{"id":619885,"date":"2019-10-10T19:33:41","date_gmt":"2019-10-11T02:33:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/?p=619885"},"modified":"2019-10-10T19:33:41","modified_gmt":"2019-10-11T02:33:41","slug":"%e9%bb%91%e5%8c%a3%e5%ad%90-%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e6%98%af%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9c%89%e8%ae%a1%e5%88%92%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%a7%e8%a7%84%e6%a8%a1%e5%88%b6%e9%80%a0%e4%ba%ba%e6%b8%a3%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/619885.html","title":{"rendered":"\u9ed1\u5323\u5b50 |\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5236\u9020\u4eba\u6e23\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u6cd5\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u4e8e\u4e3d\u57c3\u7279\uff08Juliette Sade\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5979\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u65b0\u4e66\u300a\u4eba\u6e23\u9769\u547d\u300b\uff08The Residue Revolution\uff09\u4e2d\u501f\u7528\u4e86\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b66\u5bb6\u62c9\u5eb7\u00b7\u96c5\u514b\uff08Jacques Lacan\uff09\u5173\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u4eba\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u4f53\uff0c\u5265\u79bb\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5916\u5728\u5c5e\u6027\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u6e23\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672c\u4f53\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6765\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u88ab\u7edf\u4e00\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u6240\u5974\u5f79\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u53cd\u6297\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u76d1\u7262\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9884\u8a00\u4e86\u8fd9\u5ea7\u76d1\u7262\u7684\u5d29\u584c\uff1a<\/p>\n

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Edgar Allan Poe\u300aThe Fall of the House of Usher\u300b1839<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u6050\u6016\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5927\u5e08\u7231\u4f26\u00b7\u5761\u7684\u300a\u5384\u820d\u5e9c\u7684\u5012\u584c\u300b\uff08The Fall of the House of Usher\uff09\u548c\u6d1b\u592b\u514b\u62c9\u592b\u7279\u7684\u300a\u70bc\u91d1\u672f\u58eb\u300b\uff08The Alchemist\uff09\u4e2d\u90fd\u63cf\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e5\u6709\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u57fa\u4e1a\u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\u6700\u540e\u6d88\u4ea1\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u7b97\u5821\u5792\u518d\u575a\u56fa\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u90fd\u62e5\u6709\u7740\u8bc5\u5492\u6216\u4e16\u4ee3\u9057\u4f20\u7684\u60b2\u5267\u8840\u8109\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u5012\u584c\u5728\u7816\u6b8b\u74e6\u788e\u7684\u672b\u65e5\u91cc\u3002\u800c\u5982\u4eca\u4e00\u5ea7\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u5c4b\u9876\u5230\u5899\u6839\uff0c\u770b\u4f3c\u575a\u56fa\u7684\u9ad8\u5899\uff0c\u5374\u5e03\u6ee1\u5f2f\u5f2f\u66f2\u66f2\u88c2\u7f1d\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5d29\u88c2\u4e3a\u788e\u7247\u7684\u5821\u5792\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u201d\uff0c\u53ea\u56e0\u5b83\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6570\u767e\u5c81\uff0c\u8bde\u751f\u4e8e\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u7684\u9ed1\u68ee\u6797\u3002\u4ece\u5b83\u964d\u751f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\u8d77\uff0c\u5b83\u4fbf\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u56fd\u5bb6\u6bcd\u4f53\u6240\u64cd\u63a7\u7684\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u3002\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u5148\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u6559\u5b66\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u65e9\u4e0a\u516b\u70b9\u8fdb\u5165\u8bfe\u5802\uff0c\u6bcf\u5802\u8bfe\u7edf\u4e00\u65f6\u957f\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u6821\u670d\uff0c\u4e0a\u8bfe\u624b\u80cc\u5728\u8eab\u540e\uff0c\u5750\u7aef\u6b63\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u95ee\u9898\u5148\u4e3e\u624b\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u5982\u957f\u5b98\uff0c\u6309\u94c3\u58f0\u7edf\u4e00\u6240\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u5b66\u9f84\u5236\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u60e9\u6212\u4e0e\u5956\u8d4f\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Education Victorian style- Class sizes might have been enormous and facilities were basic<\/p>\n

19 \u4e16\u7eaa\u6cd5\u56fd\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u76d1\u7ba1\u6240\u7684\u4f5c\u606f\u89c4\u7ae0\u5236\u5ea6\u6761\u6b3e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u7740\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u798f\u67ef\u7684\u300a\u89c4\u8bad\u4e0e\u60e9\u7f5a\uff1a\u76d1\u72f1\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u300b\uff08Discipline and Punish\uff1aThe Birth of the Prison\uff09\u4e2d\u5c31\u4e3e\u8fc7\u8fd9\u5ea7\u5df4\u9ece\u5c11\u7ba1\u6240\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u5272\u7531\u56fa\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u9f13\u58f0\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u89c4\u8bad\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u4eec\u7684\u6bcf\u65e5\u4f5c\u606f\uff0c\u7ec6\u81f4\u5230\u5403\u996d\u3001\u7761\u89c9\u3001\u8d77\u5e8a\u3001\u7a7f\u8863\u3001\u7977\u544a\u3001\u6d17\u624b\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u7b2c21\u6761\uff1a\u8fdb\u9910\u3002\u72af\u4eba\u572810\u70b9\u949f\u6682\u505c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5230\u98df\u5802\u5c31\u9910\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u5728\u5404\u81ea\u9662\u5b50\u91cc\u6d17\u624b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5206\u7ec4\u8fdb\u9910\u3002\u5348\u9910\u540e\u4f11\u606f\u523010\u70b940\u5206\u3002\u7b2c22\u6761\uff1a\u5b66\u4e60\u300210\u70b940\u5206\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u51fb\u9f13\u58f0\uff0c\u72af\u4eba\u5217\u961f\u5206\u7ec4\u5230\u6559\u5ba4\u3002\u4e0a\u8bfe\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a2\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u4ea4\u66ff\u5b66\u4e60\u8bfb\u5199\u3001\u7ed8\u753b\u548c\u7b97\u672f\u3002\u7b2c23\u6761\uff1a12\u70b940\u5206\uff0c\u72af\u4eba\u4ee5\u7ec4\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u79bb\u5f00\u6559\u5ba4\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5404\u81ea\u9662\u5185\u4f11\u606f\u300212\u70b955\u5206\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u51fb\u9f13\u58f0\uff0c\u72af\u4eba\u6309\u52b3\u52a8\u5c0f\u7ec4\u96c6\u5408 ……\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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Georg Emanuel Opiz\u300aThe proposal and commotion in the school room\u300b<\/p>\n

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\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6700\u521d\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e 16 \u4e16\u7eaa\u795e\u5723\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\uff08\u4eca\u5fb7\u56fd\uff09\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\uff08Martin Luther\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u6297\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u6240\u628a\u63a7\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5784\u65ad\u6743\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u63d0\u8bae\u540e\u6765\u53d7\u5230\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u5728 17 \u4e16\u7eaa\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u300a\u9b4f\u739b\u5b66\u6821\u7ae0\u7a0b\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5b66\u6821\u6307\u5357\u300b\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u5165\u5b66\u5e74\u9f84\u4e3a 5 \u5c81\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\uff1a\u201c\u6240\u6709\u513f\u7ae5\u76f4\u81f3\u5b66\u5b8c\u6240\u5e94\u5b66\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u7ecf\u5f53\u5c40\u5ba1\u67e5\u5408\u683c\uff0c\u65b9\u5f97\u79bb\u6821\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u6cd5\u89c4\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7f3a\u5e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u7f3a\u8bfe\u4e00\u8282\uff0c\u7f5a\u5bb6\u957f 1 \u4fbf\u58eb\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u9012\u589e\uff0c\u81f3\u6bcf\u8282\u8bfe\u7f5a\u91d1 6 \u4fbf\u58eb\u4e3a\u6700\u9ad8\u989d\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Martin Luther \u2013 Philipp Melanchthon. – Hermann Thiel\uff08Stecher\uff09- Kupferstich<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u9879\u7531\u53cd\u5784\u65ad\u521d\u8877\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5784\u65ad\u3002\u63a8\u884c\u519b\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u56fd\u738b\u8153\u7279\u70c8\u00b7\u5a01\u5ec9\u4e00\u4e16\uff08Friedrich Wilhelm I\uff09\u521b\u5efa 1800 \u6240\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u8bad\u7ec3\u5f97\u670d\u4ece\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u656c\u754f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u52e4\u594b\u548c\u8282\u4fed\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u201d\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u3002\u800c\u5230\u4e86 1794 \u5e74\uff0c\u8153\u7279\u70c8\u5927\u5e1d\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u5168\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u5883\u5185\u6240\u6709\u5b69\u7ae5\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u63a7\u5236\u6743\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u6c11\u6cd5\u5178\u300b\u4e2d\u5ba3\u5e03\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u51e1\u666e\u901a\u5b66\u6821\u4e0e\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u673a\u6784\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba4\u53ef\u548c\u6279\u51c6\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5f00\u529e\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u6240\u6709\u516c\u7acb\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u63a5\u53d7\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u76d1\u7ba1\uff0c\u968f\u65f6\u63a5\u53d7\u5176\u8003\u6838\u548c\u68c0\u67e5\u201d\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

“The Black Stain”- In France, children were taught in school to not forget the lost provinces, which were coloured in black on maps.<\/p>\n

\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u548c\u6218\u4e89\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u6b27\u6d32\u5e26\u6765\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u9707\u60ca\u548c\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u5404\u56fd\u5f00\u59cb\u7eb7\u7eb7\u6548\u4eff\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6cd5\u56fd\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u91cc\u6559\u5bfc\u5b69\u5b50\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u5730\u56fe\u4e0a\u7528\u9ed1\u8272\u6807\u793a\u7684\u8ff7\u5931\u7684\u7701\u4efd\u201c\u9ed1\u8272\u6c61\u70b9\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u6b64\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u96c6\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u5f00\u59cb\u5168\u9762\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\u5168\u9762\u5f00\u82b1\uff0c\u4e3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u57cb\u4e0b\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u4f0f\u7b14\u3002\u8be5\u89c2\u70b9\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u662f\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u4e14\u53ef\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u201c\u826f\u6027\u201d\u7684\u9876\u5c42\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u8d44\u6e90\u5c06\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u6709\u5229\u7684\u8c03\u914d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u5b8f\u5927\u68a6\u60f3\u548c\u5343\u5e74\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4eca\u65e5\u67d0\u56fd\u6311\u6218\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u6240\u5ba3\u79f0\u7684\u201c\u5236\u5ea6\u81ea\u4fe1\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u9a71\u4f7f\u4e0b\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u6b65\u4f10\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7edf\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7edf\u4e00\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u82b1\u4fbf\u4f1a\u88ab\u627c\u6740\u3002\u5728\u6700\u4e25\u683c\u8d2f\u5f7b\u8fd9\u4e00\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\uff0c\u4fbf\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u3002\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u57c3\u7c73\u5c14\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\u7ef4\u5e0c\uff08Emil Ludwig\uff09\u6240\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u5256\u6790\u5fb7\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\u6027\u683c\u7684\u4e00\u4e66\u300a\u94c1\u8840\u4e0e\u97f3\u7b26\u300b\uff08How to Treat the Germans\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u5176\u4e13\u5236\u6559\u80b2\u5bf9\u56fd\u6c11\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6467\u6b8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

A young boy wearing an SA uniform – Berlin c.1934<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u66fe\u7ecf\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e4b\u667a\u8005\u4eec\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u5730\u533a\u3002\u65bd\u74e6\u672c\u7684\u5f00\u666e\u52d2\u3001\u5df4\u4f10\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u4e22\u52d2\u3001\u8377\u5c14\u62dc\u56e0\u3001\u6b4c\u5fb7\u3001\u5e2d\u52d2\u3001\u5df4\u8d6b\u3001\u6d77\u987f\u3001\u83ab\u624e\u7279\u3001\u8212\u4f2f\u7279\u3001\u8212\u66fc\u3001\u74e6\u683c\u7eb3\u3001\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u65af\u7279\u52b3\u65af\u3001\u5e03\u83b1\u5c3c\u8328\u3001\u53d4\u672c\u534e\u3001\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u3001\u683c\u6797\u5144\u5f1f\u3001\u5c3c\u91c7\uff0c\u5168\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u8428\u514b\u68ee\u6216\u5965\u5730\u5229\u7684\u5357\u5fb7\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8d1d\u591a\u82ac\u548c\u5eb7\u5fb7\u662f\u6df7\u8840\uff0c\u95e8\u5fb7\u5c14\u677e\u3001\u6d77\u6d85\u3001\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5219\u662f\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u5219\u76db\u4ea7\u519b\u4e8b\u5f3a\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u8153\u7279\u70c8\u5927\u5e1d\u548c\u94c1\u8840\u5bb0\u76f8\u4ffe\u65af\u9ea6\u3002\u57c3\u7c73\u5c14\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\u7ef4\u5e0c\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\uff1a\u5730\u533a\u95f4\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4e1c\u5fb7\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u5730\u62e5\u62b1\u4e86\u5e26\u6709\u8d85\u5f3a\u7eaa\u5f8b\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u653f\u6743\u3002\u5728\u57c3\u7c73\u5c14\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\u7ef4\u5e0c\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u9677\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u7eb3\u7cb9\u98ce\u66b4\u7684\u6f29\u6da1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u8f66\u8f6e\u7684\u60b2\u5267\u3002\u8bd7\u4eba\u8377\u5c14\u5fb7\u6797\uff08Johann Christian Friedrich H\u00f6lderlin\uff09\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u5fb7\u56fd\u6709\u5de5\u5320\u3001\u6709\u795e\u752b\u3001\u6709\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u6709\u4e3b\u4eba\u548c\u4ec6\u4eba\uff0c\u6709\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u548c\u8001\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche<\/p>\n

\u5fb7\u56fd\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u75db\u6068\u672c\u571f\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u5236\u4e0b\u7684\u96c6\u6743\u793e\u4f1a\u56fd\u6c11\u7684\u5974\u6027\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u671f\u671b\u4e8e\u5883\u5916\u52bf\u529b<\/a>\u5bf9\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u89e3\u653e\uff0c\u8d1d\u591a\u82ac\u4e3a\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1\u5199\u6b4c\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u88ab\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1\u5f81\u670d\u4e5f\u6bd4\u672c\u56fd\u6697\u65e0\u5929\u65e5\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u4e16\u754c\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u5c3c\u91c7\uff08Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche\uff09\u66f4\u662f\u5ba3\u79f0\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u4eba\u7b80\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7fa4\u6389\u4e86\u961f\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6253\u4e71\u4e86\u6b27\u6d32\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1\u4f01\u56fe\u89e3\u653e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u7adf\u7136\u8fd8\u4f5c\u51fa\u62b5\u6297\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u5728\u88ab\u6218\u4e89\u6240\u5e2d\u5377\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\uff0c\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u6559\u80b2\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f3a\u56fd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u897f\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u501f\u9274\uff0c\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u5728\u6218\u4e89\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5316\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6bd4\u6563\u6f2b\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ffd\u6c42\u5e76\u7eaf\u5316\u8fd9\u79cd\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6f14\u53d8\u51fa\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u5f0f\u7684\u53cd\u4eba\u7c7b\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4e00\u79cd\u75c5\u6bd2\uff0c\u4ece\u6b27\u6d32\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u7f8e\u6d32\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u4e9a\u6d32\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5404\u56fd\u5bf9\u672c\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u62c9\u901a\u4e86\u4ece\u5c0f\u5b66\u3001\u4e2d\u5b66\u5230\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf\u6559\u80b2\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3b\u5bb0\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u5b69\u7ae5\u5230\u6210\u5e74\u8fd1 20 \u5e74\u7684\u6f2b\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u4fbf\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u5730\u7403\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5982\u4eca\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Lecture on the evils of alcoholism in the auditorium of Fresnes prison.<\/p>\n

\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f\u6218\u4e89\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u6765\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u89c4\u8bad\u548c\u6559\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u6495\u88c2\u7684\u88c2\u53e3\u5df2\u6108\u53d1\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u6559\u6761\u7684\u56fa\u5316\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u751f\u4ea7\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4fbf\u5229\u4e86\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u6d41\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6d17\u8111\uff0c\u5bf9\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u5f3a\u5236\u800c\u6f5c\u79fb\u9ed8\u5316\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u9648\u65e7\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5272\u88c2\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\u66fe\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u5efa\u7acb\u771f\u76f8\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u88ab\u690d\u5165\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u6559\u6750\u7684\u82af\u7247\u3002\u6cd5\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u4e8e\u4e3d\u57c3\u7279\u5728\u5979\u7684\u300a\u4eba\u6e23\u9769\u547d\u300b\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\u4eba\u6e23\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5de5\u5382\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u5f7b\u5e95\u626b\u9664\u5230\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5c18\u57c3\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

2015 \u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u4e2d\u6751\u4fee\u4e8c\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u65e5\u672c\u4e43\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u4e1c\u4e9a\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u6bd2\u5bb3\u7740\u6240\u6709\u4e9a\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5e94\u8bd5\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u5b66\u5386\u4e3b\u4e49\u53ca\u4f4e\u6548\u7528\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u5bf9\u6b8b\u5bb3\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u6210\u957f\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u78e8\u706d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e2d\u6751\u4fee\u4e8c\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u8fd8\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u601d\u60f3\u63a7\u5236<\/a>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fbf\u5229\u8fd9\u4e00\u5904\u5371\u5bb3\uff0c\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u6559\u80b2\u4e0b\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u4e3a\u5272\u88c2\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u60f3\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u5229\u5203\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8868\u7684\u7981\u9522\u4e0b\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u6d69\u701a\u800c\u7f8e\u4e0d\u80dc\u6536\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u60f3\u9886\u57df\u88ab\u4eba\u4e3a\u5730\u5207\u5272\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u5757\u5757\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u2018\u5b66\u79d1\u2019\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u884c\u4e91\u6d41\u6c34\u3001\u878d\u4f1a\u8d2f\u901a\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u88ab\u5206\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u2018\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5355\u5143\u2019\u3002\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The school on old canvases<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5982\u201c\u53ef\u6c57\u5b66\u9662\u201d\uff08Khan Academy\uff09\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u8428\u5c14\u66fc\u00b7\u53ef\u6c57\uff08Salman Khan\uff09\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u5e94\u8bd5\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7edf\u4e00\u5e94\u8bd5\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u627c\u6740\u4e86\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4f4e\u7aef\u5730\u5f02\u5316\u4e3a\u201c\u5e94\u8bd5\u6280\u672f\u201d\uff0c\u8428\u5c14\u66fc\u00b7\u53ef\u6c57\u4e3e\u4e86\u4ee3\u6570\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u4ee3\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u591a\u534a\u53ea\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5728\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u5206\uff0c\u8003\u8bd5\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5404\u5355\u5143\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8003\u751f\u4eec\u53ea\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u5806 X \u548c Y\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5c06 X \u548c Y \u4ee3\u5165\u6b7b\u8bb0\u786c\u80cc\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u503c\u3002\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\u7684 X \u548c Y \u4f53\u73b0\u4e0d\u51fa\u4ee3\u6570\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u53ca\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u4ee3\u6570\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u53ca\u9b45\u529b\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b X \u548c Y \u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u65e0\u7a77\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u548c\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u5f53\u4eca\u5b66\u751f\u538c\u6076\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7480\u74a8\u601d\u60f3\u5931\u4e4b\u4ea4\u81c2\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e94\u8bd5\u6027\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5355\u5143\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4e8e\u4e3d\u57c3\u7279\u6240\u8868\u660e\u7684\u201c\u4eba\u6e23\u539f\u5b50\u5316\u201d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u539f\u7f6a\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u77e5\u8bc6\u88ab\u5207\u5272\u6210\u4e86\u788e\u7247\uff0c\u800c\u7531\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ffd\u6c42\u5355\u4e00\u5316\u6548\u7387\u7684\u788e\u7247\u6240\u62fc\u51d1\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ea7\u54c1\uff08\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\uff09\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u662f\u6b8b\u8106\u7684\u53ca\u4eba\u6e23\u5316\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u2018\u4eba\u2019\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u6b8b\u6b21\u54c1\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b8b\u7f3a\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u77ed\u89c6\uff0c\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u62d6\u5165\u9ed1\u6697\u7684\u6df1\u6e0a\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e13\u5236\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u7518\u613f\u4e3a\u60f3\u505a\u5974\u96b6\u4e3b\u800c\u4e0d\u6210\u7684\u5974\u96b6\u3002\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c40\u9762\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u6240\u9020\u6210\uff1a\u2018\u4eba\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u88ab\u5e94\u8bd5\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4ea7\u54c1\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u5e94\u8bd5\u2019\u3002\u5f53\u4eca\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u6e90\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

College entrance examination<\/p>\n

\u4e8e\u4e3d\u57c3\u7279\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u5e9e\u5927\u800c\u81c3\u80bf\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u6743\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u5784\u65ad\u201d\u3002\u5e94\u8bd5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0a\u5347\u901a\u9053\u7684\u781d\u7801\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee5\u77e5\u8bc6\u58c1\u5792\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6f14\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u6280\u672f\u9501\u201d\uff0c\u6b7b\u6b7b\u5730\u9501\u4f4f\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u672a\u6765\u7684\u547d\u95e8\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u88ab\u538b\u7f29\u6210\u4e00\u9897\u9897\u87ba\u4e1d\u9489\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d88\u706d\u5e94\u8bd5\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff1f\u5728\u300a\u4eba\u6e23\u9769\u547d\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u5e94\u8bd5\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u72ec\u6709\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u5728\u4e13\u5236\u56fd\u5bb6\u5185\u5b9e\u884c\u3002\u5b83\u80cc\u540e\u6240\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\uff1a\u5e94\u8bd5\u662f\u5426\u662f\u5784\u65ad\u7684\uff1f\u6b63\u5982\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u662f\u5784\u65ad\u7684\u4e00\u6837\uff1a\u201c\u5e94\u8bd5\u4e0d\u662f\u5e94\u5f53\u88ab\u6d88\u706d\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u770b\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u662f\u88ab\u5784\u65ad\u7684\u3002\u201d\u4eba\u4eec\u66fe\u7ecf\u8b66\u60d5\u8fc7\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5784\u65ad\uff0c\u8b66\u60d5\u8fc7\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5784\u65ad\uff0c\u8b66\u60d5\u8fc7\u65b0\u95fb\u8206\u8bba\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u6743\u5784\u65ad\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8fd8\u672a\u771f\u6b63\u6b63\u89c6\u8fc7\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5784\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

College entrance examination<\/p>\n

\u4e8e\u4e3d\u57c3\u7279\u5728\u5979\u7684\u65b0\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u9884\u8a00\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u5fc5\u5c06\u6700\u7ec8\u74e6\u89e3\uff1a\u201c\u9769\u547d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u201d\u3002\u65e9\u5728 1977 \u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u535a\u4f0a\u65af\uff08Joseph Beuys\uff09\u5c31\u63d0\u51fa\u5e76\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u5f97\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u827a\u672f\u80fd\u591f\u4e0d\u4f9d\u9644\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u529b\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\u6027\uff0c\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u56fd\u9645\u5927\u5b66\u201d\uff08FIU\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u5f20\u76f4\u63a5\u9488\u5bf9\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u5916\u53e6\u521b\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u6559\u80b2\u751f\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6cd5\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u96c5\u514b\u00b7\u5fb7\u91cc\u8fbe\uff08Jacques Derrida\uff09\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u5927\u5b66\u300b\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u201c\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1f\u201d\u4e0d\u5149\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e02\u573a\u3001\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\u6216\u56fd\u9645\u7684\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u5728\u5fb7\u91cc\u8fbe\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u63a8\u6f14\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u53e3\u4e2d\u6240\u79f0\u7684\u201c\u5927\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u800c\u53ef\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7269\u7406\u610f\u4e49\u6d88\u9664\u7684\uff0c\u88ab\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7834\u9664\u6559\u80b2\u5784\u65ad\u6743\uff0c\u53ef\u6c57\u5b66\u9662\u5728 Youtube \u4e0a\u516c\u5f00\u5176\u6559\u5b66\u89c6\u9891\uff0c\u5411\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5b8c\u5168\u514d\u8d39\u4e14\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5305\u6db5\u4e86\u51e0\u5343\u6bb5\u6db5\u76d6\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u3001\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7269\u3001\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u7b49\uff0c\u4ece\u5c0f\u5b66\u3001\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e43\u81f3\u90e8\u5206\u5927\u5b66\u79d1\u76ee\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5176\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4f7f\u5f97\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2d\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u64ad\u653e\u5f71\u7247\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b83\u51b2\u7834\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u74e6\u89e3\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u6d88\u706d\u4e86\u6559\u5ba4\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u800c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u662f\u4ee5\u5784\u65ad\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5784\u65ad\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c40\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u6765\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u535a\u4f0a\u65af\u6240\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5728\u54ea\uff0c\u5b66\u9662\u5c31\u5728\u54ea\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Joseph Beuys lecture event. \u201cAlternative Policies and the Work of the Free International University event at RDG, Edinburgh\u201d\uff081980\uff09<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u4eca\u793e\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5177\u6709\u521b\u9020\u529b\u3001\u5145\u6ee1\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u5e76\u80fd\u81ea\u6211\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u7ec8\u8eab\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u6bd4\u88ab\u52a8\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u5c06\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u672a\u6765\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u5728\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u3001\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u5c06\u5b8c\u5168\u53d6\u4ee3\u7edf\u4e00\u5316\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff08\u9ad8\u8003\u5236\u5ea6\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u74e6\u89e3\u6389\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u5404\u81ea\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6559\u80b2\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0e\u6c11\u4f17\u5f62\u6210\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u4f1a\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u5316\u6559\u6750\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u7edf\u4e00\u5316\u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u201c\u5b66\u6821\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u5730\u57df\u548c\u56fd\u7c4d\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u8428\u5c14\u66fc\u00b7\u53ef\u6c57\u5bf9\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u6240\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff1a\u201c\u8ba9\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u968f\u65f6\u968f\u5730\u4eab\u53d7\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u514d\u8d39\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5230\u5904\u662f\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u900d\u9065\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u5415\u514b\u6602\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u8ffd\u9010\u771f\u7406\u4e0e\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5361\u9c81\u56e0\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u8fdc\u79bb\u5c18\u56a3\u7684\u6df1\u6cc9\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u514d\u8d39\u516c\u5f00\u5316\u7684\u53ef\u6c57\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u535a\u4f0a\u65af\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u56fd\u9645\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u8521\u5143\u57f9\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u5f00\u653e\u5b58\u53d6\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8d44\u6e90\u5e93\uff08Open Access\uff09\u3001\u65e0\u6570\u79c1\u7acb\u79c1\u4eba\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u4e13\u4e1a\u6280\u80fd\u57f9\u8bad\u673a\u6784\u3001\u5f00\u653e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u57fa\u7840\u901a\u8bc6\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u7b49\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u9762\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7f8e\u597d\u56fe\u666f\uff0c\u73b0\u5b9e\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u963b\u529b\u5374\u4f9d\u7136\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4e8e\u4e3d\u57c3\u7279\u6307\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u74e6\u89e3\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u74e6\u89e3\u6559\u80b2\u5784\u65ad\u6743\u3002\u8fd9\u573a\u53d8\u9769\u96be\u4ee5\u662f\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u9769\u547d\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\u8005\uff0c\u8ddf\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5784\u65ad\u8005\u62e5\u6709\u540c\u6837\u7684\u7ef4\u7a33\u5fc3\u6001\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u52a8\u7528\u4e00\u5207\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u963b\u6270\u8fd9\u573a\u53d8\u9769\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u624b\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u653f\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Plato Academy<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e8e\u4e3d\u57c3\u7279\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u652f\u6491\u8fd9\u5ea7\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u5821\u5792\u7684\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u65e9\u5df2\u5f00\u59cb\u52a8\u6447\uff0c\u800c\u652f\u6491\u5b83\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u627f\u91cd\u67f1\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u4e86\u884c\u653f\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\uff1a\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u5b66\u4f4d\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u4e00\u7eb8\u8bc1\u4e66\u65e0\u6cd5\u5224\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u7528\u4eba\u5355\u4f4d\u770b\u91cd\u7684\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u5b9e\u9645\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d44\u5386\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u800c\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u672c\u8eab\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u53cd\u8003\u8bd5\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u5b83\u5c55\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e37\u5e44\u80fd\u529b\u201d\u3002\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u4ea4\u950b\u548c\u8bba\u8bc1\u7b54\u8fa9\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u7edf\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u300a\u4eba\u6e23\u9769\u547d\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e8e\u4e3d\u57c3\u7279\u5c06\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\u8a89\u4e3a\uff0c\u7528\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u6380\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u573a\u9488\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u5784\u65ad\u6743\u7684\u9769\u547d\u3002\u800c\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u7528\u81ea\u7531\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6380\u8d77\u9488\u5bf9\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u573a\u6559\u80b2\u5784\u65ad\u6743\u9769\u547d\u3002\u5728\u7ed3\u5c3e\u5904\uff0c\u4e8e\u4e3d\u57c3\u7279\u628a\u8fd9\u573a\u9769\u547d\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u573a\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u4e3a\u4e00\u573a\u673a\u9047\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u201c\u5386\u53f2\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u542f\u793a\u5f55\uff0c\u7387\u5148\u4f5c\u51fa\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4f1a\u50cf\u5f53\u521d\u7b2c\u4e00\u573a\u6559\u80b2\u9769\u547d\u7684\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4e00\u8dc3\u6210\u4e3a\u6b27\u6d32\u5f3a\u56fd\u3002\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u7518\u613f\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u5d2d\u65b0\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u8fdc\u8fdc\u5730\u629b\u5728\u540e\u5934\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u5df2\u6df1\u6df1\u5730\u6bd2\u5bb3\u7740\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u62d6\u5165\u6df1\u6e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u6323\u8131\u8fd9\u675f\u7f1a\uff0c\u4ece\u4eba\u6e23\u53d8\u56de\u4eba\u3002\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\uff08End\uff09<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5173\u6ce8\u5e76\u5206\u4eab\u3010\u9ed1\u5323\u5b50\u3011<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4f60\u80fd\u9047\u89c1\u7684\u6700\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u53f7<\/p>\n

\u5f80\u671f\u4e13\u9898\u56de\u987e\uff1a\u7cbe\u795e\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b66\u4e09\u90e8\u66f2<\/p>\n

\u300a\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u60ca\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u7ec6\u83cc\u5b66\u7684\u4f20\u67d3\u5b9e\u9a8c\u300b<\/p>\n

\u300a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u89c2\u5bdf\u4eba\u7c7b\u7cbe\u6db2\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u5f00\u59cb\u300b<\/p>\n

\u300a\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u6b27\u6d32\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u300b<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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