{"id":275086,"date":"2013-01-17T18:30:20","date_gmt":"2013-01-18T02:30:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/2013\/01\/%e7%ba%bd%e7%ba%a6%e6%97%b6%e6%8a%a5-%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e9%ab%98%e7%ad%89%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%a7%e8%b7%83%e8%bf%9b\/"},"modified":"2013-01-17T18:30:20","modified_gmt":"2013-01-18T02:30:20","slug":"%e7%ba%bd%e7%ba%a6%e6%97%b6%e6%8a%a5-%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e9%ab%98%e7%ad%89%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%a7%e8%b7%83%e8%bf%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/275086.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5 | \u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u201c\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<h4>\u6559\u80b2\u9769\u547d<\/h4>\n<h6>\n<span>KEITH BRADSHER<\/span> <span>\u62a5\u9053<\/span>  <span>2013\u5e7401\u670818\u65e5<\/span> <\/h6>\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/17\/business\/SubUniversityjp1\/SubUniversityjp1-articleLarge.jpg\" alt=\"\" height=\"380\" width=\"600\" \/><\/div>\n<p>Sim Chi Yin for The New York Times<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8bfe\u95f4\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb10\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6570\u91cf\u7ffb\u4e86\u4e00\u756a\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u52302020\u5e74\u67091.95\u4ebf\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e09\u4e9a\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\uff08\u97f3\u8bd1\uff09\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u4e0a\u5b8c\u5c0f\u5b66\u516d\u5e74\u7ea7\u540e\u8f8d\u4e86\u5b66\u3002\u5979\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u5144\u5f1f\u59d0\u59b9\u517110\u4eba\uff0c \u4ece\u672a\u4e0a\u8fc7\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f20\u5c81\u7684\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u5374\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5168\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6269\u62db\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ee3\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7edd\u65e0\u4ec5\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n\t    <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/14\/business\/University-slide-VK67\/University-slide-VK67-popup.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><i><\/i>\u6309\u56fe\u653e\u5927<\/a><br \/>\n    <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/14\/business\/University-slide-VK67\/University-slide-VK67-popup.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/14\/business\/University-slide-VK67\/University-slide-VK67-articleInline.jpg\" width=\"190\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sim Chi Yin for The New York Times<\/p>\n<p>\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\uff08\u97f3\u8bd1\uff09\u662f\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u8d76\u4e0a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u9ad8\u6821\u6269\u62db\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n\t    <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/14\/business\/University-slide-8VHW\/University-slide-8VHW-popup.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><i><\/i>\u6309\u56fe\u653e\u5927<\/a><br \/>\n    <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/14\/business\/University-slide-8VHW\/University-slide-8VHW-popup.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/14\/business\/University-slide-8VHW\/University-slide-8VHW-articleInline.jpg\" width=\"190\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sim Chi Yin for The New York Times<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u6240\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u7c7b\u9662\u6821\uff0c\u5171\u6709\u4e24\u4e07\u540d\u5728\u6821\u751f\u3002\u6bcf\u5e74\u5b66\u8d39\u7ea61.25\u4e07\u5143\uff0c\u98df\u5bbf\u8d39\u4e3a1.12\u4e07\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n\t    <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/14\/business\/University-slide-OVQZ\/University-slide-OVQZ-popup.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><i><\/i>\u6309\u56fe\u653e\u5927<\/a><br \/>\n    <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/14\/business\/University-slide-OVQZ\/University-slide-OVQZ-popup.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/14\/business\/University-slide-OVQZ\/University-slide-OVQZ-articleInline.jpg\" width=\"190\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sim Chi Yin for The New York Times<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6b63\u5728\u5168\u529b\u6253\u9020\u56fd\u9645\u5546\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n\t    <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/14\/business\/University-slide-31XT\/University-slide-31XT-popup.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><i><\/i>\u6309\u56fe\u653e\u5927<\/a><br \/>\n    <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/14\/business\/University-slide-31XT\/University-slide-31XT-popup.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/graphics8.nytimes.com\/images\/2013\/01\/14\/business\/University-slide-31XT\/University-slide-31XT-articleInline.jpg\" width=\"190\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sim Chi Yin for The New York Times<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u9ad8\u4e2d\u65f6\u6700\u523b\u82e6\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u5b66\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u677e\u53e3\u6c14\uff0c\u53bb\u8ffd\u6c42\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u591a\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>\u624e\u7740\u9a6c\u5c3e\u8fab\u7684\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u5728\u8fd9\u6240\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5357\u65b9\u7684\u65b0\u5927\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u82f1\u8bed\u4e13\u4e1a\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u5979\u8fd8\u5728\u4e1a\u4f59\u65f6\u95f4\u94bb\u7814\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u89c2\u770b\u50cf\u300a\u5438\u8840\u9b3c\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b(The Vampire Diaries)\u548c\u300a\u5168\u7f8e\u8d85\u6a21\u5927\u8d5b\u300b(America\u2019s Next Top Model)\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7f8e\u5267\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5979\u7684\u5fd7\u5411\u5f88\u660e\u786e\uff1a\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u5bb6\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c7d\u8f66\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u7528\u5979\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4ee5\u53ca\u719f\u7ec3\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u80fd\u529b\u4e3a\u516c\u53f8\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5411\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u4f9b\u5e94\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u8282\u80fd\u9ad8\u6548\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\u3002\u7ebd\u7ea6\u8ba1\u52122021\u5e74\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6c7d\u8f66\u3002\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u7684\u68a6\u60f3 \uff0c\u201d\u5979\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4f1a\u5168\u529b\u4ee5\u8d74\u53bb\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u4fbf\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u5979\u5927\u5b66\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd8\u6709\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u50cf\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u806a\u660e\u624d\u667a\u548c\u96c4\u5fc3\u62b1\u8d1f\uff0c\u4ec5\u51ed\u4ed6\u4eec\u4eba\u6570\u4e4b\u591a\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u4ee5\u5728\u672a\u6765\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u80a1\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c0f\u89d1\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u6bcf\u5e74\u6295\u51652500\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff08\u7ea6\u54081.56\u4e07\u4ebf\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff09\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u672c\u4e0a\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b50\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u901a\u8fc7\u300a\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u7ed9\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u4e8c\u6218\u8001\u5175\u63d0\u4f9b\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6253\u9020\u4e86\u767d\u9886\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6b63\u6295\u5165\u5927\u7b14\u8d22\u653f\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u5343\u4e07\u4ece\u519c\u6751\u5230\u57ce\u5e02\u6765\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u4e3e\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6539\u53d8\u73b0\u6709\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4ec5\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u53d7\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\u9636\u5c42\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u53d7\u8fc7\u5b8c\u6574\u57f9\u8bad\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u5de5\u4eba\u548c\u519c\u6c11\u5de5\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u57f9\u517b\u66f4\u591a\u53d7\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5347\u7ea7\u53d1\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u8fd1\u6b27\u7f8e\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u6210\u6548\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f85\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u53e3\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u56fa\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u56fd\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8270\u5de8\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u53bb\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u901f\u653e\u7f13\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u5e26\u7740\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u5374\u5f88\u6709\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u96c6\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u7cfb\u80fd\u5426\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u9f13\u52b1\u4e16\u754c\u7ea7\u521b\u9020\u529b\u548c\u521b\u65b0\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd8\u8981\u5e94\u5bf9\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u8150\u8d25\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u50f5\u5316\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u3001\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6076\u5316\u3001\u56fd\u6709\u5784\u65ad\u884c\u4e1a\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u4e0b\u7b49\u5de8\u5927\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u80fd\u514b\u670d\uff0c\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u63d0\u9ad8\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u5927\u519b\u5c06\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4efb\u738b\u8f89\u8000\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u5c06\u63a8\u52a8\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u79d1\u6280\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u65b0\u5174\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ed9\u653f\u5e9c\u65bd\u52a0\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6539\u9769\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ea7\u751f\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8d27\u7269\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8de8\u56fd\u6d41\u901a\uff0c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u4e3a\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u800c\u7ade\u4e89\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6025\u5267\u81a8\u80c0\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u7ed9\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5c31\u4e1a\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u52302015\u5e74\u4e3a\u6b62\u7684\u4e94\u5e74\u8ba1\u5212\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e03\u9879\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u5c55\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u662f\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u5e74\u8f7b\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u4e2d\u5e7f\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u65b0\u5174\u884c\u4e1a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e1a\u5305\u62ec\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u80fd\u6e90\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u6548\u7387\u3001\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u751f\u7269\u79d1\u6280\u3001\u5148\u8fdb\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u3001\u9ad8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u751f\u4ea7\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6df7\u5408\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\u548c\u7535\u52a8\u6c7d\u8f66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6295\u8d4410\u4e07\u4ebf\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u6269\u5927\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e1a\u52302015\u5e74\u65f6\u5360\u7ecf\u6d4e\u603b\u4ea7\u51fa\u76848%\uff0c\u800c\u57282010\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ec5\u4e3a3%\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6269\u62db\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u628a\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u6311\u6218\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5317\u4eac\u5409\u5229\u5927\u5b66\u662f\u7531\u5409\u5229\u6c7d\u8f66\u96c6\u56e2\u8463\u4e8b\u957f\u674e\u4e66\u798f\u57282000\u5e74\u521b\u529e\u7684\u79c1\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u73b0\u6709\u4e24\u4e07\u540d\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f46\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6c7d\u8f66\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u4e66\u798f\u8fd8\u8d5e\u52a9\u5e76\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u6709\u4e24\u4e07\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u7c7b\u9662\u6821\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u5728\u8bfb\u7684\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u3002 \u4ed6\u8fd8\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6545\u4e61\u53f0\u5dde\u5f00\u529e\u4e86\u4e00\u6240\u67095000\u540d\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u84dd\u9886\u5de5\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u7fa4\u4f53\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u53f8\u89ca\u89ce\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u8d44\u6e90\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4ee5\u524d\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bfb\u627e\u4f53\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5219\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u5f97\u8111\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u201d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5546\u4e1a\u65b9\u9762\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u5e08\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e39\u5c3c\u65af\u00b7F.\u00b7\u897f\u8499(Denis F. Simon)\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u8de8\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5305\u62ecIBM\u3001\u901a\u7528\u7535\u6c14\u3001\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u7528\u6c7d\u8f66\u5728\u5185\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u96c7\u4f63\u4e86\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u540d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u770b\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u90a3\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u201d\u524d\u82f1\u56fd\u7535\u4fe1(British Telecom)\u516c\u53f8\u4e9a\u592a\u8fd0\u8425\u90e8\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u51ef\u6587\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2(Kevin Taylor)\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u670913\u4ebf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5c31\u8ba9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u53d1\u5c55\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u53f9\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb10\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u9662\u6821\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u500d\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e862409\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1996\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd17\u5c81\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ea\u6709\u516d\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6bd5\u4e1a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u57281919\u5e74\u65f6\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e94\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u662f\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e03\u5e74\u5185\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u8981\u8d76\u4e0a\u73b0\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd18\u5c81\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u4e2d75%\u7684\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7387\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u65e5\u540e\u8fd4\u6821\u5b8c\u6210\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e1a\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8981\u6bd4\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb10\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u6821\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u56db\u500d\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6bcf\u5e74\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u6821\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u4e3a800\u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0a\u5374\u6bd4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f4e\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u53ea\u6709\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u5374\u6709300\u5927\u4e13\u9662\u6821\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a10\u5e74\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u6709\u8fd11.95\u4ebf\u5927\u4e13\u9662\u6821\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u4eba\u6570\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc71.2\u4ebf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u662f\u4e24\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u79f0\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u6269\u62db\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6559\u6388\u548c\u8bb2\u5e08\u4eba\u624d\u4f9b\u5e94\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b66\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6240\u957f\u80e5\u9752\u5c71\u79f0\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u8ffd\u6c42\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u62db\u751f\u901f\u5ea6\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u5b66\u9662\u6536\u5165\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8d85\u8d1f\u8377\u900f\u652f\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u6709\u9650\u7684\u6559\u6388\u4eba\u624d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2011\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5e2d\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u8bb2\u8bdd\u4e2d\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u5b58\u5728\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u201c\u4eba\u6c11\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u597d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u9886\u5148\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6c34\u5e73\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fd8\u6709\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ece\u4e8b\u54a8\u8be2\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u8d3e\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u94b1\u65af(Giles Chance)\u79f0\uff0c\u6570\u5343\u4e07\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u5236\u9020\u884c\u4e1a\u627e\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u5374\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u533b\u7597\u3001\u9500\u552e\u6216\u5546\u4e1a\u94f6\u884c\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e8c\u6d41\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5bf9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u719f\u6089\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u80fd\u5426\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u57f9\u80b2\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u786c\u4ef6\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e94\u7528\u65b9\u9762\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u3001\u6700\u806a\u660e\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u80fd\u5728\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8dd1\u8f66\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8f66\u95f4\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u65b9\u9762\u8d85\u8fc7\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7684\u786e\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u80fd\u529b\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u7684\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u9762\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u8fd9\u66fe\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9636\u5c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u65e5\u672c\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f46\u65e5\u672c\u540e\u6765\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u671f\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6ce8\u91cd\u5b88\u5206\u800c\u4e0d\u9f13\u52b1\u5f20\u626c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u521b\u65b0\u4e0a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5728\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u548c\u5ec9\u4ef7\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u7528\u5c3d\u4e4b\u540e\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u52bf\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u4f1a\u518d\u6301\u7eed10\u523015\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u77ed\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u768410\u500d\uff0c\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u9886\u57df\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u767d\u9886\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e00\u65e5\u5343\u91cc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u6709\u591a\u5927\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\u6709\u591a\u5feb\uff0c\u5728\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u4e00\u5bb6\u7684\u8eab\u4e0a\u53ef\u89c1\u4e00\u6591\u3002\u5bf9\u5979\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5979\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u5144\u5f1f\u59d0\u59b910\u4eba\uff0c\u6392\u884c\u7b2c\u516b\uff0c1968\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u8d2b\u56f0\u7684\u7701\u4efd\u4e4b\u4e00\u6c5f\u897f\u7701\u5357\u660c\u5e02\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6751\u5b50\u91cc\u3002\u7236\u6bcd\u90fd\u662f\u519c\u6c11\u3002\u5168\u5bb6\u4eba\u4e00\u5929\u53ea\u80fd\u52c9\u5f3a\u5403\u4e00\u987f\u534a\u9971\u3002\u5bb6\u91cc\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b69\u5b50\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0a\u5b66\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u5728\u5185\u3002\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u4ece12\u5c81\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u4e00\u8d77\u5728\u4e34\u8fd1\u7684\u798f\u5efa\u7701\u505a\u5efa\u7b51\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u6bd4\u5979\u7236\u4eb2\u5c0f\u4e24\u5c81\uff0c\u662f\u5f53\u5730\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5e72\u90e8\u7684\u5973\u513f\uff0c\u5176\u7236\u662f\u672c\u6751\u7684\u6751\u652f\u4e66\u76f4\u52301990\u5e74\u3002\u5979\u4e0a\u5b66\u8f83\u665a\uff0c1977\u5e74\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8feb\u5bb3\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u4e03\u5c81\u7684\u5979\u624d\u5165\u5b66\u3002\u516d\u5e74\u540e\u5979\u5c0f\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u968f\u5373\u8f8d\u5b66\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u519c\u6751\u5e38\u6709\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u56de\u6751\u540e\u4e0e\u5979\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u6b21\u5a5a\u59fb\u6700\u521d\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u5973\u65b9\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u5bb6\u5efa\u7b51\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u751f\u610f\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u516d\u5e74\u540e\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u5c31\u4e70\u4e86\u5bb6\u91cc\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f86\u6c7d\u8f66\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u8f86\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u4e86\u4e5d\u5e74\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u798f\u7279\u798f\u514b\u65af\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u51e0\u4ebf\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5f20\u5bb6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u91cd\u89c6\u7269\u8d28\u4e0a\u7684\u5b89\u9038\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u628a\u7cbe\u529b\u548c\u91d1\u94b1\u90fd\u7528\u5728\u4f9b\u5b69\u5b50\u5ff5\u9ad8\u4e2d\u4e0a\u5927\u5b66\u4e0a\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f1f\u5f1f\uff08\u8ba1\u5212\u751f\u80b2\u653f\u7b56\u5728\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6709\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e25\u5389\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u6709\u7740105\u5e74\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u540c\u6d4e\u5927\u5b66\u5ff5\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u3002\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u540c\u6d4e\u5927\u5b66\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd20\u6240\u9876\u7ea7\u9ad8\u6821\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5979\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f1f\u5f1f\u5728\u521d\u4e2d\u548c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5404\u8df3\u4e86\u4e00\u7ea7\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u521a\u521a\u8003\u5165\u5357\u660c\u5927\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u56de\u5fc6\u79f0\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5979\u4e0a\u4e86\u91cd\u70b9\u9ad8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u4e0a\u91cd\u70b9\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u5341\u5206\u5931\u671b\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u521d\uff0c\u5979\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u7533\u8bf7\u5230\u56fd\u5bb6\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5979\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u8981\u4e3a\u5979\u652f\u4ed82000\u7f8e\u5143\uff08\u7ea6\u54081.25\u4e07\u5143\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff09\u5728\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u5ff5\u4e66\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5b66\u8d39\uff0c \u56e0\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u662f\u79c1\u7acb\u9662\u6821\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8865\u52a9\u4e0d\u5982\u516c\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u591a\u3002\u98df\u5bbf\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u6bcf\u5e74\u53c8\u54081800\u7f8e\u5143\uff08\u7ea6\u54081.12\u4e07\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u516c\u7acb\u91cd\u70b9\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u7684\u5b66\u8d39\u4e5f\u63a5\u8fd11000\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5382\u6280\u672f\u5de5\u4eba\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u6210\u7ee9\u540d\u5217\u524d\u8305\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b66\u5e74\u5728\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u5168\u989d\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff0c\u591f\u652f\u4ed8\u5b66\u8d39\u7684\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u50cf\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d8c\u8fdb\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u51fa\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u3002\u7ebd\u7ea6\u56fd\u9645\u6559\u80b2\u7814\u7a76\u6240(Institute of International Education)\u7684\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e00\u5b66\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u6216\u8005\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e8619.4\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u521b\u4e0b\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4e94\u5e74\u524d6.7\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u4e09\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6d77\u5916\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5ead\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d1f\u62c5\u5f97\u8d77\u8fd9\u7b14\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u548c\u5b69\u5b50\u9001\u51fa\u56fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u89c4\u907f\u56fd\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c40\u52bf\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u8d28\u91cf\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\uff0c\u5165\u5b66\u8981\u6c42\u4e5f\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u82db\u523b\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9ad8\u8003\u90a3\u6837\u51fa\u540d\u5730\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u751f\u4e00\u822c\u5bb6\u5ead\u5bcc\u88d5\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\u53c2\u5dee\u4e0d\u9f50\u3002\u4f46\u4e54\u6cbb\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u5546\u5b66\u9662(George Washington University\u2019s School of Business)\u9662\u957f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5546\u4e1a\u7b56\u7565\u6559\u6388\u9053\u683c\u00b7\u683c\u601d\u91cc(Doug Guthrie)\u79f0\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u5ff5\u4e66\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u4e00\u6d41\u5927\u5b66\u6216\u897f\u65b9\u5927\u5b66\u62ff\u5230\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u5927\u5b66\u5f80\u5f80\u6210\u7ee9\u4f18\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7ecf\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ff\u653f\u5e9c\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u8d74\u6d77\u5916\u7559\u5b66\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u65b9\u9762\u5fc3\u7167\u4e0d\u5ba3\u5730\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7406\u5de5\u79d1\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u8981\u6c42\u4e4b\u897f\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7c97\u653e\u5f0f\u589e\u957f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd1\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u5efa\u4e86\u6570\u767e\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u56ed\uff0c\u7f6e\u8eab\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u773c\u671b\u53bb\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u5f88\u50cf\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u578b\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb10\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4fee\u5efa\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5168\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u3001\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u7f51\uff1b\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u5927\u6279\u65b0\u6821\u56ed\uff0c\u6709\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u6559\u5ba4\u3001\u65b0\u5bbf\u820d\u3001\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u548c\u884c\u653f\u697c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6559\u5ba4\u91cc\u5ea7\u65e0\u865a\u5e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u8d28\u91cf\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5e08\u8d44\u3002\u7ad9\u5728\u8bb2\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u662f\u8c01\uff1f\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u600e\u6837\uff1f\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4f55\uff1f \u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u5bfb\u627e\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u6559\u6388\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a10\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8fdb\u5165\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u8fd8\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8bf4\u8003\u4e0a\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7684\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u5404\u9ad8\u6821\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u4eba\u624d\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e92\u76f8\u7ade\u4e89\u5ef6\u63fd\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u548c\u7ade\u76f8\u62db\u8058\u4e2d\u5c42\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u624d\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u627e\u5230\u597d\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f40\u5c81\u4e0a\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u597d\u6559\u6388\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u201d\u5409\u5229\u5927\u5b66\u526f\u6821\u957f\u848b\u6dee\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u6700\u597d\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u8fd1\u5e74\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u6216\u8005\u9000\u4f11\u6559\u5e08\u4e2d\u62db\u8058\uff0c\u4f46\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u800c\u9000\u4f11\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u53ef\u80fd\u53c8\u8fc7\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c1999\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6bcf\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u4eba\u6570\u8fd8\u4e0d\u52301\u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u6240\u6709\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u62ff\u5230\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u6b63\u5904\u5728\u6559\u4e66\u9ec4\u91d1\u5e74\u9f84\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6559\u5e08\u5bf9\u5e943000\u540d\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5de5\u79d1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u4eba\u624d\u7ade\u4e89\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\u5730\u51fb\u8d25\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u6bcf\u6708\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5de5\u8d44\u901a\u5e38\u5728300\u7f8e\u5143\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u6bd4\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u8fd8\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6559\u6388\u5982\u679c\u664b\u5347\u5230\u5927\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7684\u804c\u4f4d\u4e0a\uff0c\u5de5\u8d44\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4f46\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u804c\u4f4d\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u8981\u9760\u5728\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5185\u79ef\u6781\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9760\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6559\u6388\u4f1a\u591a\u7acb\u79d1\u7814\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u591a\u7533\u8bf7\u7ecf\u8d39\uff0c\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u91cd\u91cf\u4e0d\u91cd\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6536\u5165\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u5c31\u517c\u804c\u5f00\u529e\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66(National University of Singapore)\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7fc1\u7fe0\u82ac\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u65f6\u95f4\u7528\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u804c\u4e1a\u4e0a\u6765\u8d5a\u94b1\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u6709\u70b9\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u57f9\u517b\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8de8\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u9752\u7750\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u793e\u4f1a\u6280\u80fd\u51fa\u4f17\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u624d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u529e\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u6821\u5f00\u59cb\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\uff0c\u6559\u6388\u5728\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u793c\u5802\u91cc\u8bb2\u8bfe\uff0c\u800c\u5b66\u751f\u5fc5\u987b\u5b89\u9759\u8046\u542c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u559c\u6b22\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u4f46\u5e74\u8001\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u53ea\u662f\u7ad9\u5728\u5b66\u751f\u9762\u524d\u81ea\u5df1\u8bb2\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\uff0c\u201d\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u597d\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u4e4b\u4e00\u5929\u6d25\u5927\u5b662010\u5c4a\u5316\u5de5\u4e13\u4e1a\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u9f99\u8def\u4ead\uff08\u97f3\u8bd1\uff09\u79f0\u3002\u5979\u4e0d\u4e45\u524d\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e24\u5e74\u671f\u7684\u57f9\u8bad\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u8de8\u56fd\u5316\u5de5\u4f01\u4e1a\u5df4\u65af\u592b(BASF)\u5317\u4eac\u5206\u90e8\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u548c\u65e5\u672c\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u9ad8\u4e2d\u65f6\u5b66\u4e60\u6700\u523b\u82e6\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u5b66\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u677e\u53e3\u6c14\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u53bb\u8ffd\u6c42\u66f4\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5c31\u50cf\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u751f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u628a\u65f6\u95f4\u82b1\u5728\u805a\u4f1a\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9f99\u8def\u4ead\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u897f\u90e8\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u7684\u4e2d\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u81ea\u8d21\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u52a1\u5458\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u5979\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u9ad8\u4e2d\u65f6\u9664\u4e86\u7761\u89c9\u5c31\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u793e\u4ea4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u592a\u82e6\u4e86\uff0c\u201d\u5979\u56de\u5fc6\u8d77\u7236\u4eb2\u6559\u5bfc\u5979\u8981\u6210\u529f\u65f6\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u540c\u5b66\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u751f\u5b50\u5973\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u7ed9\u7684\u538b\u529b\u592a\u5927\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u9f99\u8def\u4ead\u8bf4\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u5929\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5979\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5728\u4e0a\u5348\u4e0a\u8bfe\u5e76\u628a\u6240\u6709\u4f5c\u4e1a\u505a\u5b8c\u3002\u4e0b\u5348\u5c31\u53bb\u82f1\u8bed\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\uff0c\u7ec3\u4e60\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u548c\u4eba\u4ea4\u6d41\u3001\u8c08\u7b11\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5979\u4ece\u672a\u51fa\u8fc7\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u5b66\u6709\u591a\u8fbe1000\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u793e\u56e2\uff0c\u4e3b\u9898\u4ece\u8bed\u8a00\u5230\u5361\u62c9OK\uff0c\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u793e\u56e2\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u57f9\u517b\u521b\u9020\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4f53\u5236\u4ecd\u7136\u8981\u6c42\u5b66\u751f\u5f88\u65e9\u4fbf\u4e13\u4e1a\u5206\u79d1\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u751f\u8fdb\u5165\u5927\u5b66\u4ee5\u524d\u4fbf\u9009\u597d\u4e86\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u5165\u5b66\u540e\u5c31\u628a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e13\u4e1a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e0a\uff0c\u9009\u4fee\u8bfe\u5f88\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u96c7\u4e3b\u613f\u610f\u62db\u8058\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u523b\u5165\u804c\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e13\u4e1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u957f\u671f\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u5927\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u96c7\u4f63\u4e2d\u56fd\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u5f3a\u8c03\u957f\u671f\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u6765\u953b\u70bc\u57f9\u8bad\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u56e2\u961f\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u9886\u5bfc\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u9f99\u8def\u4ead\u5728\u5df4\u65af\u592b\u7684\u524d\u4e24\u5e74\u57f9\u8bad\u671f\u95f4\u662f\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u90e8\u3001\u7ee9\u6548\u8bc4\u4f30\u90e8\u4ee5\u53ca\u5546\u4e1a\u8fd0\u8425\u90e8\u8f6e\u5c97\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u8fdb\u5165\u5546\u4e1a\u8fd0\u8425\u90e8\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5df4\u65af\u592b\u5404\u90e8\u95e8\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9500\u552e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5df4\u65af\u592b\u4e2d\u56fd\u603b\u4ee3\u8868\u7ea6\u5c14\u683c\u00b7\u4f0d\u5fb7\u514b(Joerg Wuttke)\u79f0\uff0c\u50cf\u9f99\u8def\u4ead\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u6392\u540d\u524d20\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u8de8\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u6bd4\u8bba\u8d44\u6392\u8f88\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u66f4\u5584\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u624d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u79cd\u5b50\u4f1a\u843d\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u2014\u2014\u77f3\u5934\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u80a5\u6c83\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u4e2d\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u96c7\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u76ca\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6311\u6218\u7f8e\u56fd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u62e5\u6709\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u53bb\u5e74\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5236\u9020\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u548c\u5361\u8f66\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6216\u8005\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4e24\u500d\u3002\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u57fa\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u5411\u897f\u65b9\u51fa\u53e3\u4e00\u8f86\u8f66\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u591a\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c7d\u8f66\u5236\u9020\u5546\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u4e3a\u6548\u4eff\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u5148\u4f8b\u505a\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u73b0\u51fa\u53e3\u76ee\u6807\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u81f3\u5c11\u56db\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u66f4\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u548c\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\uff1b\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff1b\u53d1\u5c55\u672c\u571f\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u5916\u56fd\u6c7d\u8f66\u4f01\u4e1a\u51fa\u79df\u7684\u4e13\u5229\uff1b\u7406\u89e3\u6d77\u5916\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u5c55\u8425\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u79f0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u7814\u53d1\u7535\u529b\u8f66\u548c\u6df7\u5408\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\u6ce8\u5165\u51e0\u5341\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u8d85\u8d8a\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u5148\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u672c\u571f\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u53d8\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u8ba1\u7a0b\u8f66\u4e0e\u793c\u5bbe\u8f66\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40(New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission)\u8003\u86512021\u5e74\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u8d2d\u54ea\u79cd\u6c7d\u8f66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8282\u80fd\u73af\u4fdd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4e2d\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u83b7\u5f97\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u51fa\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\u4f7f\u7528\u71c3\u6cb9\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8f66\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u6c7d\u8f66\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u5927\u628a\u6295\u8d44\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u56fd\u9645\u5546\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\uff1a\u5e02\u573a\u4eba\u624d\u3001\u5e7f\u544a\u4eba\u624d\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e86\u89e3\u6d77\u5916\u5ba2\u6237\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5409\u5229\u603b\u88c1\u674e\u4e66\u798f\u51fa\u8eab\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e1c\u90e8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u519c\u6c11\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u5374\u51ed\u7740\u5236\u9020\u5ec9\u4ef7\u3001\u5374\u53c8\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c7d\u8f66\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u5de8\u5934\u3002\u4ed6\u6301\u80a1\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5409\u5229\u96c6\u56e2\u57282010\u5e74\u4ece\u798f\u7279(Ford)\u624b\u4e2d\u6536\u8d2d\u4e86\u745e\u5178\u7684\u6c83\u5c14\u6c83\u6c7d\u8f66\u516c\u53f8(Volvo Cars)\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4ed6\u60f3\u8981\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u8f83\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5409\u5229\u6b63\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u5f00\u5c55\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u8c03\u7814\uff0c\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u6b3e\u6c7d\u8f66\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4f1a\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u52302015\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c7d\u8f66\u5236\u9020\u5546\u5c31\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5411\u897f\u65b9\u53d1\u52a8\u5168\u9762\u653b\u52bf\uff0c\u5409\u5229\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e3e\u52a8\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u9635\u51b2\u950b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u4e66\u798f\u8fd8\u4e00\u76f4\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u4e00\u6279\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u624d\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u4ece\u4ed6\u521b\u7acb\u7684\u4e09\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u62db\u8058\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6b63\u5728\u5168\u529b\u6253\u9020\u56fd\u9645\u5546\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u50cf\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u5916\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u6587\u5316\u6807\u51c6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u591a\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5979\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u662f\u82f1\u8bed\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5374\u662f\u5e02\u573a\u8425\u9500\u3002\u5979\u5728\u8bfe\u4f59\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u5728\u4e09\u4e9a\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u4f1a\u8bae\u548c\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f1a\u505a\u5bfc\u6e38\uff0c\u4e0e\u6bcd\u8bed\u662f\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u5979\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u9605\u8bfb\u5173\u4e8e\u6c7d\u8f66\u884c\u4e1a\u8d8b\u52bf\u7684\u4e66\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bf4\u670d\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u8d2d\u4e70\u5409\u5229\u6c7d\u8f66\u4f5c\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\uff0c\u5979\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5145\u6ee1\u81ea\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b63\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff1b\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u6325\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u201d\u5979\u7528\u6d41\u5229\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u8bf4\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div>\n<p>\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u5f20\u4eae\u4eae<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><small>\u672c\u6587\u7531\u81ea\u52a8\u805a\u5408\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53d6\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u5b57\u65f6\u4ee3\u7acb\u573a<\/small><\/p>\n<form method=\"POST\" action=\"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.us4.list-manage.com\/subscribe\/post?u=17daa75df533f6c6ff72e51ab&#038;id=b4fd4ae247\">\n<a href=\"http:\/\/eepurl.com\/mstlf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5899\u5916\u65b0\u95fb\u5b9e\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0 \u6b22\u8fce\u8ba2\u9605\u6570\u5b57\u65f6\u4ee3<\/a><br \/>\n <br \/><input type=\"email\" value=\"\" name=\"EMAIL\" id=\"mce-EMAIL_in_post\" size=\"25\" style=\"display:block;\" placeholder=\"\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u60a8\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\" required><br \/>\n\t<input type=\"submit\" value=\"\u70b9\u51fb\u8ba2\u9605\" name=\"subscribe\" style=\"height: 20px;\" id=\"in_post_subscribe\"><br \/>\n<\/form>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p> \u6559\u80b2\u9769\u547d KEITH BRADSHER \u62a5\u9053 2013\u5e7401\u670818\u65e5 Sim Chi Yin for The New York Times \u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8bfe\u95f4\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb10\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6570\u91cf\u7ffb\u4e86\u4e00\u756a\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u52302020\u5e74\u67091.95\u4ebf\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u4e09\u4e9a\u2014\u2014\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\uff08\u97f3\u8bd1\uff09\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u4e0a\u5b8c\u5c0f\u5b66\u516d\u5e74\u7ea7\u540e\u8f8d\u4e86\u5b66\u3002\u5979\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u5144\u5f1f\u59d0\u59b9\u517110\u4eba\uff0c \u4ece\u672a\u4e0a\u8fc7\u5b66\u3002 \u4f46\u662f20\u5c81\u7684\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u5374\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5168\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6269\u62db\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ee3\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7edd\u65e0\u4ec5\u6709\u3002 \u6309\u56fe\u653e\u5927 Sim Chi Yin for The New York Times \u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\uff08\u97f3\u8bd1\uff09\u662f\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u8d76\u4e0a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u9ad8\u6821\u6269\u62db\u3002 \u6309\u56fe\u653e\u5927 Sim Chi Yin for The New York Times \u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u6240\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u7c7b\u9662\u6821\uff0c\u5171\u6709\u4e24\u4e07\u540d\u5728\u6821\u751f\u3002\u6bcf\u5e74\u5b66\u8d39\u7ea61.25\u4e07\u5143\uff0c\u98df\u5bbf\u8d39\u4e3a1.12\u4e07\u5143\u3002 \u6309\u56fe\u653e\u5927 Sim Chi Yin for The New York Times \u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6b63\u5728\u5168\u529b\u6253\u9020\u56fd\u9645\u5546\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u3002 \u6309\u56fe\u653e\u5927 Sim Chi Yin for The New York Times \u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u9ad8\u4e2d\u65f6\u6700\u523b\u82e6\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u5b66\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u677e\u53e3\u6c14\uff0c\u53bb\u8ffd\u6c42\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u591a\u5174\u8da3\u3002 \u624e\u7740\u9a6c\u5c3e\u8fab\u7684\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u5728\u8fd9\u6240\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5357\u65b9\u7684\u65b0\u5927\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u82f1\u8bed\u4e13\u4e1a\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u5979\u8fd8\u5728\u4e1a\u4f59\u65f6\u95f4\u94bb\u7814\u7f8e\u56fd\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u89c2\u770b\u50cf\u300a\u5438\u8840\u9b3c\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b(The Vampire Diaries)\u548c\u300a\u5168\u7f8e\u8d85\u6a21\u5927\u8d5b\u300b(America\u2019s Next Top Model)\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7f8e\u5267\u3002 \u5979\u7684\u5fd7\u5411\u5f88\u660e\u786e\uff1a\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u5bb6\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c7d\u8f66\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u7528\u5979\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4ee5\u53ca\u719f\u7ec3\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u80fd\u529b\u4e3a\u516c\u53f8\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5411\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u4f9b\u5e94\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u8282\u80fd\u9ad8\u6548\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\u3002\u7ebd\u7ea6\u8ba1\u52122021\u5e74\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6c7d\u8f66\u3002\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u7684\u68a6\u60f3 \uff0c\u201d\u5979\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4f1a\u5168\u529b\u4ee5\u8d74\u53bb\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u3002\u201d \u5373\u4fbf\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u5979\u5927\u5b66\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd8\u6709\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u50cf\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u806a\u660e\u624d\u667a\u548c\u96c4\u5fc3\u62b1\u8d1f\uff0c\u4ec5\u51ed\u4ed6\u4eec\u4eba\u6570\u4e4b\u591a\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u4ee5\u5728\u672a\u6765\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u80a1\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c0f\u89d1\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u6bcf\u5e74\u6295\u51652500\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff08\u7ea6\u54081.56\u4e07\u4ebf\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff09\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u672c\u4e0a\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa40\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b50\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u901a\u8fc7\u300a\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u7ed9\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u4e8c\u6218\u8001\u5175\u63d0\u4f9b\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6253\u9020\u4e86\u767d\u9886\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6b63\u6295\u5165\u5927\u7b14\u8d22\u653f\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u5343\u4e07\u4ece\u519c\u6751\u5230\u57ce\u5e02\u6765\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u3002 \u6b64\u4e3e\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6539\u53d8\u73b0\u6709\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4ec5\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u53d7\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\u9636\u5c42\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u53d7\u8fc7\u5b8c\u6574\u57f9\u8bad\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u5de5\u4eba\u548c\u519c\u6c11\u5de5\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u57f9\u517b\u66f4\u591a\u53d7\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5347\u7ea7\u53d1\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u8fd1\u6b27\u7f8e\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e00\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u6210\u6548\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f85\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u53e3\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u56fa\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u56fd\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8270\u5de8\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u53bb\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u901f\u653e\u7f13\uff0c\u5927\u6279\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u5e26\u7740\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u5374\u5f88\u6709\u9650\u3002 \u8fd9\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u96c6\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u7cfb\u80fd\u5426\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u9f13\u52b1\u4e16\u754c\u7ea7\u521b\u9020\u529b\u548c\u521b\u65b0\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd8\u8981\u5e94\u5bf9\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u8150\u8d25\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u50f5\u5316\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u3001\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6076\u5316\u3001\u56fd\u6709\u5784\u65ad\u884c\u4e1a\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u4e0b\u7b49\u5de8\u5927\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u80fd\u514b\u670d\uff0c\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u63d0\u9ad8\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u5927\u519b\u5c06\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u3002 \u5317\u4eac\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4efb\u738b\u8f89\u8000\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u5c06\u63a8\u52a8\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u79d1\u6280\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u65b0\u5174\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ed9\u653f\u5e9c\u65bd\u52a0\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6539\u9769\u3002\u201d \u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u8dc3\u8fdb\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ea7\u751f\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u8d27\u7269\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8de8\u56fd\u6d41\u901a\uff0c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u4e3a\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u800c\u7ade\u4e89\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6025\u5267\u81a8\u80c0\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u7ed9\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5c31\u4e1a\u538b\u529b\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u9636\u6bb5\u52302015\u5e74\u4e3a\u6b62\u7684\u4e94\u5e74\u8ba1\u5212\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e03\u9879\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u5c55\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u662f\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u5e74\u8f7b\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u4e2d\u5e7f\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u65b0\u5174\u884c\u4e1a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e1a\u5305\u62ec\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u80fd\u6e90\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u6548\u7387\u3001\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u751f\u7269\u79d1\u6280\u3001\u5148\u8fdb\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u3001\u9ad8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\u751f\u4ea7\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6df7\u5408\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\u548c\u7535\u52a8\u6c7d\u8f66\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6295\u8d4410\u4e07\u4ebf\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u6269\u5927\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u4e1a\u52302015\u5e74\u65f6\u5360\u7ecf\u6d4e\u603b\u4ea7\u51fa\u76848%\uff0c\u800c\u57282010\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ec5\u4e3a3%\u3002 \u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6269\u62db\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u628a\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u6311\u6218\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5927\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u3002 \u5317\u4eac\u5409\u5229\u5927\u5b66\u662f\u7531\u5409\u5229\u6c7d\u8f66\u96c6\u56e2\u8463\u4e8b\u957f\u674e\u4e66\u798f\u57282000\u5e74\u521b\u529e\u7684\u79c1\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u73b0\u6709\u4e24\u4e07\u540d\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f46\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6c7d\u8f66\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002 \u674e\u4e66\u798f\u8fd8\u8d5e\u52a9\u5e76\u521b\u529e\u4e86\u6709\u4e24\u4e07\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u7c7b\u9662\u6821\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u5728\u8bfb\u7684\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u3002 \u4ed6\u8fd8\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6545\u4e61\u53f0\u5dde\u5f00\u529e\u4e86\u4e00\u6240\u67095000\u540d\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u84dd\u9886\u5de5\u4eba\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u7fa4\u4f53\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u53f8\u89ca\u89ce\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u8d44\u6e90\u5e93\u3002 \u201c\u4ee5\u524d\u4ed6\u4eec\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bfb\u627e\u4f53\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5219\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u5f97\u8111\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\uff0c\u201d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5546\u4e1a\u65b9\u9762\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u5e08\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e39\u5c3c\u65af\u00b7F.\u00b7\u897f\u8499(Denis F. Simon)\u79f0\u3002 \u5f88\u591a\u8de8\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5305\u62ecIBM\u3001\u901a\u7528\u7535\u6c14\u3001\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u7528\u6c7d\u8f66\u5728\u5185\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u96c7\u4f63\u4e86\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u540d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u3002 \u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u770b\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u90a3\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u201d\u524d\u82f1\u56fd\u7535\u4fe1(British Telecom)\u516c\u53f8\u4e9a\u592a\u8fd0\u8425\u90e8\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u51ef\u6587\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2(Kevin Taylor)\u79f0\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u670913\u4ebf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5c31\u8ba9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u53d1\u5c55\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u53f9\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb10\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u9662\u6821\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u500d\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e862409\u6240\u3002 1996\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd17\u5c81\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ea\u6709\u516d\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6bd5\u4e1a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u57281919\u5e74\u65f6\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e94\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u662f\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002 \u4e03\u5e74\u5185\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u8981\u8d76\u4e0a\u73b0\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd18\u5c81\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u4e2d75%\u7684\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7387\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u65e5\u540e\u8fd4\u6821\u5b8c\u6210\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e1a\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8981\u6bd4\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u9ad8\u3002 \u8fc7\u53bb10\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u6821\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u56db\u500d\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6bcf\u5e74\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u6821\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u4e3a800\u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0a\u5374\u6bd4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f4e\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u53ea\u6709\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u5374\u6709300\u5927\u4e13\u9662\u6821\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u3002 \u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a10\u5e74\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u6709\u8fd11.95\u4ebf\u5927\u4e13\u9662\u6821\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u4eba\u6570\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc71.2\u4ebf\u3002 \u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u662f\u4e24\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u79f0\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u6269\u62db\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6559\u6388\u548c\u8bb2\u5e08\u4eba\u624d\u4f9b\u5e94\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002 \u6b66\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6240\u957f\u80e5\u9752\u5c71\u79f0\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u8ffd\u6c42\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u62db\u751f\u901f\u5ea6\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u5b66\u9662\u6536\u5165\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8d85\u8d1f\u8377\u900f\u652f\u539f\u672c\u5c31\u6709\u9650\u7684\u6559\u6388\u4eba\u624d\u3002 2011\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u5e2d\u80e1\u9526\u6d9b\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u8bb2\u8bdd\u4e2d\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u5b58\u5728\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u201c\u4eba\u6c11\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u597d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u9886\u5148\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6c34\u5e73\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fd8\u6709\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u201d \u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ece\u4e8b\u54a8\u8be2\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u8d3e\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u94b1\u65af(Giles Chance)\u79f0\uff0c\u6570\u5343\u4e07\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u5236\u9020\u884c\u4e1a\u627e\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u5374\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u533b\u7597\u3001\u9500\u552e\u6216\u5546\u4e1a\u94f6\u884c\u9886\u57df\u3002 \u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e8c\u6d41\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5bf9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u719f\u6089\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u201d\u4ed6\u8bf4\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u80fd\u5426\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u57f9\u80b2\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u786c\u4ef6\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e94\u7528\u65b9\u9762\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u3001\u6700\u806a\u660e\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u80fd\u5728\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8dd1\u8f66\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8f66\u95f4\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u65b9\u9762\u8d85\u8fc7\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u3002 \u7684\u786e\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u80fd\u529b\u63d0\u5347\u3002 \u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u7684\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u9762\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u8fd9\u66fe\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9636\u5c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u65e5\u672c\u8f6c\u53d8\u6210\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f46\u65e5\u672c\u540e\u6765\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u671f\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6ce8\u91cd\u5b88\u5206\u800c\u4e0d\u9f13\u52b1\u5f20\u626c\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u521b\u65b0\u4e0a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5728\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u548c\u5ec9\u4ef7\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u7528\u5c3d\u4e4b\u540e\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u52bf\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u4f1a\u518d\u6301\u7eed10\u523015\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u77ed\u3002 \u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u768410\u500d\uff0c\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u9886\u57df\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u767d\u9886\u7ade\u4e89\u3002 \u4e00\u65e5\u5343\u91cc \u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u6709\u591a\u5927\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\u6709\u591a\u5feb\uff0c\u5728\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u4e00\u5bb6\u7684\u8eab\u4e0a\u53ef\u89c1\u4e00\u6591\u3002\u5bf9\u5979\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002 \u5979\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u5144\u5f1f\u59d0\u59b910\u4eba\uff0c\u6392\u884c\u7b2c\u516b\uff0c1968\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u8d2b\u56f0\u7684\u7701\u4efd\u4e4b\u4e00\u6c5f\u897f\u7701\u5357\u660c\u5e02\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6751\u5b50\u91cc\u3002\u7236\u6bcd\u90fd\u662f\u519c\u6c11\u3002\u5168\u5bb6\u4eba\u4e00\u5929\u53ea\u80fd\u52c9\u5f3a\u5403\u4e00\u987f\u534a\u9971\u3002\u5bb6\u91cc\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b69\u5b50\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0a\u5b66\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u5728\u5185\u3002\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u4ece12\u5c81\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u4e00\u8d77\u5728\u4e34\u8fd1\u7684\u798f\u5efa\u7701\u505a\u5efa\u7b51\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u6bd4\u5979\u7236\u4eb2\u5c0f\u4e24\u5c81\uff0c\u662f\u5f53\u5730\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5e72\u90e8\u7684\u5973\u513f\uff0c\u5176\u7236\u662f\u672c\u6751\u7684\u6751\u652f\u4e66\u76f4\u52301990\u5e74\u3002\u5979\u4e0a\u5b66\u8f83\u665a\uff0c1977\u5e74\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u8feb\u5bb3\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u4e03\u5c81\u7684\u5979\u624d\u5165\u5b66\u3002\u516d\u5e74\u540e\u5979\u5c0f\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u968f\u5373\u8f8d\u5b66\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u519c\u6751\u5e38\u6709\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002 \u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u56de\u6751\u540e\u4e0e\u5979\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u6b21\u5a5a\u59fb\u6700\u521d\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u5973\u65b9\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u5bb6\u5efa\u7b51\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u751f\u610f\u4e0d\u9519\uff0c\u516d\u5e74\u540e\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u5c31\u4e70\u4e86\u5bb6\u91cc\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f86\u6c7d\u8f66\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4e00\u8f86\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u4e86\u4e5d\u5e74\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u798f\u7279\u798f\u514b\u65af\u3002 \u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u51e0\u4ebf\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5f20\u5bb6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u91cd\u89c6\u7269\u8d28\u4e0a\u7684\u5b89\u9038\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u628a\u7cbe\u529b\u548c\u91d1\u94b1\u90fd\u7528\u5728\u4f9b\u5b69\u5b50\u5ff5\u9ad8\u4e2d\u4e0a\u5927\u5b66\u4e0a\u9762\u3002 \u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f1f\u5f1f\uff08\u8ba1\u5212\u751f\u80b2\u653f\u7b56\u5728\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6709\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e25\u5389\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u6709\u7740105\u5e74\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u540c\u6d4e\u5927\u5b66\u5ff5\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u3002\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u540c\u6d4e\u5927\u5b66\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd20\u6240\u9876\u7ea7\u9ad8\u6821\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5979\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f1f\u5f1f\u5728\u521d\u4e2d\u548c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u5404\u8df3\u4e86\u4e00\u7ea7\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u521a\u521a\u8003\u5165\u5357\u660c\u5927\u5b66\u3002 \u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u56de\u5fc6\u79f0\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5979\u4e0a\u4e86\u91cd\u70b9\u9ad8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u4e0a\u91cd\u70b9\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u5341\u5206\u5931\u671b\u3002\u201d \u6700\u521d\uff0c\u5979\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u7533\u8bf7\u5230\u56fd\u5bb6\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5979\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u8981\u4e3a\u5979\u652f\u4ed82000\u7f8e\u5143\uff08\u7ea6\u54081.25\u4e07\u5143\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff09\u5728\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u5ff5\u4e66\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5b66\u8d39\uff0c \u56e0\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u662f\u79c1\u7acb\u9662\u6821\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8865\u52a9\u4e0d\u5982\u516c\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u591a\u3002\u98df\u5bbf\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u6bcf\u5e74\u53c8\u54081800\u7f8e\u5143\uff08\u7ea6\u54081.12\u4e07\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\uff09\u3002 \u5728\u516c\u7acb\u91cd\u70b9\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u7684\u5b66\u8d39\u4e5f\u63a5\u8fd11000\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5382\u6280\u672f\u5de5\u4eba\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u3002 \u4f46\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u7684\u6210\u7ee9\u540d\u5217\u524d\u8305\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b66\u5e74\u5728\u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u5168\u989d\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff0c\u591f\u652f\u4ed8\u5b66\u8d39\u7684\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u3002 \u50cf\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d8c\u8fdb\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u51fa\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u3002\u7ebd\u7ea6\u56fd\u9645\u6559\u80b2\u7814\u7a76\u6240(Institute of International Education)\u7684\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e00\u5b66\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u6216\u8005\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e8619.4\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u521b\u4e0b\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4e94\u5e74\u524d6.7\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u4e09\u500d\u3002 \u8fd9\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6d77\u5916\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5ead\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d1f\u62c5\u5f97\u8d77\u8fd9\u7b14\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u548c\u5b69\u5b50\u9001\u51fa\u56fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u89c4\u907f\u56fd\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c40\u52bf\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u8d28\u91cf\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\uff0c\u5165\u5b66\u8981\u6c42\u4e5f\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u82db\u523b\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9ad8\u8003\u90a3\u6837\u51fa\u540d\u5730\u96be\u3002 \u5728\u897f\u65b9\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u751f\u4e00\u822c\u5bb6\u5ead\u5bcc\u88d5\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\u53c2\u5dee\u4e0d\u9f50\u3002\u4f46\u4e54\u6cbb\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u5546\u5b66\u9662(George Washington University\u2019s School of Business)\u9662\u957f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5546\u4e1a\u7b56\u7565\u6559\u6388\u9053\u683c\u00b7\u683c\u601d\u91cc(Doug Guthrie)\u79f0\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u5ff5\u4e66\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u4e00\u6d41\u5927\u5b66\u6216\u897f\u65b9\u5927\u5b66\u62ff\u5230\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u5927\u5b66\u5f80\u5f80\u6210\u7ee9\u4f18\u5f02\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7ecf\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ff\u653f\u5e9c\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u8d74\u6d77\u5916\u7559\u5b66\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u65b9\u9762\u5fc3\u7167\u4e0d\u5ba3\u5730\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7406\u5de5\u79d1\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u8981\u6c42\u4e4b\u897f\u65b9\u3002 \u7c97\u653e\u5f0f\u589e\u957f \u8fd1\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u5efa\u4e86\u6570\u767e\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u56ed\uff0c\u7f6e\u8eab\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u773c\u671b\u53bb\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u5f88\u50cf\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u578b\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u3002 \u8fc7\u53bb10\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4fee\u5efa\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5168\u56fd\u9ad8\u901f\u94c1\u8def\u3001\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u7f51\uff1b\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u5efa\u9020\u4e86\u5927\u6279\u65b0\u6821\u56ed\uff0c\u6709\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u6559\u5ba4\u3001\u65b0\u5bbf\u820d\u3001\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u548c\u884c\u653f\u697c\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u6559\u5ba4\u91cc\u5ea7\u65e0\u865a\u5e2d\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u8d28\u91cf\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5e08\u8d44\u3002\u7ad9\u5728\u8bb2\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u662f\u8c01\uff1f\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u600e\u6837\uff1f\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4f55\uff1f \u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u5bfb\u627e\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u6559\u6388\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a10\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8fdb\u5165\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u8fd8\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8bf4\u8003\u4e0a\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7684\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u5404\u9ad8\u6821\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u4eba\u624d\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e92\u76f8\u7ade\u4e89\u5ef6\u63fd\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u548c\u7ade\u76f8\u62db\u8058\u4e2d\u5c42\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u624d\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u7ade\u4e89\u3002 \u201c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u627e\u5230\u597d\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f40\u5c81\u4e0a\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u597d\u6559\u6388\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u201d\u5409\u5229\u5927\u5b66\u526f\u6821\u957f\u848b\u6dee\u79f0\u3002 \u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u6700\u597d\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u8fd1\u5e74\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u6216\u8005\u9000\u4f11\u6559\u5e08\u4e2d\u62db\u8058\uff0c\u4f46\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u800c\u9000\u4f11\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u53ef\u80fd\u53c8\u8fc7\u65f6\u3002 \u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c1999\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6bcf\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u4eba\u6570\u8fd8\u4e0d\u52301\u4e07\u4eba\u3002\u6240\u6709\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u62ff\u5230\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3001\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u6b63\u5904\u5728\u6559\u4e66\u9ec4\u91d1\u5e74\u9f84\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6559\u5e08\u5bf9\u5e943000\u540d\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u3002 \u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5de5\u79d1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u4eba\u624d\u7ade\u4e89\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\u5730\u51fb\u8d25\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u6bcf\u6708\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5de5\u8d44\u901a\u5e38\u5728300\u7f8e\u5143\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u6bd4\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u8fd8\u5c11\u3002 \u6559\u6388\u5982\u679c\u664b\u5347\u5230\u5927\u5b66\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7684\u804c\u4f4d\u4e0a\uff0c\u5de5\u8d44\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4f46\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u804c\u4f4d\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u8981\u9760\u5728\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5185\u79ef\u6781\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9760\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6559\u6388\u4f1a\u591a\u7acb\u79d1\u7814\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u591a\u7533\u8bf7\u7ecf\u8d39\uff0c\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u91cd\u91cf\u4e0d\u91cd\u8d28\u3002 \u6216\u8005\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6536\u5165\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u5c31\u517c\u804c\u5f00\u529e\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66(National University of Singapore)\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7fc1\u7fe0\u82ac\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u65f6\u95f4\u7528\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u804c\u4e1a\u4e0a\u6765\u8d5a\u94b1\u3002\u201d \u7528\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u6709\u70b9\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u57f9\u517b\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8de8\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u9752\u7750\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u793e\u4f1a\u6280\u80fd\u51fa\u4f17\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u624d\u3002 \u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u529e\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u6821\u5f00\u59cb\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\uff0c\u6559\u6388\u5728\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u793c\u5802\u91cc\u8bb2\u8bfe\uff0c\u800c\u5b66\u751f\u5fc5\u987b\u5b89\u9759\u8046\u542c\u3002 \u201c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u559c\u6b22\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u4f46\u5e74\u8001\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u53ea\u662f\u7ad9\u5728\u5b66\u751f\u9762\u524d\u81ea\u5df1\u8bb2\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\uff0c\u201d\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u597d\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u4e4b\u4e00\u5929\u6d25\u5927\u5b662010\u5c4a\u5316\u5de5\u4e13\u4e1a\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u9f99\u8def\u4ead\uff08\u97f3\u8bd1\uff09\u79f0\u3002\u5979\u4e0d\u4e45\u524d\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e24\u5e74\u671f\u7684\u57f9\u8bad\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u8de8\u56fd\u5316\u5de5\u4f01\u4e1a\u5df4\u65af\u592b(BASF)\u5317\u4eac\u5206\u90e8\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5c42\u3002 \u548c\u65e5\u672c\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u9ad8\u4e2d\u65f6\u5b66\u4e60\u6700\u523b\u82e6\u3002\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u5b66\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u677e\u53e3\u6c14\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u53bb\u8ffd\u6c42\u66f4\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5c31\u50cf\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u751f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u628a\u65f6\u95f4\u82b1\u5728\u805a\u4f1a\u4e0a\u3002 \u9f99\u8def\u4ead\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u897f\u90e8\u56db\u5ddd\u7701\u7684\u4e2d\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u81ea\u8d21\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u52a1\u5458\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u5979\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u9ad8\u4e2d\u65f6\u9664\u4e86\u7761\u89c9\u5c31\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u793e\u4ea4\u3002 \u201c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u592a\u82e6\u4e86\uff0c\u201d\u5979\u56de\u5fc6\u8d77\u7236\u4eb2\u6559\u5bfc\u5979\u8981\u6210\u529f\u65f6\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u540c\u5b66\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u751f\u5b50\u5973\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u7ed9\u7684\u538b\u529b\u592a\u5927\u4e86\u3002\u201d \u4f46\u9f99\u8def\u4ead\u8bf4\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u5929\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5979\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5728\u4e0a\u5348\u4e0a\u8bfe\u5e76\u628a\u6240\u6709\u4f5c\u4e1a\u505a\u5b8c\u3002\u4e0b\u5348\u5c31\u53bb\u82f1\u8bed\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\uff0c\u7ec3\u4e60\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u548c\u4eba\u4ea4\u6d41\u3001\u8c08\u7b11\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5979\u4ece\u672a\u51fa\u8fc7\u56fd\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u5b66\u6709\u591a\u8fbe1000\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u793e\u56e2\uff0c\u4e3b\u9898\u4ece\u8bed\u8a00\u5230\u5361\u62c9OK\uff0c\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u5305\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u8d28\u7591\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u793e\u56e2\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u57f9\u517b\u521b\u9020\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4f53\u5236\u4ecd\u7136\u8981\u6c42\u5b66\u751f\u5f88\u65e9\u4fbf\u4e13\u4e1a\u5206\u79d1\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u751f\u8fdb\u5165\u5927\u5b66\u4ee5\u524d\u4fbf\u9009\u597d\u4e86\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u5165\u5b66\u540e\u5c31\u628a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u9ad8\u5ea6\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e13\u4e1a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e0a\uff0c\u9009\u4fee\u8bfe\u5f88\u5c11\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u96c7\u4e3b\u613f\u610f\u62db\u8058\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u523b\u5165\u804c\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u4e13\u4e1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u957f\u671f\u57f9\u517b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u5927\u5174\u8da3\u3002 \u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u96c7\u4f63\u4e2d\u56fd\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u5f3a\u8c03\u957f\u671f\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u6765\u953b\u70bc\u57f9\u8bad\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u56e2\u961f\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u9886\u5bfc\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u9f99\u8def\u4ead\u5728\u5df4\u65af\u592b\u7684\u524d\u4e24\u5e74\u57f9\u8bad\u671f\u95f4\u662f\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u90e8\u3001\u7ee9\u6548\u8bc4\u4f30\u90e8\u4ee5\u53ca\u5546\u4e1a\u8fd0\u8425\u90e8\u8f6e\u5c97\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u8fdb\u5165\u5546\u4e1a\u8fd0\u8425\u90e8\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5df4\u65af\u592b\u5404\u90e8\u95e8\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9500\u552e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u62a5\u544a\u3002 \u5df4\u65af\u592b\u4e2d\u56fd\u603b\u4ee3\u8868\u7ea6\u5c14\u683c\u00b7\u4f0d\u5fb7\u514b(Joerg Wuttke)\u79f0\uff0c\u50cf\u9f99\u8def\u4ead\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u6392\u540d\u524d20\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u8de8\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u6bd4\u8bba\u8d44\u6392\u8f88\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u66f4\u5584\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u624d\u3002 \u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u79cd\u5b50\u4f1a\u843d\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u2014\u2014\u77f3\u5934\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u80a5\u6c83\u7684\u571f\u58e4\u4e2d\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u96c7\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u624d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u76ca\u3002\u201d \u6311\u6218\u7f8e\u56fd \u4e2d\u56fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u62e5\u6709\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u53bb\u5e74\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5236\u9020\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u548c\u5361\u8f66\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6216\u8005\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4e24\u500d\u3002\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u57fa\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u5411\u897f\u65b9\u51fa\u53e3\u4e00\u8f86\u8f66\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u3002 \u591a\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c7d\u8f66\u5236\u9020\u5546\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u4e3a\u6548\u4eff\u65e5\u672c\u548c\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u5148\u4f8b\u505a\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u73b0\u51fa\u53e3\u76ee\u6807\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u81f3\u5c11\u56db\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u66f4\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u548c\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\uff1b\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff1b\u53d1\u5c55\u672c\u571f\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u5916\u56fd\u6c7d\u8f66\u4f01\u4e1a\u51fa\u79df\u7684\u4e13\u5229\uff1b\u7406\u89e3\u6d77\u5916\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u5c55\u8425\u9500\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u79f0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u7814\u53d1\u7535\u529b\u8f66\u548c\u6df7\u5408\u52a8\u529b\u8f66\u6ce8\u5165\u51e0\u5341\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u591f\u8d85\u8d8a\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u5148\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u672c\u571f\u6280\u672f\u3002 \u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u53d8\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u8ba1\u7a0b\u8f66\u4e0e\u793c\u5bbe\u8f66\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40(New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission)\u8003\u86512021\u5e74\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u8d2d\u54ea\u79cd\u6c7d\u8f66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8282\u80fd\u73af\u4fdd\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4e2d\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u83b7\u5f97\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u51fa\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\u4f7f\u7528\u71c3\u6cb9\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8f66\u578b\u3002 \u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u6c7d\u8f66\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u5927\u628a\u6295\u8d44\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u56fd\u9645\u5546\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\uff1a\u5e02\u573a\u4eba\u624d\u3001\u5e7f\u544a\u4eba\u624d\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e86\u89e3\u6d77\u5916\u5ba2\u6237\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u3002 \u5409\u5229\u603b\u88c1\u674e\u4e66\u798f\u51fa\u8eab\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e1c\u90e8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u519c\u6c11\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u5374\u51ed\u7740\u5236\u9020\u5ec9\u4ef7\u3001\u5374\u53c8\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c7d\u8f66\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u5de8\u5934\u3002\u4ed6\u6301\u80a1\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5409\u5229\u96c6\u56e2\u57282010\u5e74\u4ece\u798f\u7279(Ford)\u624b\u4e2d\u6536\u8d2d\u4e86\u745e\u5178\u7684\u6c83\u5c14\u6c83\u6c7d\u8f66\u516c\u53f8(Volvo Cars)\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4ed6\u60f3\u8981\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u8f83\u91cf\u3002 \u5409\u5229\u6b63\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u5f00\u5c55\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u8c03\u7814\uff0c\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u6b3e\u6c7d\u8f66\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4f1a\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u52302015\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c7d\u8f66\u5236\u9020\u5546\u5c31\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5411\u897f\u65b9\u53d1\u52a8\u5168\u9762\u653b\u52bf\uff0c\u5409\u5229\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u4e3e\u52a8\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u9635\u51b2\u950b\u3002 \u674e\u4e66\u798f\u8fd8\u4e00\u76f4\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u4e00\u6279\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u624d\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u4ece\u4ed6\u521b\u7acb\u7684\u4e09\u6240\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u62db\u8058\u6700\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u3002 \u4e09\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6b63\u5728\u5168\u529b\u6253\u9020\u56fd\u9645\u5546\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u50cf\u5f20\u5c0f\u5e73\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u5916\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u6587\u5316\u6807\u51c6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u591a\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002 \u5979\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u662f\u82f1\u8bed\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5374\u662f\u5e02\u573a\u8425\u9500\u3002\u5979\u5728\u8bfe\u4f59\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u5728\u4e09\u4e9a\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u4f1a\u8bae\u548c\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f1a\u505a\u5bfc\u6e38\uff0c\u4e0e\u6bcd\u8bed\u662f\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u591a\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u5979\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u9605\u8bfb\u5173\u4e8e\u6c7d\u8f66\u884c\u4e1a\u8d8b\u52bf\u7684\u4e66\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bf4\u670d\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u8d2d\u4e70\u5409\u5229\u6c7d\u8f66\u4f5c\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\uff0c\u5979\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5145\u6ee1\u81ea\u4fe1\u3002 \u201c\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b63\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff1b\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u6325\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u201d\u5979\u7528\u6d41\u5229\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u8bf4\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u201d \u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u5f20\u4eae\u4eae <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1002,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","ampforwp-amp-on-off":"","home_featured":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[10466],"tags":[19193,19192],"class_list":["post-275086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-10466","tag-19193","tag-19192","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/275086","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1002"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=275086"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/275086\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=275086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=275086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=275086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}