
In the past, couples often did not demonstrate affection inside a strict, loyalty-based family hierarchy. It was better not to, as Harvard sociologist Martin Whyte points out, since it might suggest a son’s loyalty was not entirely clear. Couples always lived with the husband’s parents, and in times of argument, sons were expected to side with family elders, not wives. Sons were dependent on parents. Divorce was discouraged and nearly non-existent. Marriages were arranged among families or inside ‘work units;’ a main criterion was the communist or “revolutionary” credentials of the spouse’s family”



