{"id":677811,"date":"2022-03-05T02:26:09","date_gmt":"2022-03-05T10:26:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/?p=677811"},"modified":"2022-03-05T11:45:34","modified_gmt":"2022-03-05T19:45:34","slug":"%e5%8c%97%e5%a4%a7%e9%a3%9e%ef%bd%9c%e5%8c%97%e7%ba%a6%e6%9b%be%e7%bb%8f%e5%90%91%e4%bf%84%e5%9b%bd%e6%89%bf%e8%af%ba%e8%bf%87%e4%b8%8d%e4%b8%9c%e6%89%a9%e5%90%97%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/677811.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5317\u5927\u98de\uff5c\u5317\u7ea6\u66fe\u7ecf\u5411\u4fc4\u56fd\u627f\u8bfa\u8fc7\u4e0d\u4e1c\u6269\u5417\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<a href=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/tag\/%e4%bf%84%e7%bd%97%e6%96%af%e5%85%a5%e4%be%b5%e4%b9%8c%e5%85%8b%e5%85%b0\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-default huizong\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#195077;border-color:#144060;border-radius:8px\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span 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u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u80fd\u52a0\u5165\u5317\u7ea6\uff0c\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u8d1d\u514b\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u201c\u5317\u7ea6\u4e0d\u5411\u4e1c\u90e8\u6269\u5c55\u4e00\u82f1\u5bf8\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7684\u786e\u6709\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u65f6\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u4f1a\u8c08\u7eaa\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u7684\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u4e1c\u90e8\u201d\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e1c\u5fb7\u5730\u533a\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u53c2\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8c08\u7684\u5404\u65b9\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u90fd\u6beb\u65e0\u8bef\u89e3\u3002\u53ea\u662f\u8fc7\u540e\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u4eba\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u8131\u79bb\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5355\u72ec\u62ff\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u628a\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u4e1c\u90e8\u201d\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4e1c\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u5b9e\u60c5\u5b8c\u5168\u8fdd\u80cc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2009\u5e74\u65f6\u5b66\u8005Mark Kramer\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5404\u65b9\u6863\u6848\u3001\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u7b49\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u7814\u7a76\u6bd4\u5bf9\uff0c\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u5145\u5206\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u8bba\u636e\uff0c\u5747\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5176\u957f\u6587\u201cThe Myth of a No-NATO-Enlargement Pledge to Russia\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u5317\u7ea6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5411\u4e1c\u90e8\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u5176\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u90fd\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u8bf4\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e1c\u90e8\u6307\u4e1c\u5fb7\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u5404\u65b9\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\uff0c\u897f\u5fb7\u662f\u5317\u7ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e1c\u5fb7\u662f\u534e\u7ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u5fb7\u4ee5\u897f\u5fb7\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7edf\u4e00\u4e86\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e1c\u5fb7\u5c31\u8ddf\u7740\u8fdb\u4e86\u5317\u7ea6\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u8d1d\u514b\u8bd5\u56fe\u5229\u7528\u82cf\u8054\u65b9\u9762\u5bf9\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u62c5\u5fc3\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u8bba\u8ff0\u8ba9\u5fb7\u56fd\u7559\u5728\u5317\u7ea6\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u8bf4\uff1a\u6211\u60f3\u95ee\u60a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u60a8\u4e0d\u5fc5\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u4e24\u5fb7\u4f1a\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u60a8\u662f\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5317\u7ea6\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u56fd\u5883\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u519b\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u613f\u610f\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u5317\u7ea6\u7ef4\u6301\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u5317\u7ea6\u7684\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u8fd8\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u51fa\u73b0\u6709\u8fb9\u754c\u5411\u4e1c\u90e8\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u5fb7\u56fd\uff1f<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\n<p>\u800c\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u7f8e\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u5c31\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8d1d\u514b\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u5317\u7ea6\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\uff08\u5fb7\u56fd\uff09\u4e1c\u90e8\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5e76\u65e0\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u78cb\u5546\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u91cd\u65b0\u8c08\u5224\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u4e5f\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4ece\u5317\u7ea6\u4e0d\u8fdb\u5165\u4e1c\u5fb7\u6539\u6210\u4e86\u82cf\u519b\u64a4\u9000\u5b8c\u6bd5\u524d\u4e0d\u8fdb\u5165\u548c\u4e4b\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u4f46\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u672c\u56fd\u90e8\u961f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u8fd9\u4e09\u70b9\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u4e5f\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u4e0a\u7b7e\u4e86\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u6709\u8fc7\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u6697\u793a\u6027\u7684\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5317\u7ea6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5411\u4e1c\u6b27\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u6269\u5145\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u82cf\u8054\u65b9\u9762\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6709\u8fd9\u7c7b\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8be5\u5728\u4f1a\u8c08\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u4ece\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0a\u6839\u672c\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u8ba8\u8bba\u6d89\u53ca\u4e86\u4e1c\u6b27\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u66f4\u5173\u952e\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u6599\u5230\u534e\u6c99\u6761\u7ea6\u548c\u82cf\u8054\u672c\u8eab\u4f1a\u5f88\u5feb\u89e3\u4f53\u3002\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u672c\u4eba\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u524d\u666f\u6301\u4e50\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u534e\u6c99\u6761\u7ea6\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u4f1a\u9000\u51fa\u534e\u7ea6\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u63d0\u5c06\u6765\u8fd8\u80fd\u52a0\u5165\u5317\u7ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u505a\u68a6\u90fd\u4e0d\u6562\u60f3\u7684\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u548c\u5317\u7ea6\u201c\u52a0\u5f3a\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u5308\u7259\u5229\u5916\u957f\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u5728\u8d1d\u514b\u548c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u4f1a\u8c08\u540e\u4e24\u5468\u3002\u800c\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u601d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u9000\u51fa\u534e\u7ea6\u518d\u52a0\u5165\u5317\u7ea6\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u7559\u5728\u534e\u7ea6\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u548c\u5317\u7ea6\u52a0\u5f3a\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u6700\u540e\u6216\u8bb8\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6cdb\u6b27\u5b89\u5168\u4f53\u7cfb\u201d\u3002\u800c\u4ed6\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u60ca\u4e16\u9a87\u4fd7\uff0c\u5e72\u8106\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8ba4\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\u535a\u773c\u7403\u7f62\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8981\u8bf4\u7f8e\u56fd\u5229\u7528\u5317\u7ea6\u4e0d\u5411\u524d\u534e\u7ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u6269\u5145\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u6765\u5411\u82cf\u8054\u4ea4\u6362\u5fb7\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u4e5f\u5f97\u82cf\u8054\u5728\u90a3\u65f6\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u5c45\u7136\u8fd8\u80fd\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff01\u4f46\u90a3\u65f6\u752d\u8bf4\u82cf\u8054\uff0c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u8c01\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bba\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u95ee\u9898\u8bf4\u7684\u5f88\u660e\u767d\u4e86\u3002\u7136\u540e\u65f6\u95f4\u8f6c\u52302014\u5e74\uff0c\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u672c\u4eba\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u91c7\u8bbf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eb2\u81ea\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u548c\u201cRussia Beyond\u201d\u8bb0\u8005\u5bf9\u8c08\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6bb5\u843d\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rbth.com\/international\/2014\/10\/16\/mikhail\\_gorbachev\\_i\\_am\\_against\\_all\\_walls\\_40673.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.rbth.com\/international\/2014\/10\/16\/mikhail\\_gorbachev\\_i\\_am\\_against\\_all\\_walls\\_40673.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>RBTH: One of the key issues that has arisen in connection with the events in Ukraine is NATO expansion into the East. Do you get the feeling that your Western partners lied to you when they were developing their future plans in Eastern Europe? Why didn\u2019t you insist that the promises made to you \u2013 particularly U.S. Secretary of State James Baker\u2019s promise that NATO would not expand into the East \u2013 be legally encoded? I will quote Baker: \u201cNATO will not move one inch further east.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u8bb0\u8005\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u6709\u5173\u7684\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5317\u7ea6\u4e1c\u6269\u3002\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u611f\u89c9\uff1a\u897f\u65b9\u5728\u5f62\u6210\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u4e1c\u6b27\u7684\u6253\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4f60\u6492\u4e86\u8c0e\uff1f\u4f60\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u575a\u6301\u8981\u6c42\u5151\u73b0\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u575a\u6301\u7f8e\u56fd\u524d\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u8d1d\u514b\u5c06\u6709\u5173\u4e0d\u5411\u4e1c\u65b9\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u5f62\u6210\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6548\u529b\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff1f\u6211\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b\u8d1d\u514b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u5317\u7ea6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5411\u4e1c\u65b9\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u82f1\u5bf8\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>M.G.: The topic of \u201cNATO expansion\u201d was not discussed at all, and it wasn\u2019t brought up in those years. I say this with full responsibility. Not a singe Eastern European country raised the issue, not even after the Warsaw Pact ceased to exist in 1991. Western leaders didn\u2019t bring it up, either. Another issue we brought up was discussed: making sure that NATO\u2019s military structures would not advance and that additional armed forces from the alliance would not be deployed on the territory of the then-GDR after German reunification. Baker\u2019s statement, mentioned in your question, was made in that context. Kohl and [German Vice Chancellor Hans-Dietrich] Genscher talked about it.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\uff1a\u5f53\u5e74\u201c\u5317\u7ea6\u6269\u5f20\u201d\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u4ece\u672a\u88ab\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fc7\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u4eba\u63d0\u8d77\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002\u6211\u5bf9\u6211\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\u8d1f\u5b8c\u5168\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u6b27\u56fd\u5bb6\u63d0\u8d77\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e8b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u534e\u6c99\u6761\u7ea6\u4e8e1991\u5e74\u89e3\u6563\u540e\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u8fc7\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u7684\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u7edf\u4e00\u540e\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5317\u7ea6\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u8bbe\u65bd\u548c\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u4e0d\u5411\u524d\u4e1c\u5fb7\u5730\u533a\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u4f60\u521a\u624d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u8d1d\u514b\u7684\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u79d1\u5c14\uff08\u524d\u5fb7\u56fd\u603b\u7406\uff09\u548c\u7518\u820d\u5c14\uff08\u526f\u603b\u7406\uff09\u4e5f\u8c08\u8fc7\u6b64\u4e8b\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Everything that could have been and needed to be done to solidify that political obligation was done. And fulfilled. The agreement on a final settlement with Germany said that no new military structures would be created in the eastern part of the country; no additional troops would be deployed; no weapons of mass destruction would be placed there. It has been observed all these years. So don\u2019t portray Gorbachev and the then-Soviet authorities as na\u00efve people who were wrapped around the West\u2019s finger. If there was na\u00efvet\u00e9, it was later, when the issue arose. Russia at first did not object.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8be5\u9879\u653f\u6cbb\u4e49\u52a1\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9700\u8981\u505a\u548c\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u505a\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u4e49\u52a1\u4e5f\u88ab\u9075\u5b88\u4e86\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u534f\u8bae\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u8bbe\u65bd\u3001\u65b0\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5927\u6740\u4f24\u6027\u6b66\u5668\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u4e1c\u5fb7\u5730\u533a\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e74\u8be5\u534f\u8bae\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u9075\u5b88\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u522b\u628a\u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u548c\u5f53\u5e74\u5176\u4ed6\u82cf\u8054\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5f53\u4f5c\u88ab\u897f\u65b9\u73a9\u5f04\u5728\u80a1\u638c\u95f4\u7684\u5e7c\u7a1a\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5e7c\u7a1a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u540e\u6765\uff08\u5317\u7ea6\u4e1c\u6269\uff09\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u65f6\u3002\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u5bf9\u6b64\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>The decision for the U.S. and its allies to expand NATO into the east was decisively made in 1993. I called this a big mistake from the very beginning. It was definitely a violation of the spirit of the statements and assurances made to us in 1990. With regards to Germany, they were legally enshrined and are being 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