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“Mountain stronghold”的版本间的差异

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山寨 (shān zhài): mountain stronghold
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<h3>''shānzhài'' 山寨 </h3> [[File:Shanzhai-iphones-550x366.jpg‎|250px|thumb|right|''Shanzhai iPhones. (Source: [http://tech.caijing.com.cn/2013-08-19/113189608.html caijing.com.cn])'']]
  
The term "shanzhai" originally refers to a mountain stronghold, especially one which housed bandits evading authority.
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A reference to the imitation goods, especially counterfeit electronics, which China has become notorious for producing. The term literally means "mountain stronghold," and was historically used to describe the remote stockades which housed bandits and warlords who were evading authorities.
  
Contemporary colloquial use of the term refers to cheaply produced and sometimes poor-quality imitation products. Resignification of the term traces to Cantonese slang, which applied "shanzhai" to shanzhai "factories" in Hong Kong that were small, low-end, non-brand name producers of goods. By assuming brand names, and imitating the appearance and capabilities of products, "shanzhai" goods were able to escape official authorities' detection and evade tax payments.
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Contemporary colloquial use of the term refers to [http://chinadigitaltimes.net/china/fake-goods/ cheaply produced and often poor-quality imitation products]. This use of the term originated with Cantonese slang, which applied ''shanzhai'' to small, low-end factories in Hong Kong and Shenzhen that produced non-brand name goods. By assuming brand names, and imitating the appearance and capabilities of well-known branded products, ''shanzhai'' goods were able to escape official detection and evade tax payments.
  
The term has expanded to describe any knock-off or imitation. An average singer with a striking resemblance to Taiwanese pop star Jay Chou, for example, may be called a "shanzhai Jay Chou."
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The term has expanded to describe any knock-off or imitation. An average singer with a striking resemblance to Taiwanese pop star Jay Chou, for example, may be called a "''shanzhai'' Jay Chou."
  
For more information on this term, see here ([http://chinadigitaltimes.net/china/shanzhai/ English]) and here ([http://baike.baidu.com/view/268947.htm Chinese]).
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In June 2016 at an investor conference, Alibaba founder [http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-06-14/alibaba-s-ma-fake-goods-today-are-better-than-the-real-thing Jack Ma deflected criticism that the company's consumer-to-consumer online bazaar Taobao has become a hotbed for the distribution of ''shanzhai'' goods by claiming that the improving quality of counterfeit production was the true problem]. "The problem is that the fake products today, they make better quality, better prices than the real products," Ma said to investors. "It's not the fake products that destroy them, it's the new business models." International companies had been [http://qz.com/706493/alibabas-jack-ma-the-problem-with-counterfeits-is-theyre-better-quality-than-authentic-luxury-goods/ voicing concern that Alibaba was failing to protect their intellectual property] by selling fake products online.  
[[File:Shanzhai-iphones-550x366.jpg‎|400px|thumb|left|Shanzhai iPhones]]
 
  
[[Category: Grass-Mud Horse Lexicon]]
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[[Category:Grass-Mud Horse Lexicon]][[Category:Society and Culture]]

2016年6月16日 (四) 20:42的版本

shānzhài 山寨

Shanzhai iPhones. (Source: caijing.com.cn)

A reference to the imitation goods, especially counterfeit electronics, which China has become notorious for producing. The term literally means "mountain stronghold," and was historically used to describe the remote stockades which housed bandits and warlords who were evading authorities.

Contemporary colloquial use of the term refers to cheaply produced and often poor-quality imitation products. This use of the term originated with Cantonese slang, which applied shanzhai to small, low-end factories in Hong Kong and Shenzhen that produced non-brand name goods. By assuming brand names, and imitating the appearance and capabilities of well-known branded products, shanzhai goods were able to escape official detection and evade tax payments.

The term has expanded to describe any knock-off or imitation. An average singer with a striking resemblance to Taiwanese pop star Jay Chou, for example, may be called a "shanzhai Jay Chou."

In June 2016 at an investor conference, Alibaba founder Jack Ma deflected criticism that the company's consumer-to-consumer online bazaar Taobao has become a hotbed for the distribution of shanzhai goods by claiming that the improving quality of counterfeit production was the true problem. "The problem is that the fake products today, they make better quality, better prices than the real products," Ma said to investors. "It's not the fake products that destroy them, it's the new business models." International companies had been voicing concern that Alibaba was failing to protect their intellectual property by selling fake products online.