查看“Laam caau”的源代码

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==''laam5 caau2 (lǎn chǎo)'' | 攬炒 ([[揽炒]])==

[[File:Laamcaau hkpf.jpg|thumb|300px|right|''The "subversive" laam caau plan as laid out by the Hong Kong Police's National Security Department ([https://twitter.com/jgriffiths/status/1346724383956594689 @jgriffiths])'']]

Cantonese term (pronounced "lahm tsow"), a combination of "embrace" and "fry," referring to a strategy invented and popularized during the 2019 Hong Kong protests, broadly meaning to force your opponent to suffer as much as you do. [https://hongkongfp.com/2020/10/25/wanted-hong-kong-activist-finn-lau-behind-the-faceless-laam-caau-persona-says-he-will-seize-any-chance-of-survival-and-give-back/ Coined by pro-democracy campaigner Finn Lau], who used the term as his username on Hong Kong social media platform LIHKG. Compared by some to a strategy of scorched earth or mutually-assured destruction. Prominent pro-democracy campaigners [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/31/opinion/hong-kong-protest-joshua-wong.html Joshua Wong and Alex Chow expressed the idea in a New York Times op-ed in August 2019] by referencing the famous "Hunger Games" line: "If we burn, you burn with us."

Proponents of the laam caau doctrine have [https://hongkongfp.com/2020/10/25/wanted-hong-kong-activist-finn-lau-behind-the-faceless-laam-caau-persona-says-he-will-seize-any-chance-of-survival-and-give-back/ called for Western governments to apply international sanctions on Hong Kong] and revoke Hong Kong's special trade status as a separate economic entity from China. While acknowledging the painful effect of such policies on Hong Kong's economy, they argue that it is a sacrifice worth making. 

Pro-establishment political parties in Hong Kong as well as Chinese state media have since co-opted the term to [https://twitter.com/maryhui/status/1327144875335315457 derisively refer to pro-democracy parties as the "laam caau faction."]

In April 2020, Benny Tai, legal scholar and the brainchild behind Occupy Central with Love and Peace, the precursor to the 2014 Umbrella Movement, published an article titled "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210301055531/https://hk.appledaily.com/local/20200428/MTCUWRHKCIZT2RJXAUP6W4TNXA/ 10 Steps to a Real Laam Caau]" in Apple Daily (since deleted). Tai proposed a ten-step roadmap, beginning with the then-scheduled 2020 Legislative Council elections, that would ultimately lead to the international community applying sanctions on the CCP:

<blockquote> 
==== '''[https://web.archive.org/web/20210301055531/https://hk.appledaily.com/local/20200428/MTCUWRHKCIZT2RJXAUP6W4TNXA/ 10 Steps to a Real Laam Caau]''' ====

1. '''July-August 2020:''' The Hong Kong government issues widespread disqualifications to prominent pro-democracy activists, banning them from running in the 2020 Legislative Council election. Pro-democracy parties respond by filling their candidacies with "Plan B" candidates.

2. '''September 2020:''' Outraged at the disqualifications, a large voter turnout in the Legislative Council elections leads to the election of 35+ pro-democracy candidates, allowing the pan-democratic camp to achieve a legislative majority in the 70-person chamber. 

3. '''October 2020:''' The Hong Kong government initiates judicial procedures to disqualify newly-elected pro-democracy legislators, but the judicial process takes time, allowing lawmakers to maintain their majority in the interim. 

4. '''October 2020-early 2021:''' During this time, all budget proposals submitted by the government between October 2020 and April 2021 will be rejected by the Legislative Council.

5. '''2021:''' After the pro-democracy majority vetoes the 2021 budget, per Article 50 of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law Basic Law], the Chief Executive dissolves the Legislative Council, maintaining day-to-day operations using provisional appropriations (Article 51).

6. '''Mid-2021:''' In fresh elections for the Legislative Council, pro-democracy parties put forward "Plan C" candidates after "Plan B" candidates are disqualified. Again, pro-democracy parties win 35+ seats to maintain their majority in the Council. 

7. '''November 2021:''' The newly elected Legislative Council will refuse to pass the budget again. Per [https://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclawtext/chapter_4.html Article 52 of the Basic Law], the Chief Executive is required to resign after a second Legislative Council still refuses to pass the budget. Chief Executive Carrie Lam resigns. 

8. '''December 2021:''' The National People's Congress Standing Committee announces a state of emergency in Hong Kong, applying the Chinese National Security Law in Hong Kong to dissolve the Legislative Council and establish a Provisional Legislative Council. It also selects a new Chief Executive and detains a large number of pro-democracy politicians.

9. '''Post-December 2021:''' The state of emergency leads to an intensification of street protests, including a general strike that brings Hong Kong to a standstill. 

10. '''Post-January 2022:''' Western countries impose political and economic sanctions on the Chinese Communist Party.
</blockquote>

A plan known as the "[https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3116586/hong-kong-national-security-law-35-plus-ambition-colour 35-plus strategy]", drafted by Tai a month before his "10 Steps to Laam Caau" article was published, provided a roadmap for the pro-democracy camp to gain a majority in the Legislative Council, the second step of the 10-step plan. The "35-plus strategy" was embraced by pro-democracy politicians looking to run in the September 2020 Legislative Council elections. On July 11 and 12, 2020, Tai and former lawmaker Au Nok-hin, along with pro-democracy group Power for Democracy, organized an unofficial primary election for pro-democracy candidates. More than 600,000 people participated in the primary. At the end of July, however, [https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2020/07/hong-kong-election-delayed-after-disqualifications-arrests-professors-firing/ the Hong Kong government postponed the election for a year] citing "virus concerns."

While Tai predicted that China would apply its National Security Law to Hong Kong, he failed to imagine that Beijing would announce and implement a bespoke Hong Kong National Security Law months earlier than predicted, on July 1, 2020. On January 6, 2021, [https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2021/01/hong-kongs-purge-every-2020-pro-democracy-legco-candidate-arrested-under-national-security-law/ 53 people were arrested for "subversion"] under the National Security Law, including Tai, Au, and every single pro-democracy candidate who ran in the July 2020 primary. The Hong Kong Police's National Security Department cited Tai's "10-step plan for laam caau" as evidence of a plot to paralyze and overthrow the government, despite his roadmap being grounded in existing legal provisions within the Basic Law. Of the 53, [https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2021/03/hong-kong-prosecutors-charge-47-with-subversion-supporters-rally-outside-bail-hearing/ 47 were subsequently charged on February 28, 2021], and currently await trial. If convicted, they face maximum sentences of life imprisonment.

"Laam caau" has continued to influence electoral reforms for Hong Kong announced during the 2021 "Two Sessions." [https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2021/01/xi-wants-patriotic-hong-kong-politicians-a-new-party-leaps-at-the-chance/ In a speech on February 21, 2021, Xia Baolong, Director of the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office, announced that Hong Kong people must be "patriots" to be eligible for public office.] Candidates who supported the laam caau doctrine [https://twitter.com/krislc/status/1363704875146571777 were among those singled out] as unpatriotic, and thus ineligible for office.

====See Also==== 
* [[Accelerationism]]

==== More from CDT ====
*[https://chinadigitaltimes.net/china-news/main/hong-kong/ English]

*[https://chinadigitaltimes.net/chinese/search_gcse/?q=揽炒 中文]

[[Category:Lexicon]][[Category:Resistance Discourse]][[Category:Hong Kong]]