\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f53\u3002\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u8fb9\u5883\u906d\u5230\u5c01\u9501\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u8303\u73b0\u6b3e\u8f6c\u79fb\uff1b\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613\u6682\u505c\uff1b\u4ece\u94f6\u884c\u53d6\u73b0\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\uff1b\u8d27\u5e01\u518d\u6b21\u50cf\u5965\u5308\u5e1d\u56fd\u5206\u88c2\u65f6\u90a3\u6837\u88ab\u52a0\u76d6\u56fd\u5fbd\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c40\u9762\u8ba9\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u6709\u4e9b\u8be1\u5f02\u3002\u548c\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u5151\u6362\u65b0\u5e01\u7684\u65e7\u5e01\u6570\u91cf\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u3002\u8d85\u8fc7\u8be5\u9650\u989d\u7684\u65e7\u5e01\u90fd\u5b58\u5165\u4e86\u94f6\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u6b27\u5143\u533a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6377\u514b-\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u89e3\u4f53\u7684\u6559\u8bad\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u524d\u5ba3\u5e03\u89e3\u4f53\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u53ea\u4f1a\u52a0\u901f\u6295\u673a\uff08\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u76f8\u5f53\u660e\u663e\u800c\u4e14\u5e94\u5f53\u9884\u89c1\u7684\u5230\u3002\uff09\u5728\u73b0\u6b3e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u5168\u9762\u8f6c\u79fb\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u94f6\u884c\u53d6\u73b0\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u4e5f\u91c7\u53d6\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u63aa\u65bd\uff09\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u74e6\u89e3\u7684\u56db\u5927\u8d8b\u52bf<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u60c5\u51b5\u8868\u660e\u8d27\u5e01\u8054\u76df\u7684\u74e6\u89e3\u6709\u56db\u5927\u5171\u540c\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n

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Stephane Deo \/ Paul Donovan \/ Larry Hatheway \u773c 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