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\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u82cf\u4fc4\u5148\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u4ea4\u4e92\u627f\u8ba4\u6ee1\u3001\u8499\u201c\u72ec\u7acb\u201d\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u8054\u624b\u74dc\u5206\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u571f\uff0c\u540e\u501f\u65e5\u672c\u6fd2\u8d25\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u5bf9\u65e5\u201c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6218\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u628a\u65e5\u672c\u8d25\u540e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6536\u56de\u7684\u4e1c\u5317\u6743\u76ca\u53c8\u5207\u53bb\u4e86\u4e00\u5757\uff08\u4e2d\u4e1c\u8def\u3001\u65c5\u987a\u5927\u8fde\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u6c99\u4fc4\u5728\u4e1c\u5317\u7684\u6614\u65e5\u201c\u5149\u8363\u201d\uff0c\u8fd8\u501f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u6218\u4e4b\u673a\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u8981\u631f\u53cc\u65b9\u627f\u8ba4\u8499\u53e4\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u5217\u5f3a\u4e2d\u60df\u4e00\u6210\u529f\u5730\u628a\u4fb5\u534e\u6210\u679c\u6c38\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76db\u4e16\u624d\u6295\u9760\u82cf\u4fc4<\/p>\n

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1930\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u82cf\u4fc4\u51fa\u5175\u5e72\u9884\u65b0\u7586\u5185\u6218\uff0c\u6276\u690d\u76db\u4e16\u624d\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u65b0\u7586\u738b\u201d\u3002\u76db\u4e16\u624d\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u65b0\u7586\uff0c\u867d\u672a\u5ba3\u5e03\u201c\u72ec\u7acb\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5b8c\u5168\u8131\u79bb\u6c11\u56fd\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u4e0d\u4f46\u7ed9\u76db\u4e16\u624d\u5927\u91cf\u519b\u63f4\uff0c\u8fd8\u6d3e\u51fa\u82cf\u519b\u7cbe\u9510\u673a\u68b0\u5316\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u5e38\u9a7b\u65b0\u7586\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u9a7b\u5728\u56fd\u5883\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9a7b\u5728\u65b0\u7586\u9762\u5bf9\u5185\u5730\u7684\u95e8\u6237\u54c8\u5bc6\u4e00\u5e26\uff0c\u660e\u6446\u7740\u5c31\u662f\u9632\u8303\u5185\u5730\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u5165\u7586\u3002<\/p>\n

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1921-1922 \u5e74\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u534e\u76db\u987f\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ec8\u4e8e\u57cb\u846c\u4e86 \u201c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u6761\u201d\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u65e5\u672c\u4ea4\u8fd8\u9752\u5c9b\u548c\u80f6\u6d4e\u8def\u6743\u76ca\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u7ea0\u6b63\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u6d88\u9664\u5fb7\u56fd\u4fb5\u534e\u201c\u9057\u4ea7\u201d\uff08\u5236\u6b62\u65e5\u672c\u7ee7\u627f\u8fd9\u4e00\u201c\u9057\u4ea7\u201d\uff09\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u56fe\u4e3a\u534e\u76db\u987f\u4f1a\u8bae \u4e2d\u56fd\u5168\u6743\u4ee3\u8868\u987e\u7ef4\u94a7\uff08\u9a7b\u82f1\u516c\u4f7f\uff0c\u5de6\u4e00\uff09\u3001\u65bd\u8087\u57fa\uff08\u9a7b\u7f8e\u516c\u4f7f\uff0c\u5de6\u4e8c\uff09\u3001\u738b\u5ba0\u60e0\uff08\u5927\u7406\u9662\u957f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u8c26\u865a\u6240\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u201c\u6b63\u9762\u6218\u573a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u654c\u540e\u6218\u573a\u201d\u6218\u679c\u7684\u5b70\u5927\u5b70\u5c0f\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6743\u4f53\u73b0\u8005\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u4ece\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u89d2\u5ea6\u548c\u4e16\u4eba\u7684\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u56fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e2a\u9635\u8425\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u8be5\u56fd\u4e3b\u6743\u4f53\u73b0\u8005\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u548c\u5728\u91ce\u515a\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u4ee3\u8868\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u662f\u91cd\u5e86\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u50cf\u6c6a\u4f2a\u90a3\u6837\u6295\u9760\u4e86\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6218\u56fd\u5c31\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8f74\u5fc3\u56fd\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u53cd\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u76df\u56fd\u4e00\u65b9\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5047\u5982\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u540e\u6765\u5185\u6218\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5c06\u9886\u6295\u964d\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u66f4\u591a\u5417\uff1f\u8fd9\u80fd\u5426\u8bf4\u660e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u6d88\u6781\u53cd\u5171\u201d\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5374\u91c7\u53d6\u201c\u53cc\u91cd\u6807\u51c6\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u5185\u6218\u4e2d\u964d\u5c06\u591a\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u6b63\u4e49\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f17\u53db\u4eb2\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6297\u6218\u4e2d\u964d\u5c06\u4e5f\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u96be\u9053\u8bc1\u660e\u6297\u65e5\u4e0d\u201c\u6b63\u4e49\u201d\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u6297\u6218\u4e2d\u964d\u5c06\u591a\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u6297\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5185\u6218\u4e2d\u964d\u5c06\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u96be\u9053\u8bc1\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u53cd\u5171\uff1f<\/p>\n

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\u4e94\u56db\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u201c\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u201d\uff08\u5b83\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u540e\u4f1a\u8c08\u5230\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5e9a\u5b50\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u7687\u6743\u75af\u72c2\u548c\u201c\u602a\u529b\u4e71\u795e\u201d\u98ce\u6f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6062\u590d\u5173\u7a0e\u4e3b\u6743\u4e0e\u53f8\u6cd5\u4e3b\u6743<\/p>\n

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1931\u5e745\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u518d\u6b21\u81ea\u884c\u516c\u5e03\u300a\u7ba1\u8f96\u5728\u534e\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u5b9e\u65bd\u6761\u4f8b\u300b\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u5bf9\u5728\u534e\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u62e5\u6709\u53f8\u6cd5\u4e3b\u6743\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u201c\u5b9e\u65bd\u201d\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6253\u4e86\u6298\u6263\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\uff0c\u5ba3\u5e03\u64cd\u4e4b\u5728\u6211\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u610f\u4e49\u91cd\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u653f\u6cbb\u591a\u5143\u5316\u4e0e\u5916\u4e89\u56fd\u6743\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n

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\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u80fd\u591f\u5982\u6b64\uff1f<\/p>\n

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\u201c\u534a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u201d\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u6d88\u9664<\/p>\n

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\u6c11\u56fd\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\uff1a\u5357\u6d77\u8bf8\u5c9b\u2014\u2014\u517c\u8bc4\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u5730\u56fe\u5f00\u7586\u201d\u8bf4<\/p>\n

\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5373\u4fbf\u5728\u738b\u671d\u5f3a\u76db\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e5f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6d77\u6743\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u897f\u6c99\u3001\u5357\u6c99\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e00\u5411\u6709\u6211\u5148\u6c11\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5b98\u5e9c\u5374\u4e0d\u5728\u610f\u3002\u6e05\u672b\uff0c\u674e\u51c6\u6c34\u5e08\u867d\u66fe\u5de1\u89c6\u897f\u6c99\uff0c\u4e5f\u672a\u80fd\u9a7b\u5b88\u3002\u9042\u4f7f\u897f\u6c99\u3001\u5357\u6c99\u57281930\u5e74\u4ee3\u76f8\u7ee7\u4e3a\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u6240\u8e1e\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u867d\u4e8e1935\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5357\u6d77\u5c9b\u5c7f\u56fe\u300b\uff0c\u58f0\u660e\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u65f6\u56fd\u52bf\u4e0d\u652f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b9e\u9645\u9a71\u9010\u5165\u4fb5\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u5e74\uff0c\u7f51\u4e0a\u6709\u4eba\u5168\u76d8\u5426\u5b9a\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u7ef4\u62a4\u56fd\u6743\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u628a\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u56fd\u65e0\u529b\u5b9e\u4e89\u3001\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u6807\u793a\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e00\u6982\u8ba5\u4e3a\u201c\u5730\u56fe\u5f00\u7586\u201d\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u56fd\u52bf\u5f31\u65f6\u5148\u4f5c\u5ba3\u793a\uff0c\u5f85\u56fd\u52bf\u5f3a\u5927\u540e\u6536\u590d\uff0c\u672c\u7406\u6240\u5f53\u7136\u3002\u5982\u679c\u540e\u6765\u672a\u80fd\u5982\u613f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e4b\u9057\u61be\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u8ba5\u7b11\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u603b\u6bd4\u8fde\u5ba3\u793a\u90fd\u4e0d\u5ba3\u793a\u3001\u9006\u6765\u987a\u53d7\u3001\u62f1\u624b\u8ba9\u4eba\u597d\u5427\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5047\u5982\u65e0\u529b\u5b9e\u4e89\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u627f\u8ba4\u65e2\u6210\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e1c\u4e09\u7701\u66fe\u7ecf\u6ca6\u9677\u5341\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u57281932\u5e74\u540e\u5c31\u628a\u56fd\u754c\u5212\u5728\u5c71\u6d77\u5173\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4e1c\u5317\u540e\u6765\u8fd8\u80fd\u6536\u590d\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u8ba5\u7b11\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u53f2\u5b9e\u3002\u6297\u6218\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u4e3b\u6743\u5ba3\u793a\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u65e0\u529b\u5b9e\u4e89\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u201c\u5730\u56fe\u5f00\u7586\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u6297\u6218\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

1946\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u519b\u8230\u91cd\u5360\u5357\u6c99\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e2d\u56fd\u6297\u8bae\u3002\u6cd5\u8230\u88ab\u8feb\u64a4\u9000\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u6d3e\u51fa\u201c\u592a\u5e73\u201d\u53f7\u3001\u201c\u6c38\u5174\u201d\u53f7\u3001\u201c\u4e2d\u4e1a\u201d\u53f7\u548c\u201c\u4e2d\u5efa\u201d\u53f74\u8230\uff0c\u7531\u6797\u9075\u5c06\u519b\u7387\u9886\uff0c\u4e8e12\u6708\u95f4\u76f8\u7ee7\u6536\u590d\u897f\u6c99\u3001\u5357\u6c99\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u6d3e\u5175\u957f\u671f\u9a7b\u5b88\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u897f\u6c99\u7fa4\u5c9b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6c38\u5174\u5c9b\u548c\u4e2d\u5efa\u5c9b\u3001\u5357\u6c99\u7fa4\u5c9b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u592a\u5e73\u5c9b\u548c\u4e2d\u4e1a\u5c9b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u8fd94\u8258\u519b\u8230\u5f97\u540d\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u5730\u56fe\u5f00\u7586\u201d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

1947\u5e74\uff0c\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5185\u653f\u90e8\u516c\u5e03\u300a\u5357\u6d77\u8bf8\u5c9b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u56fe\u300b\uff0c\u56fe\u4e2d\u753b\u51fa\u4e86\u201c11\u6bb5\u7ebf\u201d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5357\u6d77\u6d77\u57df\u7586\u754c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u575a\u6301\u7684\u5357\u6d77\u4e3b\u6743\u201c\u4e5d\u6bb5\u7ebf\u201d\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u961f\u4e00\u76f4\u9a7b\u5b88\u897f\u6c99\uff0c\u76f4\u52301950\u5e748\u6708\u6d77\u5357\u5c9b\u6613\u624b\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u897f\u6c99\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5b88\u519b\u201c\u8d77\u4e49\u201d\u5f52\u987a\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u897f\u6c99\u5374\u6084\u6084\u64a4\u5b88\uff0c\u53c8\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u5730\u56fe\u5f00\u7586\u201d\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u88ab\u5357\u8d8a\u8d81\u865a\u5360\u636e\uff0c\u76f4\u52301974\u5e74\uff0c\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u624d\u53c8\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u897f\u6c99\u4e4b\u6218\u201d\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u6536\u590d\u4e86\u897f\u6c99\u5404\u5c9b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81f3\u4e8e\u5357\u6c99\uff0c\u867d\u7ecf\u5927\u9646\u653f\u6743\u66f4\u8fed\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3b\u5c9b\u592a\u5e73\u5c9b\u4e00\u76f4\u7531\u56fd\u519b-\u53f0\u519b\u9a7b\u5b88\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4eca\u5929\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u5357\u6c99\u60df\u4e00\u5b9e\u9645\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u53ef\u5c45\u5c9b\u5c7f\u2014\u2014\u5c3d\u7ba1\u60df\u4e00\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u6700\u5927\u5c9b\u5c7f\uff0c\u4ecd\u662f\u575a\u6301\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u6709\u529b\u6839\u636e\u3002\u800c\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u7531\u4e8e\u6d77\u9632\u8584\u5f31\uff0c\u6709\u9650\u7684\u6d77\u9632\u529b\u91cf\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u53f0\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5728\u5357\u6c99\u4e0d\u4ec5\u519b\u4e8b\u4e0a\u97ad\u957f\u83ab\u53ca\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6e14\u6c11\uff0c\u4e5f\u7531\u4e8e1956\u5e74\u540e\u653f\u5e9c\u5b9e\u884c\u7981\u6d77\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u7edd\u8ff9\u4e8e\u5357\u6c99\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f4\u52301986\u5e74\u653f\u5e9c\u89e3\u7981\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6e14\u6c11\u201c\u91cd\u8fd4\u5357\u6c99\u6d77\u57df\u63a2\u8def\u65f6\u624d\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u5df2\u662f\u8d8a\u5357\u7b49\u56fd\u7684\u5929\u4e0b\u201d\uff08\u8d75\u53f6\u82f9\uff1a\u300a\u5357\u6d77\u4e2d\u56fd\u6e14\u6c11\u76f4\u9762\u5916\u56fd\u519b\u8230\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u5148\u9a71\u5bfc\u62a5\u300b 2011\u5e746\u670817\u65e5\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u57281988\u5e74\u91cd\u8fd4\u5357\u6c99\u65f6\uff0c\u9664\u592a\u5e73\u5c9b\u4ee5\u5916\u6240\u6709\u81ea\u7136\u5c9b\u5c7f\u90fd\u5df2\u843d\u5165\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e4b\u624b\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u9a7b\u5b88\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u5de5\u589e\u9ad8\u624d\u80fd\u5f85\u4eba\u7684\u7901\u76d8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u8c08\u8c08\u5357\u6d77\u8bf8\u5c9b\u4e2d\u73b0\u5728\u4e89\u8bae\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e0d\u592a\u53d7\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e1c\u6c99\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u4e1c\u6c99\u7fa4\u5c9b\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u6c99\u5c9b\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u51e0\u5904\u6697\u7901\uff0c\u867d\u975e\u8206\u8bba\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u662f\u5357\u6d77\u8bf8\u5c9b\u4e2d\u81ea\u7136\u9762\u79ef\u6700\u5927\u3001\u79bb\u5927\u9646\u6700\u8fd1\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0e\u56fd\u9632\u4ef7\u503c\u4e5f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5c9b\u5c7f\u3002\u8be5\u5c9b\u4e8e\u6e05\u672b\u66fe\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u7a83\u5360\uff0c\u5984\u540d\u201c\u897f\u6cfd\u5c9b\u201d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8d4e\u56de\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u65f6\u65e0\u529b\u9a7b\u9632\uff0c\u53c8\u88ab\u65e5\u672c\u6d6a\u4eba\u4fb5\u5c45\u3002<\/p>\n

1925\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u6c5f\u5b9d\u5bb9\u4e2d\u6821\u7387\u5175\u9a71\u9010\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u540e\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u6d3e\u5175\u957f\u9a7b\u3002\u6297\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u4e1c\u6c99\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u6d77\u519b\u653b\u9677\u30021945\u5e745\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6218\u573a\u7684\u7f8e\u519b\u51fb\u8d25\u65e5\u5bc7\uff0c\u653b\u514b\u4e1c\u6c99\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u4ea4\u8fd8\u4e2d\u56fd\u30021946\u5e746\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u767b\u5c9b\u63a5\u6536\uff0c1949\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u53f0\u6e7e\u519b\u961f\u9a7b\u5b88\u81f3\u4eca\u3002<\/p>\n

1950\u5e74\u6d77\u5357\u5c9b\u89e3\u653e\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5b88\u519b\u548c\u515a\u653f\u4eba\u5458\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u64a4\u5230\u4e86\u53f0\u6e7e\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5468\u8fb9\u5357\u6d77\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u7559\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e9b\u636e\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u4e1c\u8fb9\u7684\u4e1c\u6c99\u3001\u5357\u8fb9\u7684\u897f\u6c99\u548c\u897f\u8fb9\u7684\u6d6e\u6c34\u6d32\u5c9b\u3002\u897f\u6c99\u3001\u4e1c\u6c99\u540e\u6765\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5df2\u5982\u524d\u8ff0\uff0c\u6d6e\u6c34\u6d32\u4e8e1955\u5e74\u6613\u624b\uff0c\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u9a71\u9010\u4e86\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u5c9b\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u515a\u653f\u519b\u673a\u6784\u3002\u4f46\u4e00\u5e74\u534a\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9762\u79ef\u7b49\u4e8e\u897f\u6c99\u5357\u6c99\u603b\u548c\uff085\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff09\u3001\u4f4d\u5c45\u5317\u90e8\u6e7e\u6d77\u6743\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57fa\u70b9\u7684\u5c9b\u5c7f\uff0c\u88ab\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8d8a\u5357\uff08\u8d8a\u5357\u6539\u540d\u767d\u9f99\u5c3e\u5c9b\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5357\u6d77\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c9b\u5c7f\uff0c\u9646\u5730\u9762\u79ef\u867d\u53ea\u662f\u5f39\u4e38\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u4f46\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6743\u57fa\u70b9\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6d77\u7586\u5374\u5e7f\u8fbe\u4e0a\u767e\u4e07\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u9646\u67b6\u4e0e\u4e13\u5c5e\u6d77\u57df\u90fd\u9010\u6e10\u4e3b\u6743\u5316\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u524d\u9014\u6781\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u800c\u6211\u56fd\u4eca\u65e5\u5728\u5357\u6d77\u4e3b\u6743\u6597\u4e89\u4e2d\u6301\u6709\u7684\u6001\u52bf\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u8981\u62dc\u6258\u6297\u6218\u540e\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6d6e\u6c34\u6d32\u8ba9\u4e0e\u8d8a\u5357\u3001\u5357\u6c99\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5c9b\u5c7f\u88ab\u5468\u8fb9\u5404\u56fd\u63a7\u5236\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9057\u4ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u897f\u6c99\u3001\u4e1c\u6c99\u548c\u5357\u6c99\u7684\u592a\u5e73\u5c9b\u53ca\u82e5\u5e72\u7901\u76d8\uff0c\u603b\u7b97\u7559\u5728\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u624b\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6b64\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5171\u5185\u6218\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u8d25\u519b\u9000\u81f3\u4e2d\u7f05\u8fb9\u5883\u4e89\u8bae\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u6297\u6218\u540e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u5728\u5357\u6bb5\u8fb9\u5883\u7684\u679c\u6562\u3001\u4f64\u5c71\u4e00\u5e26\u548c\u5317\u6bb5\u7684\u514b\u94a6\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u6218\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c1952\u5e74\uff0c\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u4e5f\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f53\u65f6\u56fd\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e0e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4f5c\u6218\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u7f05\u5317\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u5171\u4e24\u519b\u548c\u5404\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u52bf\u529b\u5404\u636e\u4e00\u65b9\u7684\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u70b9\u5916\uff0c\u7f05\u7538\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u8fb9\u5883\u51e0\u65e0\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u6765\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u8c08\u5224\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u57fa\u672c\u4ee5\u4e2d\u7f05\u6bb5\u9ea6\u514b\u9a6c\u6d2a\u7ebf\u548c\u201c1941\u5e74\u7ebf\u201d\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u4e86\u7f05\u65b9\u5bf9\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4e89\u8bae\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7247\u9a6c\u548c\u73ed\u6d2a\u4e24\u4e2a\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u6297\u82f1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u66fe\u5bfc\u81f4\u8206\u8bba\u6cb8\u817e\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u4eba\u5fc3\u4e2d\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u5728\u5176\u4f59\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5e94\u7f05\u7538\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u64a4\u56de\u4e861952\u5e74\u540e\u8fdb\u9a7b\u7684\u89e3\u653e\u519b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u64a4\u519b\u540e\u7f05\u7538\u653f\u5e9c\u4ecd\u7136\u65e0\u529b\u586b\u8865\u771f\u7a7a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e94\u7f05\u65b9\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u51fa\u5175\u4e89\u8bae\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u51fb\u8d25\u4e86\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u519b\u961f\uff0c\u518d\u628a\u5730\u65b9\u79fb\u4ea4\u7f05\u7538\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u800c\u5728\u4e8c\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u524d\u5915\u7684\u96c5\u5c14\u5854\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u540c\u6837\u8981\u6c42\u7ee7\u627f\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4fb5\u534e\u9057\u4ea7\uff1a\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u4e0d\u51bb\u6e2f\u65c5\u987a\u3001\u5927\u8fde\u548c\u4e2d\u957f\u94c1\u8def\uff08\u539f\u4e2d\u4e1c\u94c1\u8def\u548c\u6ee1\u94c1\u7684\u603b\u548c\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u627f\u8ba4\u8499\u53e4\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u65e5\u4f5c\u6218\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\uff08\u7f8e\u3001\u82f1\u5728\u5bf9\u65e5\u4f5c\u6218\u4e2d\uff0c\u727a\u7272\u6bd4\u82cf\u8054\u5927\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u4e0d\u6562\u505a\u5982\u6b64\u8981\u6c42\uff09<\/p>\n

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\u7f8e\u3001\u82f1\u4e3a\u51cf\u5c11\u81ea\u5df1\u58eb\u5175\u7684\u4f24\u4ea1\uff0c\u5c45\u7136\u7b54\u5e94\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5165\u8d8a\u53d7\u964d\u65f6\u201c\u5201\u96be\u201d\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u5374\u4ecd\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6297\u82cf\u8054\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u96c5\u5c14\u5854\u4f1a\u8bae\u540e\u7b7e\u8ba2\u7684\u4e2d\u82cf\u6761\u7ea6\uff0c\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u6297\u6218\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u56fd\u803b\u30011942\u5e74\u4e2d\u7f8e\u4e2d\u82f1\u5e9f\u9664\u65e7\u7ea6\u540e\uff0c\u65b0\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u60df\u4e00\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6761\u7ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

1949\u5e74\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4ecd\u60f3\u6cbf\u88ad\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u7ea6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5144\u5f1f\u515a\u638c\u6743\u540e\u7684\u65b0\u751f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u76df\u56fd\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u4e0d\u793a\u597d\u662f\u8bf4\u4e0d\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u30021949\u5e7412\u67089\u65e5\u52301950 \u5e742\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u653e\u4e0b\u65b0\u5efa\u653f\u6743\u767e\u5e9f\u5f85\u4e3e\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u534a\u6708\u4e4b\u4e45\u7684\u9a6c\u62c9\u677e\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5176\u95f4\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u6ce2\u6298\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u5df2\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u6700\u540e\u7b54\u5e94\u4e86\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u53e6\u8ba2\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u300a\u4e2d\u82cf\u53cb\u597d\u540c\u76df\u4e92\u52a9\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u653e\u5f03\u4e861945\u5e74\u4e2d\u82cf\u6761\u7ea6\u4e2d\u652b\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6743\u76ca\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4ee5\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u63a5\u53d7\u96c5\u5c14\u5854\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6362\u5f97\u82cf\u8054\u627f\u8bfa\u4e8e1952\u5e74\u5f52\u8fd8\u65c5\u987a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c3d\u5feb\u4ea4\u8fd8\u5927\u8fde\u4e0e\u4e2d\u957f\u94c1\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u65af\u5927\u6797\u5bf9\u6b64\u975e\u5e38\u607c\u706b\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u6c88\u5fd7\u534e\u6559\u6388\u6839\u636e\u6863\u6848\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u540c\u610f\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u7acb\u5373\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4ed6\u6b64\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u53cd\u5bf9\u91d1\u65e5\u6210\u5bf9\u5357\u65b9\u7528\u5175\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u91d1\u65e5\u6210\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u52a8\u6218\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u4e45\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u88ab\u5377\u5165\uff08\u6309\u6c88\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u6d88\u65af\u5927\u6797\u7684\u706b\uff0c\u201c\u633d\u6551\u4e2d\u82cf\u540c\u76df\u201d\uff09\u3002\u5230\u4e861952\u5e74\uff0c\u6218\u4e89\u4ecd\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u8981\u631f\u8bf4\u6211\u8981\u6309\u7ea6\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u64a4\u51fa\u65c5\u987a\u4e86\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u4ecd\u5728\u6253\u4ed7\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u50cf\u6837\u7684\u6d77\u519b\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u9632\u5b88\u65c5\u987a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u8bf7\u6c42\u82cf\u8054\u4e0d\u8981\u64a4\u3002\u65af\u5927\u6797\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u64a4\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e0d\u8ba9\u6211\u64a4\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u518d\u7b7e\u4e2a\u534f\u5b9a\u3002\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u534f\u5b9a\u7b7e\u4e86\u5c31\u60e8\u4e86\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7ee7\u7eed\u79df\u7528\u65c5\u987a\u6e2f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u65af\u5927\u6797\u8fd8\u662f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6c88\u5fd7\u534e\uff1a\u300a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8bbf\u82cf\u8f76\u95fb\u300b\uff0c2011\u5e741\u67087\u65e5\u6587\u53f2\u5927\u8bb2\u5802\uff09<\/p>\n

\u5e78\u4e8f\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4e00\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u5c31\u53bb\u4e16\u4e86\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4e0a\u53f0\u7684\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u7acb\u8db3\u672a\u7a33\uff0c\u8981\u8ddf\u4e2d\u56fd\u62c9\u5173\u7cfb\u5957\u8fd1\u4e4e\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u4e8e1955\u5e74\u4e3b\u52a8\u4ea4\u56de\u4e86\u65c5\u987a\u6e2f\uff0c\u64a4\u56de\u4e86\u9a7b\u534e\u82cf\u519b\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u82cf\u8054\u9ad8\u5c42\u5185\u90e8\u5bf9\u6b64\u662f\u6709\u5f02\u8bae\u7684\uff0c\u5f3a\u786c\u7684\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u53cd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7acb\u573a\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ece\u4e2d\u82cf\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5e94\u5f53\u80af\u5b9a\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u7684\u201c\u4fee\u6b63\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u9996\u5148\u4fee\u6b63\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u96c5\u5c14\u5854\u4f53\u7cfb\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u534e\u76db\u987f\u4f1a\u8bae\u4fee\u6b63\u5df4\u9ece\u548c\u4f1a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

1942 \u5e74\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u6709\u610f\u6295\u9760\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u76db\u4e16\u624d\uff0c\u773c\u89c1\u82cf\u8054\u5728\u82cf\u5fb7\u6218\u4e89\u521d\u671f\u4e25\u91cd\u5931\u5229\uff0c\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5bf9\u82cf\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u53cd\u6b63\u201c\u5185\u5411\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u9996\u9f20\u4e24\u7aef\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5f53\u673a\u7acb\u65ad\uff0c\u51fa\u5175\u65b0\u7586\uff0c\u76db\u4e16\u624d\u53cd\u6094\u4e0d\u6210\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u60bb\u60bb\u800c\u9000\uff0c\u6c11\u56fd\u56fd\u65d7\u9042\u53d6\u4ee3\u201c\u516d\u661f\u65d7\u201d\u98d8\u626c\u5929\u5c71\u5357\u5317\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u516d\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u56fd\u571f\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u8131\u79bb\u5317\u6781\u718a\u4e4b\u638c\u4e0b\u3002 \uff08\u5357\u65b9\u5468\u672b\u8d44\u6599\u56fe\uff09<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u7586\u201c\u5185\u5411\u201d\u53ca\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u53cd\u6251\uff1a\u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e1c\u7a81\u201d\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u6297\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u9664\u6297\u65e5\u5916\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u56fd\u6743\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u6210\u679c\u548c\u968f\u540e\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u8fd8\u662f\u65b0\u7586\u7684\u5185\u9644\u53ca\u968f\u540e\u7684\u98ce\u6ce2\u3002<\/p>\n

1942\u5e74\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0e\u5e9f\u9664\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u6761\u7ea6\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u201c\u6709\u5fc3\u4f7f\u65b0\u7586\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u6295\u9760\u82cf\u8054\u201d\uff08\u6c88\u5fd7\u534e\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u82cf\u7ed3\u76df\u4e0e\u82cf\u8054\u5bf9\u65b0\u7586\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff081944-1950\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u300b1999\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\uff09\u7684\u76db\u4e16\u624d\uff0c\u773c\u89c1\u82cf\u8054\u5728\u82cf\u5fb7\u6218\u4e89\u521d\u671f\u4e25\u91cd\u5931\u5229\uff0c\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5bf9\u82cf\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u6709\u610f\u53cd\u6b63\u201c\u5185\u5411\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u9996\u9f20\u4e24\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5f53\u673a\u7acb\u65ad\uff0c\u51fa\u5175\u65b0\u7586\uff0c\u76db\u4e16\u624d\u53cd\u6094\u4e0d\u6210\uff0c\u82cf\u519b\u60bb\u60bb\u800c\u9000\uff0c\u6c11\u56fd\u56fd\u65d7\u9042\u53d6\u4ee3\u201c\u516d\u661f\u65d7\u201d\u98d8\u626c\u5929\u5c71\u5357\u5317\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u516d\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u56fd\u571f\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u8131\u79bb\u5317\u6781\u718a\u4e4b\u638c\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76db\u4e16\u624d\u8131\u82cf\u5185\u9644\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u76ca\u548c\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8bb2\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u91cd\u65b0\u843d\u5b9e\u65b0\u7586\u4e3b\u6743\u3001\u4fdd\u536b\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u76ca\u3001\u62b5\u5236\u5916\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u9632\u6b62\u5916\u90e8\u52bf\u529b\u5206\u79bb\u65b0\u7586\u5730\u533a\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u6211\u56fd\u5b66\u754c\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u5171\u8bc6\u7684\uff08\u738b\u5efa\u6717\uff1a\u300a\u8bd5\u8bba\u6297\u6218\u540e\u671f\u7684\u65b0\u7586\u5185\u5411\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u3008\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u65e5\u8bb0\u3009\u7684\u518d\u63a2\u8ba8\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u664b\u9633\u5b66\u520a\u300b2011\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f\uff09\u3002\u65e0\u602a\u4e4e\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u81ea\u8c6a\u5730\u5ba3\u79f0\uff1a\u65b0\u7586\u5f52\u987a\u4e2d\u592e\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u81ea\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\u6700\u5927\u4e4b\u6210\u529f\u201d\uff08\u53e4\u5c4b\u594e\u4e8c\uff1a\u300a\u848b\u603b\u7edf\u79d8\u5f55\u300b\u7b2c13\u518c\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u4e2d\u592e\u65e5\u62a5\u793e1977\u5e74\u7248\uff0c64\u9875\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u540e\u6765\u82cf\u8054\u4e00\u5ea6\u53cd\u6251\uff0c\u4f46\u65b0\u7586\u5f52\u6211\u7684\u5927\u52bf\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u77e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82cf\u8054\u5bf9\u6b64\u5e76\u4e0d\u7518\u5fc3\u30021944\u5e74\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u7b56\u52a8\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u201c\u4e1c\u571f\u8033\u5176\u65af\u5766\uff08\u6216\u8bd1\u4e1c\u7a81\u53a5\u65af\u5766\uff09\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u201d\u6b66\u88c5\u8d77\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u82cf\u8054\u4eba\u88c5\u5907\u548c\u6307\u6325\u7684\u3001\u62e5\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u5766\u514b\u3001\u70ae\u5175\u548c\u9a91\u5175\u7684\u201c\u4e1c\u571f\uff08\u4e1c\u7a81\uff09\u6c11\u65cf\u519b\u201d\uff0c\u6b66\u5668\u7cbe\u826f\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6709\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u82cf\u8fb9\u5883\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u201c\u4e09\u533a\u201d\uff08\u4f0a\u7281\u3001\u5854\u57ce\u3001\u963f\u52d2\u6cf0\uff09\uff0c\u5411\u65b0\u7586\u5185\u5730\u957f\u9a71\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u6c49\u65cf\u5c45\u6c11\u906d\u5230\u91ce\u86ee\u5c60\u6740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u5c31\u50cf\u6297\u6218\u65f6\u9762\u5bf9\u4f18\u52bf\u65e5\u519b\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u82f1\u52c7\u62b5\u6297\uff0c\u727a\u7272\u60e8\u91cd\u3002\u800c\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u4e1c\u571f\u8033\u5176\u65af\u5766\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u201d\uff08\u5982\u4eca\u56fd\u9645\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u591a\u628a\u5b83\u79f0\u4e3a\u7ee7\u665a\u6e05\u963f\u53e4\u67cf\u521d\u7acb\u201c\u4e1c\u7a81\u201d\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e1c\u7a81\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u533a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u53cd\u534e\u6392\u6c49\u7684\u653f\u6743\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u56fd\u65d7\u56fd\u5fbd\uff0c\u53d1\u884c\u4e86\u8d27\u5e01\u3001\u90ae\u7968\u3002<\/p>\n

\u52301946\u5e74\uff0c\u4e1c\u571f\u6c11\u65cf\u519b\u4e00\u76f4\u6253\u5230\u8fea\u5316\uff08\u4eca\u4e4c\u9c81\u6728\u9f50\uff09\u897f\u90ca\u7684\u739b\u7eb3\u65af\u6cb3\uff0c\u773c\u770b\u65b0\u7586\u5c31\u8981\u6210\u4e3a\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u56ca\u4e2d\u4e4b\u7269\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u4e2d\u4e9a\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u52a0\u76df\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u540e\u6765\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u5357\u4eac\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u91c7\u53d6\u201c\u4e00\u9762\u5012\u201d\u7684\u540c\u76df\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u5144\u5f1f\u515a\u201d\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u201c\u5144\u5f1f\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u4e5f\u5c31\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5bf9\u65b0\u7586\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c1949\u5e74\uff0c\u201c\u4e1c\u571f\u6c11\u65cf\u519b\u201d\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u73ed\u5b50\u5728\u4e58\u82cf\u8054\u98de\u673a\u8d74\u5317\u4eac\u8c08\u5224\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u8499\u53e4\u5883\u5185\u5760\u673a\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u9047\u96be\uff0c\u4f59\u4e0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u7387\u90e8\u4e0e\u5165\u7586\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u201c\u4f1a\u5e08\u201d\u540e\uff0c\u6539\u7f16\u6210\u9a7b\u7586\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u7b2c5\u519b\uff0c\u65b0\u7586\u95ee\u9898\u9042\u544a\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u4e0d\u5c11\u8bba\u8005\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u662f1949\u5e74\u9769\u547d\u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4fdd\u4f4f\u4e86\u65b0\u7586\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u4fdd\u4f4f\u65b0\u7586\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u82cf\u8054\u5bf9\u4e8e1949\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u548c\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u653f\u6743\u6001\u5ea6\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5bf9\u65b0\u7586\u653f\u7b56\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u6709\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e00\u6539\u53d8\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u201c\u62d0\u70b9\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u57281949\u5e74\u3002\u65e9\u57281946\u5e74\u4e1c\u571f\u6c11\u65cf\u519b\u4ee5\u5e2d\u5377\u4e4b\u52bf\u6253\u5230\u739b\u7eb3\u65af\u6cb3\u65f6\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u5c31\u8ba9\u5b83\u6536\u7f30\u5239\u8f66\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u4e0e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u65b0\u7586\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u8c08\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u201c\u4e1c\u571f\u9769\u547d\u201d\u662f\u8054\u5171\uff08\u5e03\uff09\u5f53\u5730\u6c11\u65cf\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08\u5373\u82cf\u8054\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u6c11\u65cf\u4e2d\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff09\u548c\u5f53\u5730\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0d\u6cdb\u7a81\u53a5\u4e3b\u4e49-\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u529b\u91cf\u8054\u76df\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002 \u201c\u9769\u547d\u201d\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u53d1\u73b0\u524d\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u628a\u63e1\u64cd\u63a7\u540e\u8005\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0d\u6cdb\u7a81\u53a5\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u503e\u5411\u4e25\u91cd\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5219\u82cf\u8054\u4e0d\u4f46\u6ca1\u628a\u63e1\u6d88\u5316\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u4e1c\u571f\u8033\u5176\u65af\u5766\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u201d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u201c\u4e1c\u571f\u201d\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\uff0d\u6cdb\u7a81\u53a5\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u4e2d\u4e9a\u5404\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u65e7\u6709\u7684\u540c\u7c7b\u52bf\u529b\u9020\u6210\u6fc0\u52b1\u3001\u5f62\u6210\u547c\u5e94\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u82cf\u8054\u5bf9\u4e2d\u4e9a\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82df\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u6765\u8bf4\u90a3\u5c31\u5f04\u5de7\u6210\u62d9\u3001\u642c\u8d77\u77f3\u5934\u7838\u81ea\u5df1\u811a\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u82cf\u8054\u57281946\u5e74\u524d\u5c31\u6539\u53d8\u4e3b\u610f\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u8ffd\u6c42\u6253\u4e0b\u5168\u7586\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u4e1c\u571f\u72ec\u7acb\u5efa\u56fd\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b81\u53ef\u627f\u8ba4\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u65b0\u7586\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u519b\u201d\u4ee5\u65e2\u6210\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e3a\u7b79\u7801\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8ba8\u4ef7\u8fd8\u4ef7\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f46\u9ad8\u5ea6\u201c\u81ea\u6cbb\u201d\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u76db\u4e16\u624d\u65f6\u4ee3\uff09\u5e76\u80fd\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u4fdd\u969c\u82cf\u8054\u5728\u65b0\u7586\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u201c\u8054\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u4e1c\u571f\u9769\u547d\u201d\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u4e09\u533a\u9769\u547d\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e8e\u6b21\u5e74\u4e0e\u5f20\u6cbb\u4e2d\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u7586\u5f53\u5c40\u8c08\u5224\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8fbe\u6210\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4ee5\u5357\u4eac\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e3a\u9996\u3001\u4eb2\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u4e0e\u4eb2\u5357\u4eac\u7684\u4e24\u6d3e\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u4ee3\u8868\u53c2\u52a0\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u7586\u7701\u8054\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u3002<\/p>\n

1960\u5e74\u4ee3\u65b0\u7586\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6700\u540e\u89e3\u51b3<\/p>\n

1950\u5e74\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u5165\u7586\u540e\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4eba\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u4e09\u533a\u9769\u547d\u201d\u52bf\u529b\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u7a7a\u96be\u4e2d\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u4e3b\u8981\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u3001\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u5bf9\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u6bd4\u65e7\u4e2d\u56fd\u66f4\u8fd1\u4e4e\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u64cd\u63a7\u5176\u6311\u6218\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u65b0\u7586\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u5f31\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u51cf\u5f31\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u52a8\u673a\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u8fdb\u884c\u5e72\u6d89\u7684\u201c\u80fd\u529b\u201d\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u5728\u65b0\u7586\u7684\u201c\u7279\u6b8a\u5730\u4f4d\u201d\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6743\u66f4\u8fed\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u5316\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u524a\u5f31\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u65b0\u7586\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u6218\u7565\u77ff\u4ea7\u5728\u201c\u4e2d\u82cf\u8054\u5408\u516c\u53f8\u201d\u540d\u4e49\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e4e\u5c31\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u201c\u79df\u754c\u201d\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u8fd8\u6cbf\u88ad\u76db\u4e16\u624d\u7684\u65e7\u5236\uff0c\u5728\u65b0\u7586\u8bbe\u6709\u4e4c\u9c81\u6728\u9f50\u3001\u5580\u4ec0\u3001\u4f0a\u7281\u3001\u5854\u57ce\u3001\u963f\u52d2\u6cf05\u4e2a\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u522b\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7701\u7ea7\u884c\u653f\u533a\u8bbe\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u7684\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e8c\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd95\u4e2a\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5e03\u5168\u7586\u7684\u201c\u82cf\u4fa8\u534f\u4f1a\u201d\uff0c\u9886\u5bfc\u7740\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u4e07\u201c\u82cf\u4fa8\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd8\u5728\u6781\u529b\u53d1\u5c55\u65b0\u201c\u4fa8\u6c11\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u82cf\u4fa8\u7531\u4e8e\u79ef\u6781\u53c2\u52a0\u201c\u4e09\u533a\u9769\u547d\u201d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u90fd\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u8d44\u672c\uff0c\u57281949\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u65b0\u7586\u515a\u653f\u519b\u5e72\u90e8\u961f\u4f0d\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5360\u6709\u4e0e\u5176\u4eba\u6570\u4e0d\u76f8\u79f0\u7684\u5927\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u9ad8\u4e8e\u6c49\u65cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u201c\u4e09\u533a\u9769\u547d\u201d\u7684\u201c\u8001\u89e3\u653e\u533a\u201d\uff08\u5373\u4f0a\u7281\u3001\u5854\u57ce\u3001\u963f\u52d2\u6cf0\uff09\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u515a\u653f\u519b\u6587\u6559\u961f\u4f0d\u4e2d\u5927\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5728\u201c\u4f0a\u5854\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u5927\u90fd\u7528\u7684\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u6559\u6750\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u6709\u751a\u8005\uff0c1949\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7531\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u519b\u201d\u6613\u5e1c\u800c\u6765\u7684\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u7b2c5\u519b\uff0c\u4ecd\u662f\u5728\u7586\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u529b\u6700\u5f3a\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u652f\u519b\u961f\u7684\u519b\u957f\u4f0a\u4e07\u8bfa\u7ef4\u5947\u00b7\u5217\u65af\u80af\uff0c\u662f\u82cf\u519b\u4e2d\u5c06\uff0c\u82cf\u5171\u515a\u5458\uff0c\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u65cf\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5e08\u56e2\u4e3b\u5b98\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u6709\u82cf\u8054\u56fd\u7c4d\uff08\u540e\u6765\u662f\u53cc\u91cd\u56fd\u7c4d\uff09\uff0c\u515a\u7c4d\u4e5f\u662f\u6613\u5e1c\u540e\u624d\u7531\u82cf\u5171\u8f6c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\uff08\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u662f\u201c\u53cc\u91cd\u515a\u7c4d\u201d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6613\u5e1c\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u6d3e\u53bb\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u5165\u7586\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u6c49\u65cf\u653f\u59d4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u201c\u6539\u7f16\u6c11\u65cf\u519b\u201d\u53ef\u4e0d\u50cf\u6539\u7f16\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u201c\u8d77\u4e49\u90e8\u961f\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u8981\u770b\u201c\u82cf\u8054\u8001\u5927\u54e5\u201d\u7684\u773c\u8272\u7684\u3002\u76f4\u5230 1953\u5e74\u5217\u65af\u80af\u8c03\u56de\u82cf\u8054\uff0c1954\u5e74\u7b2c5\u519b\u88ab\u64a4\u9500\u756a\u53f7\uff0c\u6539\u4e3a\u519c\u57a6\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u201c\u82cf\u8054\u519b\u5b98\u9886\u5bfc\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u7586\u9a7b\u519b\u7cbe\u9510\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u624d\u57fa\u672c\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u519b\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u82cf\u8054\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u5c06\u9886\uff0c\u5982\u9a6c\u5c14\u679c\u592b\u00b7\u4f0a\u65af\u54c8\u79d1\u592b\u3001\u7956\u519c\u592a\u4e5f\u592b\u7b49\u4ecd\u5728\u65b0\u7586\u519b\u533a\u4efb\u9ad8\u5b98\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f531949\uff0d1950\u5e74\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e2d\u56fd\u7387\u56e2\u8bbf\u82cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u884c\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u7586\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u201d\u4e5f\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u201c\u82cf\u65b0\u53cc\u65b9\u201d\u8fd8\u5728\u8c08\u5224\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u201c\u534f\u8bae\u201d\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u867d\u7ecf\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u575a\u6301\u5173\u4e8e\u65b0\u7586\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6761\u7ea6\u5fc5\u987b\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u82cf\u8054\u7b7e\u8ba2\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u6b21\u8981\u7684\u201d\uff08\u5982\u6587\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u7684\uff09\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u201c\u82cf\u65b0\u53cc\u65b9\u201d\u7b7e\u7f72\u7684\uff01\uff08\u6c88\u5fd7\u534e\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u82cf\u7ed3\u76df\u4e0e\u82cf\u8054\u5bf9\u65b0\u7586\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff081944-1950\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u8fd1\u4ee3\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u300b1999\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\uff09<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3a\u82cf\u8054\u548c\u201c\u9635\u8425\u201d\u51fa\u4e86\u5927\u529b\uff0c\u4ed8\u4e86\u8840\u672c\uff0c\u6362\u5f97\u4e86\u65af\u5927\u6797\u7684\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e1953\u5e74\u65af\u5927\u6797\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f3a\u4eba\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u65b0\u9886\u5bfc\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u6743\u529b\u8981\u501f\u91cd\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u5c31\u5f97\u4ee5\u501f\u673a\u8981\u6c42\u82cf\u8054\u6536\u7f29\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u653f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5bf9\u65b0\u7586\u3001\u4e1c\u5317\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u9063\u8fd4\u82cf\u4fa8\u3001\u52a8\u5458\u82cf\u4fa8\u5e72\u90e8\u201c\u9000\u7c4d\u201d\uff08\u5373\u9000\u51fa\u82cf\u8054\u56fd\u7c4d\u52a0\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u7c4d\uff0c\u6216\u653e\u5f03\u4e2d\u82cf\u53cc\u91cd\u56fd\u7c4d\u4fdd\u7559\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u7c4d\uff09\u3001\u64a4\u9500\u4e2d\u82cf\u8054\u5408\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u64a4\u9500\u89e3\u653e\u519b\u7b2c5\u519b\uff08\u539f\u6c11\u65cf\u519b\uff09\u73b0\u5f79\u7f16\u5236\u3001\u793c\u9001\u5217\u65af\u80af\u7b49\u82cf\u7c4d\u5c06\u9886\u56de\u56fd\u3001\u6e10\u6b21\u5173\u95ed\u5404\u5730\u82cf\u8054\u9886\u4e8b\u9986\u7b49\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u82cf\u8054\u5728\u65b0\u7586\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u6536\u7f29\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u51cf\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u76f4\u52301962\u5e74\u4f0a\u5854\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u5728\u65b0\u7586\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u201c\u4e09\u533a\u201d\u7684\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5982\u52301960\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7586\u4ecd\u6709\u767b\u8bb0\u5728\u518c\u7684\u82cf\u7c4d\u5e72\u90e81047\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4f0a\u7281\u5dde\u57fa\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u767b\u8bb0\uff0c\u4f46\u52301962\u5e74\u8be5\u5dde\u5374\u62a5\u544a\u6709\u82cf\u7c4d\u5e72\u90e81001\u4eba\u3002\u4f0a\u7281\u5dde\u5dde\u7ea7\u673a\u5173\u548c\u76f4\u5c5e\u53bf\u5e02\u533a\u957f\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5e72\u90e8\u4e2d\uff0c\u672c\u4eba\u662f\u82cf\u4fa8\u548c\u6709\u82cf\u4fa8\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5458\u7684\u8fbe47%\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7ee5\u5b9a\u3001\u970d\u57ce\u4e24\u53bf\u79d1\u3001\u90e8\u957f\u7ea7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5e72\u90e8\u4e2d\uff0c60%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u82cf\u4fa8\u3002\uff08\u674e\u4e39\u6167\uff1a\u300a\u65b0\u7586\u82cf\u8054\u4fa8\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8003\u5bdf\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u300b2003\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\uff09\u8bf4\u5b9e\u8bdd\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u201c\u82cf\u8054\u5080\u5121\u201d\u76db\u4e16\u624d\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u90fd\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u5927\u91cf\u82cf\u8054\u516c\u6c11\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f53\u5b98\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u7ad9\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u201d<\/p>\n

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