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2011\u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e09\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u201c\u624b\u52a8\u201d\u5220\u5e16\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u8bc1\u7814\u7a76\u30022014\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\u628a\u7814\u7a76\u63a8\u8fdb\u5230\u4e13\u804c\u751f\u4ea7\u201c\u6b63\u80fd\u91cf\u201d\u7684\u201c\u4e94\u6bdb\u515a\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u51fa\u7089\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u8bba\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u516c\u4f17\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u70ed\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

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2011\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u52a0\u91cc\u00b7\u91d1\uff08Gary King\uff09\u53ca\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u6f58\u5a55\uff08Jennifer Pan\uff09\u3001\u739b\u683c\u4e3d\u7279\u00b7\u7f57\u4f2f\u8328\uff08Margaret E. Roberts\uff09\uff0c\u62a2\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5220\u5e16\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ece1300\u591a\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u81ea\u52a8\u6293\u53d6\u4e86\u903e 300 \u4e07\u7f51\u5e16\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5404\u5927\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7ad9\u3001\u8bba\u575b\u548c\u5fae\u535a\u4e0a\u6ce8\u518c\u5e10\u53f7\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u70ed\u70b9\u53d1\u8868\u5404\u7c7b\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bd5\u63a2\u5ba1\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n

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2014\u5e74\uff0c\u52a0\u91cc\u00b7\u91d1\u56e2\u961f\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e2d\u56fd\u7f51\u7edc\u201c\u4e94\u6bdb\u515a\u201d\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4e0b\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u524d\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u8bba\u51fa\u7089\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u6b64\u524d\u5404\u754c\u7684\u5e38\u8bc6\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u4e94\u6bdb\u515a\u201d\uff0c\u6307\u53d7\u96c7\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bc4\u8bba\u5458\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e38\u4ee5\u666e\u901a\u7f51\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\u5927\u6279\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u5f15\u5bfc\u6216\u5236\u9020\u7f51\u7edc\u8206\u8bba\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5bf9\u653f\u5e9c\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u56e0\u88ab\u7f51\u6c11\u8bbd\u523a\u201c\u6bcf\u53d1\u4e00\u5e16\u80fd\u6323\u4e94\u6bdb\u94b1\u201d\u800c\u5f97\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4ece\u56fe\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4e24\u7ec4\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u9891\u7387\u5cf0\u503c\u7684\u786e\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u660e\u663e\u5206\u5316\uff1a2013\u5e74\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e3b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u5cf0\u503c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u4e4b\u524d\u51fa\u73b0\u5f97\u8fdc\u66f4\u4e3a\u9891\u7e41\u3002<\/p>\n

\"2013\u5e74\u524d\u540e\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u63a7\u4ece\u88ab\u52a8\u56e0\u5e94\u8f6c\u5411\u4e3b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u56fe\uff1a\u7aef\u4f20\u5a92\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90e8\"

2013\u5e74\u524d\u540e\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u63a7\u4ece\u88ab\u52a8\u56e0\u5e94\u8f6c\u5411\u4e3b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u56fe\uff1a\u7aef\u4f20\u5a92\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90e8<\/p><\/div>\n

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\"2013\u5e74\u662f\u201c\u4e94\u6bdb\u515a\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u81ea\u5e72\u4e94\u201d\u641c\u7d22\u70ed\u5ea6\u7684\u5206\u6c34\u5cad\u3002\u56fe\uff1a\u7aef\u4f20\u5a92\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90e8\"

2013\u5e74\u662f\u201c\u4e94\u6bdb\u515a\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u81ea\u5e72\u4e94\u201d\u641c\u7d22\u70ed\u5ea6\u7684\u5206\u6c34\u5cad\u3002\u56fe\uff1a\u7aef\u4f20\u5a92\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90e8<\/p><\/div>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\"\u7f51\u6c11\u5bf9\u975e\u6b63\u7edf\u5b98\u65b9\u8d2c\u4e49\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u57282013\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u51fa\u73b0\u5cf0\u503c\u3002\u56fe\uff1a\u7aef\u4f20\u5a92\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90e8\"

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\u653f\u5e9c\u884c\u4e3a\u76842013\u5206\u6c34\u5cad<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7f51\u6c11\u611f\u53d7\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u6e90\u4e8e\u653f\u5e9c\u884c\u4e3a\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5b98\u65b9\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8bc1\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81ea 2011 \u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u65b0\u6d6a\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u7f51\u8206\u60c5\u76d1\u6d4b\u5ba4\u901a\u5e38\u6bcf\u534a\u5e74\u4fbf\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u6b21\u300a\u653f\u52a1\u5fae\u535a\u62a5\u544a\u300b\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u5185\u503c\u5f97\u7559\u610f\u7684\u6d89\u653f\u52a8\u5411\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5b9e\u540d\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u515a\u653f\u673a\u6784\u548c\u5b98\u5458\u4e2a\u4eba\u5fae\u535a\u8d26\u6237\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\"2013\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u673a\u6784\u7684\u5fae\u535a\u5e10\u6237\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u671f\u5b98\u5458\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5fae\u535a\u8d26\u6237\u4ec5\u6709\u5c0f\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u5e73\u7a33\u3002\u56fe\uff1a\u7aef\u4f20\u5a92\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90e8\"

2013\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u673a\u6784\u7684\u5fae\u535a\u5e10\u6237\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u671f\u5b98\u5458\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5fae\u535a\u8d26\u6237\u4ec5\u6709\u5c0f\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u5e73\u7a33\u3002\u56fe\uff1a\u7aef\u4f20\u5a92\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90e8<\/p><\/div>\n

\u4ece\u4e0a\u56fe\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u663e\u770b\u51fa\uff0c2012 \u5e74\u5e95\u81f3 2013 \u5e74\u4e2d\u65ec\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u673a\u6784\u5b9e\u540d\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5fae\u535a\u8d26\u53f7\u51fa\u73b0\u6fc0\u589e\uff0c\u800c\u5b98\u5458\u4e2a\u4eba\u5b9e\u540d\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5fae\u535a\u8d26\u53f7\u53d8\u5316\u975e\u5e38\u5e73\u7a33\uff0c\u4e0e\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u6574\u4f53\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7528\u6237\u6570\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u8d26\u53f7\u7684\u589e\u957f\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u201c\u7a81\u7136\u5bf9\u5fae\u535a\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u800c\u6ce8\u518c\u201d\u7684\u81ea\u53d1\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5b98\u65b9\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u52a8\u5458\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u5c40\u8f6c\u5411\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f15\u5bfc\u7f51\u7edc\u8206\u8bba\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd8\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u4e86\u653f\u52a1\u5fae\u535a\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u5316\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

2011 \u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u5173\u6700\u521d\u5f00\u59cb\u8bbe\u7acb\u5fae\u535a\u5e10\u53f7\u65f6\uff0c\u516c\u5b89\u5fae\u535a\u5360\u5230\u4e86\u5168\u4f53\u6d89\u653f\u5fae\u535a\u53f7\u6570\u91cf\u7684 43%\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u5e10\u53f7\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5219\u4e13\u95e8\u63d0\u4f9b\u53f8\u6cd5\u3001\u5de5\u5546\u7a0e\u52a1\u3001\u533b\u7597\u536b\u751f\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u516c\u5171\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u5ba3\u4f20\u7684\u5171\u9752\u56e2\u5fae\u535a\u53f7\u53ea\u5360\u5230\u4e86\u6574\u4f53\u7684 9%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c40\u9762\u81ea 2013 \u5e74\u8d77\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u6539\u89c2\u2500\u2500\u968f\u7740\u5171\u9752\u56e2\u4e2d\u592e\u8fdb\u9a7b\u5fae\u535a\uff0c\u5404\u7ea7\u5730\u65b9\u56e2\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7eb7\u7eb7\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u5171\u9752\u56e2\u548c\u515a\u653f\u5ba3\u4f20\u5e10\u53f7\u5df2\u7136\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u5b98\u65b9\u5fae\u535a\u53f7\u7684\u534a\u58c1\u6c5f\u5c71\u3002\u8fd9\u51e0\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\"2013\u5e74\u52302014\u5e74\uff0c\u5171\u9752\u56e2\u548c\u515a\u653f\u5ba3\u4f20\u5b98\u65b9\u5fae\u535a\u8d26\u6237\u6570\u91cf\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u957f\u3002\u56fe\uff1a\u7aef\u4f20\u5a92\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90e8\"

2013\u5e74\u52302014\u5e74\uff0c\u5171\u9752\u56e2\u548c\u515a\u653f\u5ba3\u4f20\u5b98\u65b9\u5fae\u535a\u8d26\u6237\u6570\u91cf\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u957f\u3002\u56fe\uff1a\u7aef\u4f20\u5a92\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90e8<\/p><\/div>\n

\u7531\u88ab\u52a8\u63a7\u5236\u8f6c\u5411\u4e3b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5ba3\u544a\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u51b3\u5b9a\u91c7\u53d6\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7406\u5b9e\u4f53\u56fd\u5bb6\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u201c\u6cbb\u7406\u201d\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5220\u5e16\u548c\u5c4f\u853d\uff1f\u4e0d\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5316\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f3a\u5931\u6c11\u4e3b\u95ee\u8d23\u5236\u548c\u6cd5\u6cbb\uff0c\u4f46\u56fd\u5bb6\u80fd\u529b\uff08state capacity\uff09\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5316\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u800c\u65bd\u5c55\u56fd\u5bb6\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fb9\u754c\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u9886\u57df\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u5f3a\u529b\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u5784\u65ad\u3002\u4f46\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u865a\u62df\u7a7a\u95f4\u90fd\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u201c\u8fb9\u754c\u6e05\u6670\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

2000 \u5e74\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u514b\u6797\u987f\u66fe\u81ea\u4fe1\u5730\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5c06\u6539\u53d8\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4f01\u56fe\u7ba1\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u65e0\u5f02\u4e8e\u201c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u679c\u51bb\u9489\u5728\u5899\u4e0a\u201d\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u514b\u6797\u987f\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u662f\u8499\u7740\u773c\u7684\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u8349\u6839\u503e\u8986\u653f\u6743\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u78e8\u5229\u653f\u6743\u7ba1\u6cbb\u7684\u94c1\u94b3\u3002<\/p>\n

2011 \u5e74\uff0c\u201c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4e4b\u6625\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u7814\u7a76\u6743\u5a01\u62c9\u91cc\u00b7\u6234\u8499\u5fb7\uff08Larry Diamond\uff09\u5373\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5207\u5165\u5206\u6790\u79f0\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u8fd0\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u6280\u672f\u201d\uff08liberation technology\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5a01\u6743\u653f\u5e9c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9\u6280\u672f\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u4e3a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ba1\u63a7\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u5206\u522b\u91c7\u7528\u4f55\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5c06\u6700\u7ec8\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u6280\u672f\u201d\u80fd\u53d1\u6325\u591a\u5927\u6548\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u89d2\u5ea6\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u771f\u6b63\u5e0c\u671b\u8fbe\u6210\u2500\u2500\u4e5f\u6b63\u5728\u8fbe\u6210\u4e4b\u4e2d\u2500\u2500\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5220\u5e16\u548c\u5c4f\u853d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u793e\u4f1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u5bf9\u5b9e\u4f53\u793e\u4f1a\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u638c\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8206\u8bba\u5bfc\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n

2013\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u66fe\u4e00\u5ea6\u9677\u5165\u5220\u5e16\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u963b\u788d\u6c11\u95f4\u58f0\u97f3\u7684\u5c40\u9762\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u201d\u5c06\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u201c\u5708\u201d\u5230\u56fd\u5185\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u7ba1\u8f96\u3002<\/p>\n

\u52a0\u91cc\u00b7\u91d1\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u6f58\u5a55\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u578b\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u5b8c\u5168\u56fd\u4ea7\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u653f\u5e9c\u7ba1\u8f96\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5b83\u5a01\u6743\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f Facebook \u548c Twitter \u7b49\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u5927\u884c\u5176\u9053\u3002\u8fd9\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u5c06\u679c\u51bb\u9489\u5728\u5899\u4e0a\u201d\u7684\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4efb\u52a1\u201d\uff0c\u5212\u5b9a\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u201d\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u56fd\u5bb6\u5316\u3001\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u80fd\u529b\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7f51\u7edc\u8206\u8bba\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

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