{"id":351246,"date":"2014-06-19T20:29:55","date_gmt":"2014-06-20T03:29:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/?p=351246"},"modified":"2014-06-19T23:27:11","modified_gmt":"2014-06-20T06:27:11","slug":"%e5%a4%9a%e7%bb%b4-%e6%96%87%e5%8c%96%e8%be%93%e5%87%ba%e9%9d%9e%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e7%81%8c%e8%be%93-%e5%ad%94%e5%ad%90%e5%ad%a6%e9%99%a2%e8%8e%ab%e6%88%90%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e5%8d%9a%e5%bc%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/351246.html","title":{"rendered":"\u591a\u7ef4 | \u6587\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u975e\u653f\u6cbb\u704c\u8f93 \u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u83ab\u6210\u653f\u6cbb\u535a\u5f08\u573a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u3010\u591a\u7ef4\u65b0\u95fb\u3011\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5927\u9646\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\u610f\u5728\u63a8\u5e7f\u6c49\u8bed\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u5728\u5411\u5916\u63a8\u5e7f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u963b\u529b\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u534f\u4f1a\uff08American Association of University Professors)\u65e5\u524d\u53d1\u8868\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u6307\u8d23\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u7981\u6b62\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u3001\u897f\u85cf\u3001\u53f0\u6e7e\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u6d3e\u7cfb\u6597\u4e89\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b66\u672f\u81ea\u7531\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u547c\u5401\u5927\u5b66\u634d\u536b\u5b66\u672f\u81ea\u7531\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u7ec8\u6b62\u6216\u91cd\u65b0\u8c08\u5224\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u653f\u6cbb\u704c\u8f93\uff0c\u83ab\u8ba9\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u53d8\u6210\u897f\u65b9\u4e0e\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u535a\u5f08\u573a\u3002<\/span><br style=\"color: #000000\" \/><br style=\"color: #000000\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u534f\u4f1a\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u534f\u8bae\u90fd\u5e26\u6709\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6761\u6b3e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u60ef\u4f8b\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u8ba9\u6b65\u3002\u5e76\u5f15\u7528\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14\u2022\u8428\u6797\u65af(Marshall Sahlins)\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u201c\u5f00\u529e\u4e86\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u540d\u6821\u5e94\u8be5\u7387\u5148\u6539\u5f26\u6613\u8f99\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f00\u529e\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u5ba3\u4f20\u52aa\u529b\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u573a\u5408\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u798f\u7949\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u76f8\u6096\u3002\u201d \u8be5\u4efd\u58f0\u660e\u7565\u6709\u5b66\u672f\u95ee\u9898\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002\u65e0\u72ec\u6709\u5076\uff0c\u53bb\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\u534f\u4f1a(Canadian Association of University Teachers)\uff0c\u4e5f\u66fe\u53d1\u8868\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u62c5\u5fe7\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u5bf9\u5b66\u672f\u81ea\u7531\u5e26\u6765\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/span><br style=\"color: #000000\" \/><br style=\"color: #000000\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u6240\u8c13\u5b66\u672f\u81ea\u7531\u662f\u6307\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u672f\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u804c\u5458\u53ca\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4e0d\u53d7\u5185\u5916\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0e\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u5b66\u672f\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u662f\u63a8\u5e7f\u6c49\u8bed\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u901a\u4fd7\u8bb2\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57f9\u8bad\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bbe\u7acb\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u56ed\u5185\uff0c\u5c31\u628a\u5b83\u5f53\u505a\u5b66\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u5177\u6709\u5b98\u529e\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u5927\u9646\u6295\u5165\u8865\u8d34\u652f\u6301\u6d77\u5916\u5efa\u6821\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba4\u5b9a\u662f\u5927\u9646\u5b98\u65b9\u673a\u6784\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u5176\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u654f\u611f\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5c31\u8d28\u7591\u5176\u662f\u8868\u9762\u5ba3\u4f20\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5b9e\u4e3a\u63a8\u9500\u4e2d\u5171\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5b9a\u6027\u4e3a\u5927\u9646\u6269\u5927\u6d77\u5916\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u63a8\u624b\u3002<\/span><br style=\"color: #000000\" \/><br style=\"color: #000000\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u636e\u5b98\u65b9\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u5df2\u5728100\u591a\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u533a\u6210\u7acb\u4e86400\u4f59\u5bb6\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u5feb\u901f\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u6b65\u4f10\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u6821\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u963b\u529b\u4e5f\u5f88\u4e25\u5cfb\u3002\u6b64\u524d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u7b7e\u53d1\u4e00\u9879\u516c\u544a\uff0c\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u544a\u4e4b\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u5fc5\u987b\u7533\u8bf7\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u5176\u6240\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u5f00\u5c55\u6559\u5b66\uff0c\u5e76\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u6301\u6709\u6539\u8fc7J-1\u7b7e\u8bc1\u7684\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u5e08\u7eed\u53d1\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u51e0\u5929\u4e4b\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u5e03\u516c\u544a\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u5408\u6cd5\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u540c\u6837\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8054\u540d\u8981\u6c42\u653f\u5e9c\u53d6\u6d887\u6240\u5b66\u6821\u4e2d\u5f00\u8bbe\u7684\u5b54\u5b50\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\u8ba9\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u529e\u5b66\u5386\u7a0b\u547d\u8fd0\u591a\u821b\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5171\u4e0e\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u80fd\u6709\u89e3\u7b54\u3002<\/span><br style=\"color: #000000\" \/><br style=\"color: #000000\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u4e2d\u5171\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u51fa\u8bbf\u56fd\u5916\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u53c2\u89c2\u8be5\u56fd\u7684\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u3002\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u7684\u5916\u4e8b\u8bbf\u95ee\u6d3b\u52a8\u540c\u6837\u5ef6\u7eed\u7740\u8fd9\u4e00\u60ef\u4f8b\u3002\u4e60\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u51fa\u5e2d\u4e86\u7687\u5bb6\u58a8\u5c14\u672c\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u533b\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u6388\u724c\u4eea\u5f0f\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5370\u5c3c\u671f\u95f4\u643a\u592b\u4eba\u540c\u5370\u5c3c\u963f\u62c9\u624e\u5927\u5b66\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u5e08\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u4eca\u5e74\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u53c2\u89c2\u745e\u5178\u65af\u5fb7\u54e5\u5c14\u6469\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u4ea6\u540c\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5e08\u751f\u4ee3\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6d41\u7b49\u3002\u5b98\u65b9\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u9ad8\u89c4\u683c\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u6781\u6613\u5f3a\u5316\u5916\u754c\u5bf9\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u5b98\u529e\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u5370\u8c61\u3002<\/span><br style=\"color: #000000\" \/><br style=\"color: #000000\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u66f4\u591a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6587\u5316\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u9b45\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u529b\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a8\u52a8\u529b\u91cf\u6765\u81ea\u653f\u5e9c\u65f6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f1a\u8d77\u5230\u53cd\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5927\u9646\u5bf9\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5927\u529b\u63a8\u5e7f\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u6d77\u5916\u5feb\u901f\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7ed9\u6587\u5316\u81ea\u7531\u4ea4\u6d41\u5e26\u6765\u5916\u5728\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bb9\u6613\u9020\u6210\u6587\u5316\u5f3a\u5236\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u5927\u9646\u63a8\u5e7f\u6c49\u8bed\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7acb\u8db3\u4e8e\u6587\u5316\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8d4b\u4e88\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/span><br style=\"color: #000000\" \/><br style=\"color: #000000\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000\">\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u534f\u4f1a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u6307\u8d23\uff0c\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u5bf9\u5f85\u4e2d\u56fd\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u60ef\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u3002\u4ecd\u5c06\u897f\u85cf\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6d3e\u7cfb\u6597\u4e89\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u4eba\u6743\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u8001\u751f\u5e38\u8c08\u3002\u5374\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\uff0c\u9664\u53bb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u654f\u611f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u8c08\u8bba\u6b64\u7c7b\u5b66\u672f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u9002\u5408\u573a\u6240\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u534f\u4f1a\u5982\u82e5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u80fd\u8c08\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9650\u5236\u5b66\u672f\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u786e\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u50b2\u6162\u548c\u504f\u89c1\u4e4b\u611f\u3002\u53cd\u89c2\uff0c\u5927\u9646\u5728\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u6709\u5f85\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u6d77\u5916\u63a8\u5e7f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7f3a\u5c11\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u6cbf\u7528\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u9646\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u8a00\u8bba\u8868\u8fbe\u548c\u610f\u89c1\u8ba8\u8bba\u52a0\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6b8a\u4e0d\u77e5\uff0c\u5728\u6c11\u4f17\u8868\u8fbe\u6c1b\u56f4\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bbd\u677e\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u754c\uff0c\u9650\u5b9a\u8ba8\u8bba\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u96be\u4ee5\u83b7\u8ba4\u540c\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u63a8\u5e7f\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u534f\u52a9\u5176\u5f00\u5c55\u5bf9\u5916\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u4e86\u89e3\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u6247\u865a\u63a9\u7740\u7684\u7a97\u6237\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u4e0d\u59a8\u81ea\u4fe1\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u5766\u8361\u7684\u9762\u5bf9\u6b64\u7c7b\u654f\u611f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u83b7\u5f97\u8ba4\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>(\u9648\u6021 \u64b0\u7a3f)<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u3010\u591a\u7ef4\u65b0\u95fb\u3011\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5927\u9646\u8bbe\u7acb\u7684\u610f\u5728\u63a8\u5e7f\u6c49\u8bed\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u5728\u5411\u5916\u63a8\u5e7f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u963b\u529b\u3002 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1011,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","ampforwp-amp-on-off":"","home_featured":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[20534],"tags":[25877,8639,8643,9932,10091,12380,14492,15427],"class_list":["post-351246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-20534","tag-25877","tag-8639","tag-8643","tag-9932","tag-10091","tag-12380","tag-14492","tag-15427","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/351246","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1011"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=351246"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/351246\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=351246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=351246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=351246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}