{"id":235348,"date":"2021-10-27T21:30:10","date_gmt":"2021-10-28T04:30:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/?p=235348"},"modified":"2021-11-02T18:24:58","modified_gmt":"2021-11-03T01:24:58","slug":"hong-kong-nsl-censorship-roundup-speech-crimes-retroactive-film-censorship-muted-marathoners-and-more","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/2021\/10\/hong-kong-nsl-censorship-roundup-speech-crimes-retroactive-film-censorship-muted-marathoners-and-more\/","title":{"rendered":"Hong Kong NSL Censorship Roundup: Speech Crimes, Retroactive Film Censorship, Muted Marathoners, and More"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Monday, Adam Ma Chun-man became the second person convicted under Hong Kong\u2019s National Security Law (NSL), and the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/china\/captain-america-protester-convicted-under-hong-kong-national-security-law-2021-10-25\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">first person convicted under the law for nonviolent acts of speech<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Charged with inciting secession, he faces up to seven years in prison. His conviction sets a dangerous precedent for the over one hundred individuals facing charges under the NSL\u2014<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2021-10-25\/hong-kong-convicts-second-person-under-national-security-law?utm_source=google&amp;utm_medium=bd&amp;cmpId=google\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">85 percent of whom were charged with speech-related crimes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2014and for others who risk prosecution for speech that was previously legal. In a timely example of how strict the authorities have become, the Hong Kong marathon, held one day before Ma\u2019s conviction, barred runners from wearing \u201cpolitical\u201d slogans as innocuous and ubiquitous as \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/globalvoices.org\/2021\/10\/26\/hong-kong-add-oil-is-censored-as-pro-beijingers-associate-the-expression-with-sedition\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hong Kong, add oil!<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Nicknamed \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thestandard.com.hk\/breaking-news\/section\/4\/181952\/Hong-Kong-court-convicts-second-man-under-National-Security-Law-for-inciting-secession\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Captain America 2.0<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">,\u201d in reference to a protester who dressed as the superhero during the 2014 Occupy movement, Ma is known for having chanted slogans, held up signs, and given media interviews at different demonstrations in 2019 and 2020, all while sporting the famous superhero\u2019s shield. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/hongkongfp.com\/2021\/09\/30\/defendant-refuses-to-give-evidence-or-summon-witness-at-hong-kongs-second-national-security-trial\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">He has been held in custody for ten months since his arrest last November<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">On conclusion of 2nd <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/NSL?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#NSL<\/a> trial in HK, 32-yo Ma Chun Man nicknamed Second Captain America found guilty of inciting others to commit secession by District Court. He now faces prison term up to 7 yr.<\/p>\n<p>For mere use of \u201cHong Kong Independence\u201d slogan in public.<\/p>\n<p>PURE SPEECH CRIME. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/Joa2IW6Oen\">pic.twitter.com\/Joa2IW6Oen<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Timothy Lee \u674e\u8ed2\u6717 (@TimothyLee_HK) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/TimothyLee_HK\/status\/1452552186269814786?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 25, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">W\/tear gas surgical mask, pepper spray specs MT <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/AgnesBun?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@AgnesBun<\/a> <br \/>Captain America spotted: <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/mongkok?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#mongkok<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/HongKong?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#HongKong<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/OccupyCentral?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#OccupyCentral<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/t.co\/gkLRjEiutj\">pic.twitter.com\/gkLRjEiutj<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Phelim Kine \u201c\u8001 \u5eb7\u201c (@PhelimKine) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/PhelimKine\/status\/523116953708527616?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 17, 2014<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">District Court Judge Stanley Chan Kwong-chi, who was handpicked by Chief Executive Carrie Lam, presented Ma\u2019s conviction in a 33-page judgment after four days of judicial proceedings. Ma will be sentenced on November 11. The sentence for inciting secession normally carries up to ten years in prison, but it is capped at seven years at the District Court level. Brian Wong from the South China Morning Post described how <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/hong-kong\/law-and-crime\/article\/3153593\/national-security-law-hong-kong-man-convicted-inciting\"><strong>the judge rejected the defense\u2019s argument that Ma never intended for others to act upon his words<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ma, a 31-year-old former food delivery driver, stood accused of promoting separatism on 20 occasions between August 15 and November 22 last year by using expressions such as \u201cHong Kong independence, the only way out\u201d, \u201cHongkongers build their country\u201d and the \u201cLiberate Hong Kong\u201d slogan \u2013 a signature chant of the 2019 anti-government protests.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">[&#8230;] Ma might have enjoyed being surrounded and interviewed by \u201ca group of reporter lookalikes\u201d and might have lacked detailed planning in achieving independence, but he could have gradually changed people\u2019s minds through his \u201chuman recorder-style\u201d speeches and made them believe it was possible, [Judge] Chan said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The judge also cited the High Court\u2019s verdict in Leon Tong\u2019s [National Security Law] case in finding it irrelevant to consider the impact and actual consequences of Ma\u2019s actions. [<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/hong-kong\/law-and-crime\/article\/3153593\/national-security-law-hong-kong-man-convicted-inciting\"><strong>Source<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">]<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Leon Tong Ying-kit was <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/hongkongfp.com\/2021\/07\/30\/breaking-activist-tong-ying-kit-jailed-for-9-years-in-hong-kongs-first-national-security-case\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">the first person to be convicted under the NSL<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, in July. He crashed into a group of police officers on his motorbike while carrying a flag emblazoned with the slogan \u201cLiberate Hong Kong, Revolution of Our Times.\u201d Convicted for both terrorism and secession, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2021\/jul\/30\/hong-kong-jails-man-24-nine-years-under-national-security-law-tong-ying-kit\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tong\u2019s use of the slogan alone earned him six and a half years out of a total nine-year sentence<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. This second NSL case against Ma, who unlike Tong did not engage in any violent acts, confirms that citizens can be convicted for secession under the NSL merely as a result of nonviolent speech. A recent analysis of Tong\u2019s case by Thomas E. Kellogg and Eric Yan-ho Lai at Georgetown University\u2019s Center for Asian Law shows <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.georgetown.edu\/law-asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2021\/10\/TongYingKitVerdictGCAL.pdf\"><strong>the excessive free speech restrictions linking Tong and Ma\u2019s respective convictions<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To be sure, the meaning of the slogan in question is not totally irrelevant: no one should be criminally prosecuted for inciting secession over speech that has nothing to do with a territory\u2019s political status, for example. That said, the court\u2019s unduly heavy focus on the exact meaning of the slogan is a bit of a red herring: even if Tong made a more direct and overt statement in favor of political independence for Hong Kong, under the Siracusa and the Johannesburg Principles tests, he would not be guilty of a national security offense unless his speech was both intended to incite imminent violence, and also concretely likely to do so.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">[&#8230;] The court\u2019s verdict has clear implications that could resonate well beyond Tong\u2019s own case. Its finding that the meaning of the slogan is inherently secessionist, and to infer intent to incite others from the mere act of \u2014 admittedly provocative in Tong\u2019s case \u2014 public display suggests that any public display of the now-forbidden slogan could be a violation of NSL Article 21. If adopted by other courts, this reasoning would have significant implications for other pending NSL trials: the police have arrested other individuals merely for displaying or chanting the forbidden slogan, as part of an apparent effort to effectively prohibit its use in Hong Kong in any public venue, at any time. [<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.georgetown.edu\/law-asia\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2021\/10\/TongYingKitVerdictGCAL.pdf\"><strong>Source<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">]<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Prosecutors attempting to provide evidence in Ma\u2019s case submitted t-shirts, seized from a raid on Ma\u2019s home, printed with the slogans \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/hongkongfp.com\/2021\/09\/30\/give-me-liberty-or-give-me-death-t-shirts-submitted-as-evidence-at-hong-kongs-second-national-security-trial\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">I\u2019d rather die speaking than live in silence<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201d in Chinese and \u201cGive me liberty or give me death\u201d in English. Ma pleaded not guilty, and he chose not to testify or summon any witnesses. His senior defense counsel Edwin Choy instead argued that Ma was simply \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/hongkongfp.com\/2021\/10\/25\/breaking-hong-kong-court-convicts-under-security-law-for-inciting-secession-with-chants-and-speeches\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">immature<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201d for chanting the slogans, and did so only to prove that \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euronews.com\/2021\/10\/25\/captain-america-hong-kong-activist-convicted-under-national-security-law\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">exercising freedom of expression is not against the law<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u201d Austin Ramzy at the New York Times described how <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/article\/hong-kong-security-law-speech.html\"><strong>Ma\u2019s conviction demonstrates that the government is intent on stifling freedom of expression via the NSL<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The activist, Ma Chun-man, had argued that he had not been calling for Hong Kong\u2019s independence from China, but instead had wanted to show that free speech still existed under the law, which Beijing imposed on Hong Kong in June 2020. He will be sentenced on Nov. 11.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Critics say Mr. Ma\u2019s conviction shows that the national security law is being used to silence political dissent.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201cThe government is trying to use the N.S.L. to stamp out certain forms of speech,\u201d said Thomas E. Kellogg, executive director of the Center for Asian Law at Georgetown University. \u201cThis is a core function of the government\u2019s use of the N.S.L. over the past 15 months. As the case against Ma shows, prosecutors continue to bring serious charges against people who say things that the government doesn\u2019t like.\u201d [<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/article\/hong-kong-security-law-speech.html\"><strong>Source<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">]<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Thank you <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/laiyanhoeric?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@laiyanhoeric<\/a> for joining me on <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/taiwanplusmedia?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@taiwanplusmedia<\/a> again today to discuss yesterday&#39;s National Security Law verdict.<\/p>\n<p>As Lai says, this is such a disturbing case because the conviction was based purely on speech crime and the court threw out arguments about human rights. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/oe1FoUPpdX\">pic.twitter.com\/oe1FoUPpdX<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Ryan Ho Kilpatrick \u4f55\u677e\u6fe4 (@rhokilpatrick) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/rhokilpatrick\/status\/1452903814906843137?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 26, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Excellent piece by <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/nytimesworld?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@nytimesworld<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/austinramzy?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@austinramzy<\/a> on the HK NSL, with a focus on the recent Ma Chun-man conviction. (A few comments from me on the use of the law to target political speech.) More guilty verdicts to come? <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/j4myT1WV7g\">https:\/\/t.co\/j4myT1WV7g<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Tom Kellogg (@tom_kellogg) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/tom_kellogg\/status\/1452987815348822024?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 26, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Restrictions on freedom of speech have been expanding under the NSL. On Sunday, the Standard Chartered Hong Kong marathon was marred by censorship. Helen Davidson at the Guardian described how right before the race began, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2021\/oct\/25\/hong-kong-police-tell-marathon-runners-to-cover-up-political-clothing-and-tattoos\"><strong>numerous runners were prohibited from participating due to displaying \u201cpolitical\u201d symbols or slogans<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hong Kong marathon runners were ordered to cover up \u201cpolitical\u201d slogans and tattoos before being allowed to compete at the first major sporting event on the island in almost two years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to local media reports, runners reported being told to cover up or remove slogans, including idioms like \u201cadd oil\u201d \u2013 a phrase which was widely heard during the 2019 protests but is also a ubiquitous term of encouragement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hong Kong\u2019s Citizen News reported one runner was escorted to a changing booth by police during a security check, and told to change her shorts because of a small printed slogan on the side which was deemed \u201cpolitical\u201d. Another man was reportedly told to cover his tattoos in tape. [<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2021\/oct\/25\/hong-kong-police-tell-marathon-runners-to-cover-up-political-clothing-and-tattoos\"><strong>Source<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">]<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Hong Kong police tell marathon runners to cover up \u2018political\u2019 clothing and tattoos<\/p>\n<p>The city has become a politically hypersensitive environment since introduction of national security law. Restricting freedom of speech &amp; expression is now the norm in HK.<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/Ld1nPhHJ8m\">https:\/\/t.co\/Ld1nPhHJ8m<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Fight For Freedom. Stand With Hong Kong. \u91cd\u5149\u5718\u968a (@Stand_with_HK) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Stand_with_HK\/status\/1452791528515010562?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 26, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">\u201cHong Kong Add Oil\u201d is deemed a \u201cpolitical slogan\u201d by police, where a runner is asked to replace her shorts with that logo. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/9WWNGCVLQ4\">https:\/\/t.co\/9WWNGCVLQ4<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Alvin Lum (@alvinllum) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/alvinllum\/status\/1452093415567462404?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 24, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Imagine if wearing a pair of <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/BostonStrong?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#BostonStrong<\/a> shorts became a reason to be kicked out of the BOSTON marathon!<\/p>\n<p>Anyone who isn\u2019t thoroughly disturbed by the news coming out of <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/HongKong?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#HongKong<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Tibet?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#Tibet<\/a> &amp; <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/EastTurkestan?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#EastTurkestan<\/a> is either wildly uninformed or simply lacks compassion. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/GamCaNrHal\">https:\/\/t.co\/GamCaNrHal<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; \u0f54\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f92\u0fb2\u0f7c\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f0d \ud83c\udf3f (@pema0_o) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/pema0_o\/status\/1452192324667203584?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 24, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Marathon runners with &quot;Hong Kong, Add Oil&quot; tattoos are made to cover up their tattoos before continuing with the race. This year&#39;s run has transformed into an obstacle course, with a large police presence at the start and along the course. What a waste of taxpayer dollars. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/nxJvwQRrGK\">https:\/\/t.co\/nxJvwQRrGK<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/sK69L8vHib\">pic.twitter.com\/sK69L8vHib<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; K Tse (@ktse852) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ktse852\/status\/1452116161395523584?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 24, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Worth stressing how generic the slogan \u9999\u6e2f\u52a0\u6cb9 is. It&#39;s basically just &quot;Go Hong Kong!&quot; and has been used by everyone. Here it is attributed to then-CE Donald Tsang during the Beijing Olympics and then vice premier Xi Jinping on an inspection tour ahead of those games <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/O5o9W0wNM4\">https:\/\/t.co\/O5o9W0wNM4<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/UjXLlgRoET\">pic.twitter.com\/UjXLlgRoET<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Austin Ramzy (@austinramzy) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/austinramzy\/status\/1452165689175732229?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 24, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The chair of the marathon organizing committee, William Ko, stated, \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/hongkongfp.com\/2021\/10\/24\/standard-chartered-marathon-warns-runners-over-political-attire-police-force-runners-to-cover-come-on-hong-kong-slogan-report\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is a sports event and we do not wish to see any political element<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u201d But the controversy was further inflamed when the organizers decided to cut short their post-race press conference after repeatedly deflecting reporters\u2019 questions about censorship. Andrew McNicol and Nick Atkin at the South China Morning Post described <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/sport\/hong-kong\/article\/3153496\/hong-kong-marathon-organisers-cut-short-tense-press-conference\"><strong>the scene at the press conference<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Media members continued to ask questions asking what was political about the words \u201cHong Kong\u201d, and whether the decision to ban them was made by the Hong Kong Association of Athletics Affiliates (HKAAA), the marathon organisers or the government.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">But Ko began his response to all of the questions by repeatedly saying: \u201cI have already said this very clearly\u201d, before repeating his opening statement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">[&#8230;] Reporters asked again why \u201cHong Kong add oil\u201d or similar slogans were deemed uncomfortable or objectionable, and if there would be clothing checks at future marathons.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">[&#8230;] A public relations official became involved, saying \u201cthis question has been answered several times by Mr Ko &#8230; if you have any other questions, please feel free to ask them\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When media members persisted to ask about slogans, the official abruptly ended the press conference. [<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/sport\/hong-kong\/article\/3153496\/hong-kong-marathon-organisers-cut-short-tense-press-conference\"><strong>Source<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">]<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the wake of the press conference, Tom Grundy at the Hong Kong Free Press reported on <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/hongkongfp.com\/2021\/10\/26\/uk-bank-standard-chartered-declines-to-say-if-it-supports-free-speech-in-hong-kong-after-marathon-runners-targeted\/\"><strong>Standard Chartered\u2019s refusal to support free speech<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">When asked if Standard Chartered supported free speech in Hong Kong, a spokesperson for the British bank said they \u201chave no comment on this.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The bank equally would not comment on whether it would support runners targeted by police, or whether it would sponsor the event next year.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">[&#8230;] In a statement last June, Standard Chartered said it believed \u201cthe national security law can help maintain the long term economic and social stability of Hong Kong.\u201d [<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/hongkongfp.com\/2021\/10\/26\/uk-bank-standard-chartered-declines-to-say-if-it-supports-free-speech-in-hong-kong-after-marathon-runners-targeted\/\"><strong>Source<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">]<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Wobbling? &#39;When asked if Standard Chartered supported free speech in Hong Kong, a spokesperson for the British bank said they \u201chave no comment on this.\u201d&#39; And the press conference was cut short when journalists asked about the slogans. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/k7wwdCM2xp\">https:\/\/t.co\/k7wwdCM2xp<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Eric Wishart (@EricWishart) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/EricWishart\/status\/1453027968712806405?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 26, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Answer unspeakable<\/p>\n<p>UK bank Standard Chartered declines to say if it supports free speech in Hong Kong after Standard Chartered marathon runners were targeted by police and made to cover tattoos or change clothes bearing slogans such as &quot;come on Hong Kong\u201d<a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/9JxuUvlFrV\">https:\/\/t.co\/9JxuUvlFrV<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Charles Mok \u83ab\u4e43\u5149 (@charlesmok) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/charlesmok\/status\/1452828927831855110?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 26, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yet another restriction on free speech emerged on Wednesday, when <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-china-59047633\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">the Hong Kong legislature passed a new film censorship law<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, ostensibly to protect national security. Jessie Pang from Reuters explained the contents of the law<\/span><strong>, <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">which includes<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/media-telecom\/hong-kong-passes-film-censorship-law-safeguard-national-security-2021-10-27\/\"><strong>hefty fines and even prison sentences for organizers of unauthorized film screenings<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Hong Kong government said the film censorship law was aimed at content deemed to &#8220;endorse, support, glorify, encourage and incite activities that might endanger national security.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The law empowers Hong Kong&#8217;s chief secretary, the second-most powerful figure in the city&#8217;s administration, to revoke a film&#8217;s licence if it is &#8220;found to be contrary to national security interests.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Punishment for violating the law included up to three years imprisonment and fines of up to HK$1 million ($128,400). [<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/media-telecom\/hong-kong-passes-film-censorship-law-safeguard-national-security-2021-10-27\/\"><strong>Source<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">]<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The law denotes violations using a broad phrase, \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/2021\/09\/hong-kongs-expansive-national-security-law-swallows-activists-bail-requests-and-mms\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">contrary to national security interests<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u201d Similarly vague or overly broad phrases have been used in an increasing number of regulations related to the NSL. While the law does not address films disseminated online, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/china\/movies-10272021120540.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">some lawmakers hope that the measures will soon be extended to online platforms<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Authorities are also able to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/news.rthk.hk\/rthk\/en\/component\/k2\/1607371-20210824.htm\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">use the law retroactively to censor films that were previously granted approval<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Kelly Ho from the Hong Kong Free Press noted <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/hongkongfp.com\/2021\/10\/27\/hong-kong-passes-bill-to-censor-films-contrary-to-chinas-national-security-hk1m-fine-3-years-jail-for-offenders\/\"><strong>the additional powers given to film censorship authorities under the new law<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">An inspector authorised by the censorship agency may also enter and search premises without a warrant when they are trying to halt an unauthorised film screening or publication, if it is \u201cnot reasonably practicable\u201d to obtain a warrant.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">[\u2026] Local film censors may ask for up to 28 days to review films that may involve national security considerations. Filmmakers may not challenge the censorship body\u2019s decision, as the new legislation will bar the Board of Review from reconsidering decisions made on national security grounds. [<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/hongkongfp.com\/2021\/10\/27\/hong-kong-passes-bill-to-censor-films-contrary-to-chinas-national-security-hk1m-fine-3-years-jail-for-offenders\/\"><strong>Source<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">]<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Filmmaker Kiwi Chow, whose documentary <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/RoOT_film?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@RoOT_film<\/a> chronicles the 2019 protests and was featured at this year\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Festival_Cannes?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@Festival_Cannes<\/a>, says the bill hurts the local movie industry by reducing \u201cthe freedom to create.\u201d<br \/>\u201cIt will worsen self-censorship and fuel fear among filmmakers.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Jessie Pang (@JessiePang0125) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/JessiePang0125\/status\/1453271834636558340?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 27, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Baking such censorship into law were \u201cdictatorial manoeuvrings designed to undermine a vibrant Hong Kong film culture,\u201d said Joseph Lee, director of the Global Asia Institute at Pace University in New York, who has published two papers on Hong Kong cinema.<\/p>\n<p>&mdash; William Yang (@WilliamYang120) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/WilliamYang120\/status\/1453257443346157568?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 27, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">\u201cIt is hard to imagine how film directors, executive producers and actors could stay politically neutral because China\u2019s definition of politics focuses narrowly on any opinion and action thought to be a security threat,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>&mdash; William Yang (@WilliamYang120) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/WilliamYang120\/status\/1453257537101443080?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 27, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The law is a culmination of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/2021\/06\/hong-kong-begins-politically-censoring-films\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">months of intensifying film censorship in Hong Kong<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Private gatherings that aired both political and non-political films have been <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/09\/28\/world\/asia\/hong-kong-movie-censor.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">raided by police<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Film directors have <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.taipeitimes.com\/News\/editorials\/archives\/2021\/09\/29\/2003765186\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">fled abroad to escape the NSL<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. The Arts Development Council <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/hong-kong\/politics\/article\/3153857\/hong-kong-passes-bill-ban-films-deemed-threats-national\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">pulled a 700,000 Hong-Kong-dollar grant to an NGO run by the independent filmmakers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> who released \u201cInside the Red Brick Wall,\u201d a documentary on the 2019 siege of Hong Kong Polytechnic University. For the first time since 1969, the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/business\/media-telecom\/oscar-nominated-do-not-split-now-part-hong-kongs-story-waning-freedoms-director-2021-04-20\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oscars were not broadcast in Hong Kong<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. In her Tuesday press briefing, as reported by Bloomberg, Hong Kong\u2019s Chief Executive Carrie Lam appeared satisfied with the city\u2019s evolution, stating that the Legislative Council had \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2021-10-27\/hong-kong-to-pass-film-censorship-law-curbing-free-speech-again\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">delivered a brilliant performance<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u201d and \u201cdone really well in terms of legislative amendments and proposals\u201d this year.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/%E4%BA%95%E5%BA%95%E4%B9%8B%E8%9B%99?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#\u4e95\u5e95\u4e4b\u86d9<\/a> Hong Kong pro-Beijing legislator said in defence of new law censoring films on national security grounds that &quot;for <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Snowden?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@Snowden<\/a>&#39;s exposing of US govt surveillance, if his story is made into movies in the US, I think they&#39;ll be banned too.&quot; <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/CitizenFour?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#CitizenFour<\/a> got an Oscar in fact. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/t86javC6Zk\">pic.twitter.com\/t86javC6Zk<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Charles Mok \u83ab\u4e43\u5149 (@charlesmok) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/charlesmok\/status\/1453454927737417730?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 27, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tonyee Chow Hang-tung, the vice-chair of the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China, is another victim of the criminalization of free speech in Hong Kong. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thestandard.com.hk\/breaking-news\/section\/4\/182065\/Alliance-banned-from-Companies-Register-not-because-of-criminal-charges:-John-Lee\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Chow was charged on September 9 with \u201cinciting subversion\u201d<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> under the NSL for her role in this year\u2019s June 4 vigil. She pleaded not guilty and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thestandard.com.hk\/breaking-news\/section\/4\/181152\/Laughter-in-court-as-magistrate-asks-Tonyee-Chow-if-she-has-internet-in-prison\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">argued that the charge violates her freedom of speech<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Her <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thestandard.com.hk\/breaking-news\/section\/4\/181855\/Four-key-members-of-June-4-vigil-alliance-released-on-bail\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">case has been adjourned<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to January 25, 2022, until which time she remains in custody. In a speech to the court, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/672438.html\"><strong>she reiterated her opposition to a charge that stifles her right to freedom of speech<\/strong><\/a><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">What I am doing is passing on a tradition, giving a voice to ordinary people, doing everything that an ordinary Hong Konger would like to do at a time like this, and not allowing the regime to monopolize the truth. If the court wants to use the term &#8220;incite,&#8221; it would be better to say that the people of Hong Kong &#8220;incited&#8221; me to do this, to act according to my conscience. Even if I am to be punished for it, I have no regrets. [<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/chinese\/672438.html\"><strong>Chinese<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">]<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On Monday, Adam Ma Chun-man became the second person convicted under Hong Kong\u2019s National Security Law (NSL), and the first person convicted under the law for nonviolent acts of speech. Charged with inciting secession, he faces up to seven years in prison. His conviction sets a dangerous precedent for the over one hundred individuals facing [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1099,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[116,35,10,17753,5],"tags":[17889,18085,478,17004,17788,18071,4822,18106,2253,3710],"class_list":["post-235348","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-world","category-hong-kong","category-law","category-recent-news","category-society","tag-courts","tag-criminalizing-speech","tag-freedom-of-expression","tag-hong-kong","tag-hong-kong-courts","tag-hong-kong-protesters","tag-marathon","tag-national-security-law","tag-protesters","tag-slogans","et-doesnt-have-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.9 (Yoast SEO v23.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Hong Kong NSL Censorship Roundup: Speech Crimes, Retroactive Film Censorship, Muted Marathoners, and More<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/2021\/10\/hong-kong-nsl-censorship-roundup-speech-crimes-retroactive-film-censorship-muted-marathoners-and-more\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hong Kong NSL Censorship Roundup: Speech Crimes, Retroactive Film Censorship, Muted Marathoners, and More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"On Monday, Adam Ma Chun-man became the second person convicted under Hong Kong\u2019s National Security Law (NSL), and the first person convicted under the law for nonviolent acts of speech. Charged with inciting secession, he faces up to seven years in prison. His conviction sets a dangerous precedent for the over one hundred individuals facing [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/2021\/10\/hong-kong-nsl-censorship-roundup-speech-crimes-retroactive-film-censorship-muted-marathoners-and-more\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"China Digital Times (CDT)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ChinaDigitalTimes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-10-28T04:30:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-11-03T01:24:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/CDT-logo.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"186\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"177\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Arthur Kaufman\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@cdt\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@cdt\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Arthur Kaufman\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"11 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/2021\/10\/hong-kong-nsl-censorship-roundup-speech-crimes-retroactive-film-censorship-muted-marathoners-and-more\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/2021\/10\/hong-kong-nsl-censorship-roundup-speech-crimes-retroactive-film-censorship-muted-marathoners-and-more\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Arthur Kaufman\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/#\/schema\/person\/79940b5090cf1a98dc08de99e4b434cb\"},\"headline\":\"Hong Kong NSL Censorship Roundup: Speech Crimes, Retroactive Film Censorship, Muted Marathoners, and More\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-28T04:30:10+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-11-03T01:24:58+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/2021\/10\/hong-kong-nsl-censorship-roundup-speech-crimes-retroactive-film-censorship-muted-marathoners-and-more\/\"},\"wordCount\":2224,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/chinadigitaltimes.net\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"courts\",\"criminalizing speech\",\"freedom of expression\",\"Hong Kong\",\"hong kong courts\",\"Hong Kong protesters\",\"marathon\",\"National security law\",\"protesters\",\"slogans\"],\"articleSection\":[\"China &amp; 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