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Stam\uff09\u3001\u53f2\u6587\u660e\uff08Elizabeth Alden Scott Betty Stam\uff09\u592b\u5987\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e74\u4ec5\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u5927\u7684\u5973\u513f\u6d77\u4f26\uff08Helen Priscilla Stam\uff09\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5f80\u6614\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u8981\u6c42\u5e08\u8fbe\u80fd\u592b\u5987\u4f20\u4fe1\u4e0a\u6d77\u6559\u4f1a\u603b\u90e8\uff0c\u4e24\u4e07\u5927\u6d0b\u524d\u6765\u8d4e\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_548455\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/640DK5DDZZ2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-548455\" class=\"wp-image-548455\" src=\"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/640DK5DDZZ2.jpg\" width=\"400\" height=\"592\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/640DK5DDZZ2.jpg 413w, https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/640DK5DDZZ2-203x300.jpg 203w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-548455\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5e08\u8fbe\u80fd<\/p><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/6405DPC6S5V.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-548456\" src=\"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/6405DPC6S5V.jpg\" width=\"550\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/6405DPC6S5V.jpg 600w, https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/6405DPC6S5V-300x242.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" 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id=\"attachment_548457\" style=\"width: 560px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/640HEXSTGPU.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-548457\" class=\"wp-image-548457\" src=\"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/640HEXSTGPU.jpg\" width=\"550\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/640HEXSTGPU.jpg 640w, https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/640HEXSTGPU-300x205.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-548457\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u5e78\u5b58\u7684\u5b64\u513f\u6d77\u4f26<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u6b21\u65e5\uff0c\u201c\u5148\u9063\u961f\u201d\u62bc\u89e3\u7740\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u53ca\u52ab\u63a0\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u7269\u8d44\u524d\u5f80\u5e99\u9996\u9547\uff0c\u5728\u5f97\u77e5\u5e08\u8fbe\u80fd\u592b\u5987\u65e0\u610f\u5411\u6559\u4f1a\u7533\u8bf7\u8d4e\u91d1\u540e\uff0c\u5e08\u957f\u5bfb\u6dee\u6d32\u607c\u7f9e\u6210\u6012\uff0c\u5728\u5e99\u9996\u9547\u4e3e\u884c\u7fa4\u4f17\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u6b32\u5c06\u5e08\u8fbe\u80fd\u592b\u5987\u65a9\u9996\u793a\u4f17\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u5c06\u884c\u5211\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f92\u5f20\u5e08\u5723\u7a81\u7136\u51b2\u5165\u5211\u573a\uff0c\u518d\u4e09\u6073\u6c42\u7ea2\u519b\u4e0d\u8981\u6740\u5bb3\u5e08\u8fbe\u80fd\u592b\u5987\u3002\u7ea2\u519b\u968f\u540e\u4ece\u5f20\u5e08\u5723\u7684\u5bb6\u4e2d\u641c\u51fa\u4e00\u672c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u548c\u4e00\u672c\u8d5e\u7f8e\u8bd7\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u5bfb\u6dee\u6d32\u4fbf\u4ee5\u201c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8d70\u72d7\u201d\u4e3a\u540d\uff0c\u5c06\u5f20\u5e08\u5723\u548c\u5e08\u8fbe\u80fd\u592b\u5987\u4e00\u8d77\u65a9\u9996\u3002 [4]\n<div id=\"attachment_548458\" style=\"width: 233px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/0.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-548458\" class=\"size-full wp-image-548458\" src=\"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/0.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/0.jpg 223w, https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/0-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/0-70x70.jpg 70w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 223px) 100vw, 223px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-548458\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u6d77\u4f26\u83b7\u6551\u540e\u548c\u5979\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u6bcd\u4eb2<\/p><\/div>\n<p>12\u6708\uff19\u65e5\u4e0b\u5348\uff0c\u8eb2\u85cf\u5728\u5c71\u4e0a\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u540d\u4e2d\u56fd\u7267\u5e08\u5362\u514b\u5468\u6f5c\u56de\u5e99\u9996\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u95f4\u5c4b\u5185\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5b64\u513f\u7231\u4f26\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u53c8\u5728\u5927\u8857\u5c3d\u5934\u7684\u5c71\u5761\u5bfb\u5f97\u5e08\u8fbe\u80fd\u592b\u5987\u7684\u5c38\u4f53\uff0c\u4e70\u4e86\u4e24\u526f\u68fa\u6728\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5b89\u846c\uff0c\u5362\u514b\u5468\u5e26\u7740\u7231\u4f26\u548c\u5e08\u8fbe\u80fd\u5728\u5e99\u9996\u5199\u7684\u9057\u4e66\uff0c\u6b65\u884c\u5317\u4e0a\uff0c\u6cbf\u9014\u5bfb\u627e\u4e73\u6bcd\u5582\u54fa\u827e\u4f26\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u7231\u4f26\u9001\u5230\u5c71\u4e1c\u6d4e\u5357\uff0c\u4ea4\u5176\u5916\u7956\u7236\u6bcd\u3002[5]\n<p>\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8c8c\u4f3c\u666e\u901a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7f8e\u4e0e\u4e11\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8303\u4f8b\uff0c\u6b8b\u5fcd\u4e0e\u4ec1\u7231\uff0c\u4f1f\u5927\u4e0e\u6e3a\u5c0f\uff0c\u5351\u5fae\u4e0e\u5d07\u9ad8\uff0c\u65e0\u4e00\u4e0d\u5728\u51cc\u5389\u7684\u5bf9\u5cd9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56db\u3001\u65b9\u5fd7\u654f\u4e4b\u6b7b<\/p>\n<p>\u5e08\u8fbe\u80fd\u592b\u5987\u9047\u5bb3\u4e00\u6848\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5c31\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u8f70\u52a8\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u7edd\u4e0d\u4e9a\u4e8e\u53f7\u79f0\u6c11\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u7ed1\u7968\u6848\u7684\u4e34\u57ce\u5927\u52ab\u6848\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u4e2d\u5916\u8206\u8bba\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6682\u7f13\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e2d\u592e\u7ea2\u519b\u7684\u56f4\u5835\uff0c\u62bd\u8c03\u5927\u6279\u519b\u529b\uff0c\u5168\u529b\u56f4\u527f\u65b9\u5fd7\u654f\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u76f4\u63a5\u8d23\u4efb\u4eba\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u7ea2\u5341\u4e5d\u5e08\u5e08\u957f\u5bfb\u6dee\u6d32\u65e0\u7591\u9996\u72af\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u65b9\u5fd7\u654f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u652f\u90e8\u961f\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u9886\u5bfc\u6050\u6015\u5c31\u66f4\u96be\u9003\u5e72\u7cfb\u3002\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u6388\u610f\u5f88\u96be\u4e0b\u5b9a\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u65b9\u5728\u88ab\u4fd8\u540e\u6240\u5199\u7684\u300a\u6211\u4ece\u4e8b\u9769\u547d\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u7565\u8ff0\u300b\u4e2d\u4e13\u95e8\u6709\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u8282\u3002\u4ed6\u5b66\u751f\u65f6\u4ee3\u88ab\u5357\u660c\u7532\u79cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u5b66\u6821\u5f00\u9664\u540e\uff0c\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6c5f\u897f\u4e5d\u6c5f\u5357\u4f1f\u70c8\u5b66\u6821\uff08\u6559\u4f1a\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u65b9\u5fd7\u654f\u66fe\u4e8e1921\u5e74\u6c42\u5b66\u4e00\u5e74\uff09\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u4ed6\uff0c\u5728\u65b9\u5fd7\u654f\u53c2\u52a0 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C. McFarlane\u5728\u5bc4\u7ed9\u4e0a\u6d77\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u63cf\u8ff0\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u5bf9\u5c60\u6740\u5e08\u8fbe\u80fd\u7267\u5e08\u592b\u5987\u4e8b\u4ef6\u987b\u8d1f\u5168\u8d23\u7684\u5171\u515a\u9886\u8896\u65b9\u5fd7\u654f\uff0c\u5df2\u906d\u653f\u5e9c\u902e\u6355\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u88ab\u6355\u7684\u6709\u4e24\u4f4d\u9996\u9886\uff0c\u4e00\u59d3\u738b\uff0c\u4e00\u59d3\u5218\uff0c\u4e09\u4eba\u5728\u4e0a\u9ad8\u8857\u5934\u6e38\u884c\u793a\u4f17\uff0c\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u5c45\u6c11\u56f4\u89c2\uff0c\u4f7f\u6574\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u5174\u594b\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u201d [6]\n<div id=\"attachment_548459\" style=\"width: 478px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/640SUGYMSMC.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-548459\" class=\"size-full wp-image-548459\" src=\"http:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/640SUGYMSMC.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"468\" height=\"351\" srcset=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/640SUGYMSMC.jpg 468w, https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/files\/2017\/01\/640SUGYMSMC-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 468px) 100vw, 468px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-548459\" 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\/>\n[2]\u9ec4\u9521\u57f9\uff0c\u300a\u820d\u547d\u7684\u7231\u300b<br \/>\n[3][5][6]Mary Geraldine Taylo,\u300a\u6177\u6168\u6210\u4ec1\uff1a\u6b89\u9053\u7684\u5e08\u8fbe\u80fd\u592b\u5987\u300b\uff0c1935\u5e74\u4e2d\u6587\u7248<br 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