{"id":418358,"date":"2015-11-19T10:36:08","date_gmt":"2015-11-19T18:36:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/?p=418358"},"modified":"2017-03-03T11:13:28","modified_gmt":"2017-03-03T19:13:28","slug":"%e5%8d%95%e8%af%bb-%e6%b5%81%e4%ba%a1%e7%9a%84%e9%aa%a8%e5%a4%b4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/418358.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5355\u8bfb | 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20 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1916 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4ee5\u201c\u8428\u62c9\u8499\u00b7\u963f\u53e4\u4ec0\u201d\uff08Salamon \u00e1kos\uff09\u7684\u7b14\u540d\u5728\u300a\u4f69\u65af\u5468\u62a5\u300b\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5904\u5973\u4f5c\u300a\u5362\u514b\u857e\u897f\u4e9a\u5bb6\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u300b\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u5e08\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77ed\u7bc7\u5c0f\u8bf4\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u9177\u7231\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u5c11\u5e74\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u9f13\u821e\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u8d35\u65cf\u79f0\u8c13\u201c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1918 \u5e74 1 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src=\"http:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz\/b5TdseW7Xbxo7sEq4DrvNeFpQVBl4ee2Q1C6qwyEMeb9Oiavu7icb5jPgG9BVBwDkJWWynH5kjB2fyqErm9d2a1A\/640?tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u4e2d\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u4e5f\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u3002\u5e03\u8fbe\u4f69\u65af\u9677\u5165\u9769\u547d\u98ce\u66b4\u548c\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u5c60\u6740\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdc\u79bb\u8840\u8165\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f7b\u5e95\u9003\u79bb\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u7ba1\u675f\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u51b3\u5b9a\u53bb\u897f\u65b9\u6c42\u5b66\u3002 1919 \u5e74 10 \u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u5148\u53bb\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u83b1\u6bd4\u9521\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u5b66\u9662\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u53bb\u4e86\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\uff081920 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decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz\/b5TdseW7XbxJpYwPB4QDLLSHhaAM6lpCmkKMhctkW7K0WbU0eWPweL2JqZqcCicPUjrLVJQzCRw3Ded7HQ78atQ\/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1\" alt=\"\" \/><br 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\u5e74 10 \u6708 12 \u65e5\uff0c\u5bf9\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e2a\u60b2\u4f24\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u53bb\u4e16\u5bf9\u4ed6\u6253\u51fb\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u867d\u7136\u7236\u4eb2\u5f88\u5c11\u8ddf\u4ed6\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u54c1\u5fb7\u548c\u4fee\u517b\u4e0a\u7ed9\u4e88\u4ed6\u6f5c\u79fb\u9ed8\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u3002\u4e2d\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u65f6\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u66fe\u5199\u4fe1\u5411\u597d\u53cb\u503e\u8bc9\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u63cf\u8ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u699c\u6837\uff1a\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u656c\u91cd\u4f46\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u4eba\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u5411\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c\u59a5\u534f\u3001\u6c38\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u574d\u584c\u7684\u5bb6\u91cc\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u7ef4\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff1a\u65e0\u5bb6\u611f\u3002\u201d\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u6b7b\uff0c\u4f7f\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u9677\u5165\u5185\u5fc3\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u5b64\u72ec\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u5199\u8bd7\u4e86\u7684\u4ed6\uff0c\u5728\u60b2\u75db\u4e2d\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u9996\u300a\u7236\u4eb2\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1930 \u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7eb3\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u65e5\u76ca\u56a3\u5f20\uff0c\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u66fc\u4e8e 1930 \u5e74 10 \u6708 17 \u65e5\u5728\u67cf\u6797\u8d1d\u591a\u82ac\u5385\u53d1\u8868\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300a\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u81f4\u8bcd\u300b\uff0c\u76f4\u8a00\u4e0d\u8bb3\u5730\u79f0\u7eb3\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u201c\u602a\u50fb\u91ce\u86ee\u884c\u5f84\u7684\u72c2\u6f6e\uff0c\u4f4e\u7ea7\u7684\u86ca\u60d1\u6c11\u5fc3\u7684\u5e74\u5e02\u4e0a\u624d\u89c1\u7684\u7c97\u9c81\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u7fa4\u4f17\u6027\u75c9\u631b\uff0c\u6d41\u6c13\u53eb\u56a3\uff0c\u54c8\u5229\u8def\u4e9a\uff0c\u5fb7\u7ef4\u65af\u50e7\u4fa3\u5f0f\u7684\u53cd\u590d\u9882\u5ff5\u5355\u4e00\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u53e3\u8fb9\u5e26\u6cab\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u53d7\u5230\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u8feb\u5bb3\u3002\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u4e0e\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u66fc\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u7387\u5148\u5728\u5308\u7259\u5229\u62a5\u7eb8\u4e0a\u64b0\u6587\uff0c\u63d0\u9192\u540c\u80de\u63d0\u9ad8\u8b66\u60d5\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u906d\u5230\u672c\u56fd\u7684\u6c11\u7cb9\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u618e\u6068\uff0c\u89c6\u4ed6\u4e3a\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u5de6\u6d3e\u5206\u5b50\u3002 1935 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u52a8\u8eab\u6d41\u4ea1\u7684\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u66fc\u5728\u5e03\u8fbe\u57ce\u5821\u4f1a\u9762\uff0c\u66f4\u575a\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u53cd\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u7acb\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz\/b5TdseW7XbxJpYwPB4QDLLSHhaAM6lpC3W08yich1LmuHKWJ15mTJia7kiavrcbEP05WAiauzicy52X9BADXLFIgp4g\/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1\" alt=\"\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u66fc\uff081875\u20141955\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1939 \u5e74 2 \u6708 28 \u65e5\uff0c\u7f57\u62c9\u4e3a\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7231\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u53d6\u540d\u201c\u514b\u5229\u65af\u6258\u592b\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5b69\u5b50\u53ea\u6d3b\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u661f\u671f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e78\u6b7b\u4e8e\u5185\u51fa\u8840\u3002\u4ece\u90a3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u5f20\u5b57\u6761\u653e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u91cc\u5e26\u5728\u8eab\u8fb9\uff0c\u5b57\u6761\u4e0a\u5199\u7740\uff1a\u201c\u514b\u5229\u65af\u6258\u592b\uff0c\u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u514b\u5229\u65af\u6258\u592b\uff01\u4f60\u522b\u751f\u75c5\uff01\uff01\uff01\u201d\u846c\u793c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u957f\u8fbe\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u6c89\u9ed8\u4e0d\u8bed\uff0c\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u9996\u300a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5a74\u513f\u4e4b\u6b7b\u300b\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>\u4ed6\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4ed6\u5934\u53d1\u7684\u9999\u6c14\u7559\u5728\u68b3\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e00\u53ea\u7ef4\u5c3c\u718a\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u8bc1\u660e\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e00\u5757\u5e26\u8840\u7684\u7834\u5e03\u548c\u4e00\u6761\u7ef7\u5e26\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e07\u80fd\u4e0e\u5168\u77e5\u554a\uff0c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6211\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5bf9\u6211\u8fd9\u6837\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6211\u4e0d\u53eb\u558a\u3002\u6d3b\u7740\u5e76\u6c89\u9ed8\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u73b0\u5728\u4ed6\u662f\u5929\u4f7f\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u5b58\u5728\u5929\u4f7f\u7684\u8bdd\u2014\u2014<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f46\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u65e0\u804a\u548c\u611a\u8822\uff0c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u539f\u8c05\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\uff0c\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5c31\u5728\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u4e27\u5b50\u7684\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u611f\u5230\u5341\u5206\u60b2\u6124\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u4f69\u65af\u65b0\u95fb\u62a5\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u544a\u522b\u300b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5f53\u9ed1\u6697\u7684\u9634\u4e91\u7b3c\u7f69\u4e86\u8fd9\u7247\u9ad8\u8d35\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6545\u4e61\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5730\u7406\u540d\u79f0\u53eb\u6b27\u6d32\uff1a\u6211\u95ed\u4e0a\u4e86\u773c\u775b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u77ac\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u5c31\u6b64\u544a\u522b\u2026\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz\/b5TdseW7Xbxo7sEq4DrvNeFpQVBl4ee2Q1C6qwyEMeb9Oiavu7icb5jPgG9BVBwDkJWWynH5kjB2fyqErm9d2a1A\/640?tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1944 \u5e74 3 \u6708 19 \u65e5\uff0c\u5fb7\u519b\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u5308\u7259\u5229\u3002\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5728\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e2d\u60b2\u6124\u5730\u5199\u4e0b\uff1a\u201c\u803b\u8fb1\u5730\u6d3b\u7740\uff01\u803b\u8fb1\u5730\u5728\u767e\u65e5\u884c\u8d70\uff01\u803b\u8fb1\u5730\u6d3b\u7740\uff01\u2026\u2026\u6211\u5fc3\u91cc\u4eff\u4f5b\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u57283 \u670819\u65e5\u7834\u788e\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u542c\u4e0d\u5230\u6211\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff1b\u5c31\u50cf\u88ab\u4e50\u5668\u9707\u804b\u4e86\u8033\u6735\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u5929\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f5c\u5bb6\u592b\u5987\u9003\u5230\u4e86\u5e03\u8fbe\u4f69\u65af\u90ca\u5916\u7684\u5973\u513f\u6751\uff08Le\u00e1nyfalu\uff09\u907f\u96be\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u7f57\u62c9\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u88ab\u5173\u5165\u4e86\u8003\u7ecd\u7684\u201c\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u96c6\u4e2d\u533a\u201d\uff0c\u7f57\u62c9\u7684\u59b9\u59b9\u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u8ddf\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u8fd8\u5728\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a\u66fe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5973\u4eba\u627e\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u8bf4\u53ea\u8981\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ed8\u4e00\u7b14\u94b1\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u76d6\u4e16\u592a\u4fdd\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\u642d\u4e58\u4e00\u67b6\u7ea2\u5341\u5b57\u4f1a\u98de\u673a\u98de\u5f80\u5f00\u7f57\uff0c\u4f46\u88ab\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u56de\u7edd\u4e86\u2026\u2026\u540e\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e78\u8fd0\u5730\u8eb2\u8fc7\u4e00\u52ab\uff0c\u642d\u4e58\u90a3\u67b6\u98de\u673a\u7684\u4eba\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u9001\u8fdb\u4e86\u5fb7\u519b\u5728\u5965\u5730\u5229\u5883\u5185\u5efa\u9020\u7684\u8305\u7279\u68ee\u96c6\u4e2d\u8425\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u65b0\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1945 \u5e74 2 \u6708\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5728\u5e03\u8fbe\u4f69\u65af\u7684\u516c\u5bd3\u5728\u7a7a\u88ad\u4e2d\u88ab\u70b8\u6210\u4e86\u5e9f\u589f\uff0c\u516d\u4e07\u518c\u85cf\u4e66\u7684\u6bc1\u706d\uff0c\u8c61\u5f81\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6bc1\u706d\u3002\u6218\u706b\u5e73\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u65b0\u620f\u300a\u5192\u9669\u300b\u516c\u6f14\u5927\u83b7\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4ed6\u7528\u8fd9\u7b14\u6536\u5165\u4e70\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u4e00\u5c45\u7684\u516c\u5bd3\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4f4f\u5230 1948 \u5e74\u6d41\u4ea1\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u4ed6\u6bcd\u4eb2\u4f4f\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u76f4\u5230 1964 \u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u5f53\u5c40\u8bf7\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u51fa\u4efb\u5308\u7259\u5229\u2014\u6377\u514b\u65af\u6d1b\u4f10\u514b\u53cb\u597d\u534f\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u88ab\u4ed6\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u4e61\u88ab\u5272\u8ba9\u3001\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u540c\u80de\u88ab\u9a71\u9010\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u626e\u6f14\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73a9\u5076\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6050\u6016\u4ece\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u90a3\u91cc\u5b66\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5207\uff1a\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u4ece\u4e2d\u5438\u53d6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4f46\u62d2\u7edd\u5f53\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u9000\u51fa\u534f\u4f1a\u8868\u793a\u6297\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u53d7\u5230\u5de6\u7ffc\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8bb0\u6068\uff0c\u88ab\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u89c6\u4e3a\u5371\u9669\u7684\u53f3\u6d3e\u3001\u201c\u4e0e\u65b0\u793e\u4f1a\u683c\u683c\u4e0d\u5165\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u6b8b\u6e23\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u987e\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u53f3\u6d3e\u5de6\u6d3e\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5148\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u540e\u62c9\u62e2\uff0c\u62c9\u62e2\u4e0d\u6210\uff0c\u6253\u538b\u5664\u58f0\uff1b\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8fde\u4ed6\u7684\u8089\u8eab\u5b58\u5728\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ee4\u5f53\u6743\u8005\u4e0d\u582a\u5bb9\u5fcd\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u903c\u8feb\u4ed6\u6d41\u4ea1\u897f\u65b9\u2026\u2026\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5728\u6587\u5b66\u4e0a\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u9020\u8be3\u3001\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u548c\u9ad8\u8d85\u7684\u6c34\u51c6\u4f7f\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u9b45\u529b\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u6b32\u7f62\u4e0d\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u6301\u6709\u54ea\u6d3e\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u5fcd\u4e0d\u4f4f\u4f1a\u53bb\u8bfb\u4ed6\u7684\u4e66\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u5199\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4f1a\u72ec\u6811\u4e00\u5e1c\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u89e6\u52a8\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u90fd\u62e5\u6709\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5426\u8ba4\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u4eba\u6587\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1947 \u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u867d\u7136\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u5308\u7259\u5229\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u540d\u8854\u548c\u52cb\u7ae0\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u98ce\u9aa8\u3001\u4ed6\u7684\u6297\u62d2\u6027\u6c89\u9ed8\u3001\u4ed6\u4e0e\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u5b66\u4fdd\u6301\u6e05\u9192\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4ecd\u96be\u9003\u8131\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u6253\u538b\u3002 1948 \u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u6c38\u8fdc\u5730\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u6545\u4e61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u4ece 1948 \u5e74 8 \u6708 31 \u65e5\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u548c\u7f57\u62c9\u79bb\u5f00\u5308\u7259\u5229\u540e\uff0c\u81f3\u6b7b\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u518d\u56de\u90a3\u7247\u571f\u5730\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8d70\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5341\u5206\u5b64\u72ec\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u5230\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9\u9001\u884c\u3002<strong>\u5728\u745e\u58eb\uff0c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u4f7f\u9986\u7684\u4eba\u627e\u5230\u4ed6\u95ee\uff1a\u201c\u60a8\u662f\u5de6\u6d3e\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u73b0\u5728 95 % \u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u8981\u79bb\u5f00\uff1f\u201d\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u201c\u4e3a\u4e86\u90a3 5 % \u3002\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u4eec\u5148\u5728\u745e\u58eb\u9017\u7559\u4e86\u51e0\u5468\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u79fb\u5c45\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u90a3\u4e0d\u52d2\u65af\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4e00\u76f4\u4f4f\u5230 1952 \u5e74\u3002 1949 \u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u4ec5\u7528\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5199\u5b8c\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u90e8\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u54c1\u300a\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u2026\u2026\uff01\u300b\uff0c\u8fd9\u90e8\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u6d41\u4ea1\u521d\u671f\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230 1972 \u5e74\u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u5728\u300a\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u6c89\u9ed8\u300b\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u300a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e02\u6c11\u7684\u81ea\u767d\u300b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u3002\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5728\u300a\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u2026\u2026\uff01\u300b\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c<strong>\u6211\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u79bb\u5f00\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u5199\u4f5c\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u751a\u8005\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u6c89\u9ed8\u3002<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u610f\u5927\u5229\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u300a\u81ea\u7531\u300b\u65e5\u62a5\u548c\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u6b27\u6d32\u7535\u53f0\u201d\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz\/b5TdseW7Xbxo7sEq4DrvNeFpQVBl4ee2Q1C6qwyEMeb9Oiavu7icb5jPgG9BVBwDkJWWynH5kjB2fyqErm9d2a1A\/640?tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1952 \u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u548c\u7f57\u62c9\u79fb\u5c45\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u6d41\u4ea1\u4e2d\u5199\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u300a\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u4f0a\u8428\u5361\u5c9b\u300b\u3002 1954 \u5e74\u5728\u300a\u6587\u5316\u4eba\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u53d1\u8868\u957f\u8bd7\u300a\u4ea1\u4eba\u7684\u8bdd\u300b\uff0c\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a20 \u4e16\u7eaa\u5308\u7259\u5229\u8bd7\u6b4c\u7684\u6770\u4f5c\u3002\u8eab\u5728\u5f02\u90a6\uff0c\u5fc3\u5728\u5bb6\u4e61\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u66fe\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u56ed\u91cc\u5199\u8fc7\u4e00\u9996\u5c0f\u8bd7\u300a\u6211\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u54ea\u513f\uff1f\u300b\uff0c\u6d41\u9732\u51fa\u4ed6\u80cc\u4e95\u79bb\u4e61\u7684\u65e0\u5948\u548c\u60c6\u6005\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>\u6211\u5750\u5728\u957f\u6905\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ef0\u671b\u7740\u5929\u7a7a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u56ed\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u739b\u683c\u4e3d\u7279\u5c9b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u751f\u6d3b\u591a\u4e48\u7f8e\u597d\u2014\u2014\u6211\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u9762\u5305\u6709\u80a1\u591a\u4e48\u602a\u7684\u5473\u9053\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u600e\u6837\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\u548c\u600e\u6837\u7684\u8857\u9053\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u83ab\u975e\u73b0\u5728\u53eb\u5361\u6d1b\u4f0a\u73af\u8def\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8fd9\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u554a\uff01\u2014\u2014\u80fd\u591f\u5fcd\u53d7\u5306\u5fd9\u7684\u811a\u6b65\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5230\u5e95\u8c01\u5728\u7167\u770b\u53ef\u601c\u7956\u6bcd\u7684\u575f\u51a2\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7a7a\u6c14\u9189\u4eba\u3002\u9633\u5149\u660e\u5a9a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e0a\u5e1d\u554a\uff01\u2014\u2014\u6211\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u54ea\u513f\uff1f<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>1956 \u5e74 10 \u6708\uff0c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u7206\u53d1\u4e86\u53cd\u6297\u82cf\u8054\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5728\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u6b27\u6d32\u7535\u53f0\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u4e8b\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002\u6b21\u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u592b\u5987\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u7c4d\u3002 1967 \u5e74\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u592b\u5987\u79fb\u5c45\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5357\u90e8\u7684\u8428\u83b1\u8bfa\u5e02\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1973 \u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u548c\u7f57\u62c9\u53bb\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\u65c5\u6e38\u4ee5\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4ed6\u4fe9\u7ed3\u5a5a\u4e94\u5341\u5468\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u54ab\u5c3a\u4e4b\u9065\u7684\u7956\u56fd\u3002\u81ea\u4ece\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u6d41\u4ea1\u540e\uff0c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u67e5\u7981\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002 1970 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6539\u5584\u56fd\u9645\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u89e3\u7981\u4e86\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9080\u8bf7\u4f5c\u5bb6\u56de\u56fd\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u7684\u9aa8\u5934\u5f88\u786c\uff0c\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u4e61\u8fd8\u4e0d\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u51b3\u4e0d\u8fd4\u4e61\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7981\u6b62\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5728\u5308\u7259\u5229\u51fa\u7248\u3002 1974 \u5e74\u5e95\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd4\u56de\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c 1980 \u5e74\u79fb\u5c45\u5723\u5730\u4e9a\u54e5\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4ed6\u7684\u665a\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n<p>20 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\u81f31985 \u5e74\u7684\u300a\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9664\u4e86\u300a\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u2026\u2026\uff01\u300b\u5916\uff0c\u5c31\u8be5\u7b97\u300a\u5c24\u8fea\u7279\u2026\u2026\u548c\u5c3e\u58f0\u300b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u300a\u5c24\u8fea\u7279\u2026\u2026\u548c\u5c3e\u58f0\u300b\u662f\u300a\u771f\u7231\u300b\u7684\u7eed\u7bc7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u5bf9\u60c5\u4eba\u72ec\u767d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u5199\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5ef6\u7eed\u5230\u4e86\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4e3a\u901d\u53bb\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u548c\u88ab\u6218\u4e89\u548c\u9769\u547d\u6d88\u706d\u4e86\u7684\u201c\u5e02\u6c11\u6587\u5316\u201d\u5531\u4e86\u633d\u6b4c\u3002\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u4e66\u91cc\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u2014\u2014\u7ad9\u5728\u88ab\u70b8\u6bc1\u7684\u516c\u5bd3\u5e9f\u589f\u4e2d\u592e\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u51e0\u4e07\u5377\u88ab\u70b8\u6210\u7eb8\u6d46\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e2d\u592e\uff0c\u76f4\u9762\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6bc1\u706d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u4e00\u751f\u552f\u4e00\u7eed\u5199\u7684\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8fd9\u90e8\u4e66\u60c5\u6709\u72ec\u949f\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u300a\u771f\u7231\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5c24\u8fea\u7279\u2026\u2026\u548c\u5c3e\u58f0\u300b\u88ab\u5408\u8ba2\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bfb\u8005\u5c06\u8981\u8bfb\u5230\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u300a\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u72ec\u767d\u7684\u7231\u60c5\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6d41\u4ea1\u7684\u5c81\u6708\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u9664\u4e86\u4e0e\u7231\u59bb\u7f57\u62c9\u76f8\u4f9d\u4e3a\u547d\uff0c\u4e0d\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f03\uff0c\u8fd8\u9886\u517b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u4e9a\u8bfa\u58eb\uff0c\u4e9a\u8bfa\u58eb\u7ed3\u5a5a\u540e\u751f\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6210\u4e86\u4f5c\u5bb6\u592b\u5987\u7684\u611f\u60c5\u5b89\u6170\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5c81\u6708\u65e0\u60c5\uff0c\u4ece 1985 \u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u6b7b\u795e\u4e00\u6b21\u6b21\u903c\u8fd1\u4ed6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5f1f\u5f1f\u4f3d\u535a\u5c14\u548c\u59b9\u59b9\u5361\u6258\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\u3002 1986 \u5e74 1 \u6708 4 \u65e5\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u53ae\u5b88\u4e86\u534a\u4e2a\u591a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u7231\u59bb\u7f57\u62c9\u4e5f\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u4ed6\uff1b\u79cb\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u90a3\u4f4d\u662f\u7535\u5f71\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u5f1f\u5f1f\u76d6\u4f50\u53bb\u4e16\u3002 1987 \u5e74\u6625\u5929\uff0c\u517b\u5b50\u4e9a\u8bfa\u58eb\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e78\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u767d\u53d1\u4eba\u9001\u9ed1\u53d1\u4eba\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u518d\u6b21\u9677\u5165\u6df1\u6df1\u7684\u60b2\u75db\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u5e74\u79cb\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u9057\u5631\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz\/b5TdseW7Xbxo7sEq4DrvNeFpQVBl4ee2Q1C6qwyEMeb9Oiavu7icb5jPgG9BVBwDkJWWynH5kjB2fyqErm9d2a1A\/640?tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1988 \u5e74\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e1c\u6b27\u5c40\u52bf\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u548c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u4f5c\u5bb6\u534f\u4f1a\u5148\u540e\u4e0e\u4ed6\u53d6\u5f97\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u4ed6\u53f6\u843d\u5f52\u6839\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u52a8\u5fc3\u3002<strong>\u5c81\u6708\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba9\u4ed6\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u60f3\u5931\u53bb\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5206\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u575a\u6301\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u672a\u7b49\u5230\u7956\u56fd\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4ed6\u592a\u8001\u4e86\uff0c\u592a\u5b64\u72ec\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1989 \u5e74 1 \u6708 15 \u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u65e5\u8bb0\u91cc\u5199\u4e0b\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u7b49\u7740\u6b7b\u795e\u7684\u53ec\u5524\uff0c\u6211\u5e76\u4e0d\u7740\u6025\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e0d\u803d\u6401\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u5230\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>2 \u6708 20 \u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u7ed9\u597d\u53cb\u3001\u9057\u7a3f\u6258\u7ba1\u4eba\u6c83\u7f57\u4ec0\u74e6\u5229\u00b7\u4f0a\u4ec0\u7279\u4e07\uff08V.r.sv\u00e1ry Istv\u00e1n \uff09\u592b\u5987\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u4f0a\u4ec0\u7279\u4e07\u548c\u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u4f0a\u83b2\uff1a\u6211\u5fc3\u7070\u610f\u61d2\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0b\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u59cb\u7ec8\u75b2\u4e4f\u65e0\u529b\uff0c\u518d\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u6211\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8fdb\u533b\u9662\u63a5\u53d7\u770b\u62a4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6211\u60f3\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u3002\u8c22\u8c22\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u53cb\u8c0a\u3002\u4f60\u4eec\u8981\u597d\u597d\u7167\u987e\u5f7c\u6b64\u3002\u6211\u6000\u7740\u6700\u597d\u7684\u795d\u613f\u60f3\u5ff5\u4f60\u4eec\u3002\u9a6c\u6d1b\u4f0a\u00b7\u5c71\u591a\u5c14\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>2 \u6708 21 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1942 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